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بررسی اثر تراکم کاشت و کود شیمیایی بر ویژگی‌های کمّی وکیفی گیاه دارویی صنعتی گوار (Cyamopsis tetragonoloba L.) | ||
| تحقیقات گیاهان دارویی و معطر ایران | ||
| مقاله 6، دوره 35، شماره 3 - شماره پیاپی 95، مرداد و شهریور 1398، صفحه 408-423 اصل مقاله (330.77 K) | ||
| نوع مقاله: مقاله پژوهشی | ||
| شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.22092/ijmapr.2019.122662.2359 | ||
| نویسندگان | ||
| سید جلال الدین جزایری* 1؛ محسن موسوی نیک2؛ احمد قنبری3؛ بابک بحرینی نژاد4 | ||
| 1دانشجوی دکترای زراعت، گروه زراعت و اصلاح نباتات، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه زابل، زابل، ایران | ||
| 2دانشیار، گروه زراعت و اصلاح نباتات، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه زابل، زابل، ایران | ||
| 3استاد، گروه زراعت و اصلاح نباتات، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه زابل، زابل، ایران | ||
| 4استادیار، مرکز تحقیقات و آموزش کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی اصفهان، سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی، اصفهان، ایران | ||
| چکیده | ||
| شناسه دیجیتال (DOR): 98.1000/1735-0905.1398.35.408.95.3.1576.41 به‌منظور تعیین اثر کود شیمیایی و تراکم بوته بر ویژگی‌های کمّی و کیفی گیاه دارویی صنعتی گوار (Cyamopsis tetragonaloba L.) آزمایشی به‌صورت فاکتوریل در قالب طرح بلوک‌های کامل تصادفی در سه تکرار در دو سال زراعی 94-93 و 95-94 انجام گردید. کود شیمیایی به‌عنوان عامل اول در دو سطح (60، 70، 70) و (90، 100، 100) کیلوگرم در هکتار به‌ترتیب نیتروژن، فسفر و پتاس و عامل دوم سه تراکم 60، 75 و 90 بوته در مترمربع در نظر گرفته شد. نتایج نشان داد که در آزمایش سال اول سطوح کودی بر هیچ‌یک از صفات بجز عامل تورم معنی‌دار نشد. تراکم بر تعداد نیام در سطح 1% معنی‌دار گردید و بر دیگر صفات معنی‌دار نشد. اثر متقابل کود و تراکم بر میزان موسیلاژ معنی‌دار گردید. در آزمایش سال دوم کود بر زیست توده و موسیلاژ معنی‌دار شد و بر بقیه صفات معنی‌دار نشد. سطوح تراکم نیز بر زیست توده و تعداد نیام معنی‌دار شد و اثر متقابل کود و تراکم بر میزان موسیلاژ معنی‌دار و بر بقیه صفات غیرمعنی‌دار شد. مقایسه میانگین‌ها حکایت از افزایش زیست توده و دانه در سال دوم در هر دو عامل داشت. با کاهش تراکم، تعداد شاخه و به‌تبع آن تعداد نیام در بوته افزایش یافت که موجب افزایش عملکرد نیز شد. مقادیر پروتئین خام دانه در سال دوم افزایش نشان داد. میزان موسیلاژ دانه در سال دوم کاهش نشان داد. در این آزمایش میزان تورم دانه با میزان موسیلاژ همبستگی مثبت نداشت. با توجه به نتایج بدست‌آمده در این مطالعه و همچنین لگوم بودن گوار و امکان تأمین بخشی از نیاز تغذیه‌ای توسط خود گیاه، در صورتی که هدف تولید موسیلاژ باشد سطح کودی اول (60، 70، 70) و تراکم 60 بوته در مترمربع در شرایط مشابه با این تحقیق توصیه می‌گردد. | ||
| کلیدواژه‌ها | ||
| گوار (Cyamopsis tetragonaloba L.)؛ عملکرد بیولوژیک (زیست توده)؛ عملکرد دانه؛ لوبیای خوشه‌ای؛ لگوم؛ گیاه دارویی | ||
| عنوