| تعداد نشریات | 282 |
| تعداد نشریات سازمان | 80 |
| تعداد شماره‌ها | 3,262 |
| تعداد مقالات | 36,058 |
| تعداد مشاهده مقاله | 55,181,858 |
| تعداد دریافت فایل اصل مقاله | 94,182,211 |
بررسی تنوع در منشأ بنه زعفران (Crocus sativus L.) براساس عملکرد گل و ترکیب‌های زیست فعال گلبرگ | ||
| تحقیقات گیاهان دارویی و معطر ایران | ||
| مقاله 6، دوره 35، شماره 5 - شماره پیاپی 97، آذر و دی 1398، صفحه 759-773 اصل مقاله (740.03 K) | ||
| نوع مقاله: مقاله پژوهشی | ||
| شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.22092/ijmapr.2019.125800.2532 | ||
| نویسندگان | ||
| جلال قنبری1؛ غلامرضا خواجویی نژاد* 2 | ||
| 1دانشجوی دکترای زراعت، انجمن پژوهشگران جوان، دانشگاه شهید باهنر کرمان، کرمان، ایران | ||
| 2دانشیار، گروه زراعت و اصلاح نباتات، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه شهید باهنر کرمان، پژوهشکده فناوری تولیدات گیاهی، دانشگاه شهید باهنر کرمان، کرمان، ایران | ||
| چکیده | ||
| شناسه دیجیتال (DOR): 98.1000/1735-0905.1398.35.759.97.5.1576.1711 علاوه‌بر کلاله، سایر قسمت‌های گل زعفران (Crocus sativus L.) ازجمله گلبرگ به‌عنوان محصولات جانبی فرایند تولید زعفران، حاوی ترکیب‌های زیست فعال و آنتی‌اکسیدان بوده که معمولاً بدون استفاده باقی می‌مانند. برای افزایش بهره‌وری این گیاه و همچنین ارزیابی تنوع منشأ بنه از نظر عملکرد گل و ترکیب‌های زیست فعال گلبرگ زعفران، این آزمایش در مزرعه تحقیقاتی دانشگاه شهید باهنر کرمان اجرا شد. در این راستا، بنه‌های مختلف از 9 منطقه ایران (بجستان، استهبان، فردوس، گناباد، نطنز، قائن، سرایان، تربت‌حیدریه و زرند) تهیه و طی سال‌های زراعی 95-1394، 96-1395 و 97-1396 بررسی شدند. نتایج بیانگر وجود ترکیب‌های فنلی بین 24/5-83/2 میلی‌گرم گالیک اسید در گرم وزن خشک، ترکیب‌های فلاونوئیدی از 38/0 تا 81/1 میلی‌گرم کوئرستین در گرم وزن خشک و همچنین فعالیت آنتی‌اکسیدانی در گلبرگ بود. یافته‌ها همچنین نشان داد که صفات مرتبط با گل، ترکیب‌های زیست فعال و قدرت مهارکنندگی رادیکال‌های آزاد به‌طور معنی‌داری تحت تأثیر فصل رشد، منشأ بنه و اثر متقابل آنها قرار گرفت. در تمام صفات مورد مطالعه (بجز قدرت احیاءکنندگی)، بنه‌های با منشأ مختلف واکنش متفاوتی به فصل‌های رشد نشان دادند. بیشترین میزان عملکرد، از بنه‌های با منشأ فردوس در فصل‌های رشد اول و سوم و بجستان در فصل رشد دوم بدست آمد. بنه‌های با منشأ بجستان و گناباد به‌دلیل محتوای فنل و فلاونوئید بالا بیشترین (به‌ترتیب با 216 و 217 میلی‌گرم در لیتر) و استهبان به‌دلیل میزان پایین ترکیب‌های فنلی و فلاونوئیدی، کمترین قدرت آنتی‌رادیکالی را در فصل رشد 96-1395 نشان دادند. بنه‌های با منشأ فردوس، سرایان، بجستان و گناباد براساس عملکرد و محتوای بالای ترکیب‌های زیست فعال، قائن و استهبان با میزان کم ترکیب‌های زیست فعال و فعالیت آنتی‌اکسیدانی و نطنز، تربت‌حیدریه و زرند با میزان گلدهی پایین، براساس نتایج تجزیه به مؤلفه‌های اصلی و تجزیه خوشه‌ای در سه گروه اصلی قرار گرفتند. | ||
| کلیدواژه‌ها | ||
| فعالیت آنتی‌اکسیدانی؛ گلبرگ زعفران؛ محتوای فنل و فلاونوئید؛ منشأ بنه | ||
| عنوان مقاله [English] | ||
| Variation in corm origin of saffron (Crocus sativus L.) based on flower yield and bioactive compounds in petals | ||
| نویسندگان [English] | ||
| J. Ghanbari1؛ Gh. Khajoei-Nejad2 | ||
| 1Ph.D. student, Young Researcher Society, Shahid Bahonar University of Kerman, Kerman, Iran | ||
| 2Faculty of Agriculture, Shahid Bahonar University of Kerman, Kerman, Iran Research and Technology Institute of Plant Production (RTIPP), Shahid Bahonar University of Kerman, Kerman, Iran | ||
| چکیده [English] | ||
| In addition to the stigma, other parts of saffron (Crocus sativus L.) flower including petals, as by-products of the saffron production process, contain bioactive and antioxidant compounds that are usually left unused. This experiment was conducted at the research field of Shahid Bahonar University of Kerman, Iran, to increase the productivity of this crop as well as investigate the variation in corm origin in terms of flower yield and bioactive compounds of saffron petals. In this regard, different corms from nine different regions of Iran (Bajestan, Estahban, Ferdows, Gonabad, Natanz, Qaen, Sarayan, Torbate-Heydarieh and Zarand) were evaluated during the three growing seasons of 2015-16, 2016-17 and 2017-18. Based on the results, phenolic compounds ranged from 2.83 to 5.24 mg gallic acid/g dry weight and flavonoid compounds ranged from 0.38 to 1.81 mg quercetin/g dry weight in petals. The results also demonstrated that flower-related traits, bioactive compounds and radical scavenging activity were significantly affected by the growing season, corm origin and their interaction. In all the traits studied (except reducing power ability), corms of different origins showed different responses to the growing season. The highest yield was obtained from the corms of Ferdows in the first and third growing seasons and Bajestan in the second growing season. The corms of Bajestan and Gonabad (the highest phenolic and flavonoid contents) and Estahban (the least phenolic and flavonoid contents) showed, respectively, the highest (216 and 217 mg/L, respectively) and lowest antiradical activity in 2016-17 growing season. The corms of Ferdows, Sarayan, Bajestan, and Gonabad origin based on high yield and bioactive compounds content, Qaen and Estahban due to low bioactive compounds content and antioxidant activity, and Natanz, Torbate-Heydarieh and Zarand with the lowest flower production were grouped into three main clusters according to cluster and principal component analyses. | ||
| کلیدواژه‌ها [English] | ||
| Antioxidant activity, saffron petals, phenol and flavonoid content, corm provenance | ||
| مراجع | ||
|
- Agayev, Y.M., Fernandez, J.A. and Zarifi, E., 2009. Clonal selection of saffron (Crocus sativus L.): the first optimistic experimental results. Euphytica, 169: 81-99. - Ahmadian-Kouchaksaraie, Z. and Niazmand, R., 2017. Supercritical carbon dioxide extraction of antioxidants from Crocus sativus petals of saffron industry residues: Optimization using response surface methodology. The Journal of Supercritical Fluids, 121: 19-31. - Alavi-Kia, S.S., Mohammadi, S.A., Aharizad, S. and Moghaddam, M., 2008. Analysis of genetic diversity and phylogenetic relationships in Crocus genus of Iran using inter-retrotransposon amplified polymorphism. Biotechnology & Biotechnological Equipment, 22: 795-800. - Amirnia, R., Bayat, M. and Gholamian, A., 2013. Influence of corm provenance and sowing dates on stigma yield and yield components in saffron (Crocus sativus L.). Turkish Journal of Field Crops, 18(2): 198-204. - Alonso, G.L., Zalacain, A. and Carmona, M., 2012. Saffron: 469-498. In: Peter, K.V., (Ed.). Handbook of Herbs and Spices. Woodhead Publishing, Cambridge, 640p. - Babaei, S., Talebi, M., Bahar, M. and Zeinali, H., 2014. Analysis of genetic diversity among saffron (Crocus sativus) accessions from different regions of Iran as revealed by SRAP markers. Scientia Horticulturae,171: 27-31. - Baghalian, K., Shabani Sheshtamand, M. and Jamshidi, A.H., 2010. Genetic variation and heritability of agro-morphological and phytochemical traits in Iranian saffron (Crocus sativus L.) populations. Industrial Crops and Products, 31: 401-406. - Behdani, M.A. and H.R. Fallahi, 2015. Saffron: Technical Knowledge Based on Research Approaches. University of Birjand Press, 411p. - Behdani, M.A., Jami Al-Ahmadi, M. and Fallahi, H.R., 2016. Biomass partitioning during the life cycle of saffron (Crocus sativus L.) using regression models. Journal of Crop Science and Biotechnology, 19(1): 71-76. - Dinçer, C., Tontul, I., Cam, I.B., Özdemir, K.S., Topuz, A., Nadeem, H.Ş., Tuğrulay, S.T. and Göktürk, R.S., 2013. Phenolic composition and antioxidant activity of Salvia tomentosa Miller: effects of cultivation, harvesting year, and storage. Turkish Journal of Agriculture and Forestry, 37(5): 561-567. - Dinçer, C., Torun, M., Tontul, I., Topuz, A., Sahin-Nadeem, H., Gokturk, R.S., Tugrul-Ay, S. and Ozdemir, F., 2017. Phenolic composition and antioxidant activity of Sideritis lycia and Sideritis libanotica subsp. linearis: effects of cultivation, year and storage. Journal of Applied Research on Medicinal and Aromatic Plants, 5: 26-32. - Ehsanzadeh, P., Yadollahi A. and Maibodi, A.M., 2004. Productivity, growth and quality attributes of 10 Iranian Saffron accessions under climate condition of Chahar-Mahal Bakhteyari. Acta Horticulturae, 650: 183-188. - Ghanbari, J. and Khajoei-Nejad, G.R., 2018a. Effect of compost and combination of compost and biochar application on soil bulk density of planting bed and seedling emergence rate and early growth of saffron ecotypes. Saffron Agronomy & Technology, 19: 17-33. - Ghanbari, J. and Khajoei-Nejad, G.R., 2018b. Effect of organic and chemical fertilizers application on relationships among growth indices, corm characteristics, flower related attributes and yield of saffron (Crocus sativus L.) ecotypes. Iranian Journal of Crop Sciences, 19(4): 297-318. - Ghanbari, J., Khajoei-Nejad, G. and van Ruth, S.M., 2019a. Effect of saffron (Crocus sativus L.) corm provenance on its agro-morphological traits and bioactive compounds. Scientia Horticulturae, 256: 108605. - Ghanbari, J., Khajoei-Nejad, G., van Ruth, S.M. and Aghighi, S., 2019b. The possibility for improvement of flowering, corm properties, bioactive compounds, and antioxidant activity in saffron (Crocus sativus L.) by different nutritional regimes. Industrial Crops and Products, 135: 301-310. - Goli, S.A.H., Mokhtari, F. and Rahimmalek, M., 2012. Phenolic Compounds and Antioxidant Activity from Saffron (Crocus sativus L.) Petal. Journal of Agricultural Science, 4(10): 175-181. - Goupy, P., Vian, M.A., Chemat, F. and Caris-Veyrat, C., 2013. Identification and quantification of flavonols, anthocyanins and lutein diesters in tepals of Crocus sativus by ultra performance liquid chromatography coupled to diode array and ion trap mass spectrometry detections. Industrial Crops and Products, 44: 496-510. - Gresta, F., Lombardo, G.M., Siracusa, L. and Ruberto, G., 2008. Saffron, an alternative crop for sustainable agricultural systems: a review. Agronomy for Sustainable Development, 28: 95-112. - Gresta, F., Avola, G., Lombardo, G.M., Siracusa, L. and Ruberto, G., 2009. Analysis of flowering, stigmas yield and qualitative traits of saffron (Crocus sativus L.) as affected by environmental conditions. Scientia Horticulturae, 119: 320-324. - Kumar, R., Singh, V., Devi, K., Sharma, M., Singh, M.K. and Ahuja, P.S., 2009. State of art of saffron (Crocus sativus L.) agronomy: a comprehensive review. Food Reviews International, 25(1): 44-85. - Lage, M. and Cantrell, C.L., 2009. Quantification of saffron (Crocus sativus L.) metabolites crocins, picrocrocin and safranal for quality determination of the spice grown under different environmental Moroccan conditions. Scientia Horticulturae, 121: 366-373. - Lahmass, I., Lamkami, T., Delporte, C., Sikdar, S., Van Antwerpen, P., Saalaoui, E. and Megalizz, V., 2017. The waste of saffron crop, a cheap source of bioactive compounds. Journal of Functional Foods, 35: 341-351. - Melnyk, J.P., Wang, S. and Marcone, M.F., 2010. Chemical and biological properties of the world's most expensive spice: Saffron. Food Research International, 43: 1981-1989. - Moghaddam, M. and Mehdizadeh, L., 2015. Variability of total phenolic, flavonoid and rosmarinic acid content among Iranian basil accessions. LWT-Food Science and Technology, 63: 535-540. - Montoro, P., Tuberoso, C.I.G., Maldini, M., Cabras, P. and Pizza, C., 2008. Qualitative profile and quantitative determination of flavonoids from Crocus sativus L. Petals by LC-MS/MS. Natural Product Communications, 3: 2013-2016. - Parejo, I., Viladomat, F., Bastida, J., Rosas-Romero, A., Saavedra, G., Murcia, M.A., Jiménezd, A.M. and Codina, C., 2003. Investigation of Bolivian plant extracts for their radical scavenging activity and antioxidant activity. Life Sciences, 73: 1667-1681. - Peña-Cerda, M., Arancibia-Radich, J., Valenzuela-Bustamante, P., Pérez-Arancibia, R., Barriga, A., Seguel, I., García, L. and Delporte, C., 2017. Phenolic composition and antioxidant capacity of Ugni molinae Turcz. leaves of different genotypes. Food chemistry, 215: 219-227. - Pinelo, M., Rubilar, M., Sineiro, J. and Nunez, M.J., 2004. Extraction of antioxidant phenolics from almond hulls (Prunus amygdalus) and pine sawdust (Pinus pinaster). Food Chemistry, 85: 267-273. - Sánchez-Vioque, R., Rodriguez-Conde, M.F., Reina-Urena, J.V., Escolano-Tercero, M.A., Herraiz-Penalver, D. and Santana-Meridas, O., 2012. In vitro antioxidant and metal chelating properties of corm, tepal and leaf from saffron (Crocus sativus L.). Industrial Crops and Products, 39: 149-153. - Shahi, T., Assadpour, E. and Jafari, S.M., 2016. Main chemical compounds and pharmacological activities of stigmas and tepals of ‘red gold’; saffron. Trends in Food Science & Technology, 58: 69-78. - Siracusa, L., Gresta, F., Avola, G., Albertini, E., Raggi, L., Marconi, G., Lombardo G.M. and Ruberto, G., 2013. Agronomic, chemical and genetic variability of saffron (Crocus sativus L.) of different origin by LC-UV-vis-DAD and AFLP analyses. Genetic Resources and Crop Evolution, 60: 711-721. - Tohidi, B., Rahimmalek, M. and Arzani, A., 2017. Essential oil composition, total phenolic, flavonoid contents, and antioxidant activity of Thymus species collected from different regions of Iran. Food Chemistry, 220: 153-161. - Tuberoso, C.I.G., Rosa, A., Montoro, P., Fenu, M.A. and Pizza, C., 2016. Antioxidant activity, cytotoxic activity and metabolic profiling of juices obtained from saffron (Crocus sativus L.) floral by-products. Food Chemistry, 199: 18-27. - Vijender, K., Bhat, Z.A., Dinesh, K., Shah, M.Y., Chashoo, I.A. and Khan, N.A., 2011. Physicochemical and preliminary phytochemical studies on petals of Crocus sativus ‘Cashmerianus’. Pharmacognosy Journal, 3: 46-49. - Zeka, K., Ruparelia, K.C., Continenza, M.A., Stagos, D., Vegliò, F. and Arroo, R.R.J., 2015. Petals of Crocus sativus L. as a potential source of the antioxidants crocin and kaempferol. Fitoterapia, 107: 128-134 | ||
|
آمار تعداد مشاهده مقاله: 1,078 تعداد دریافت فایل اصل مقاله: 697 |
||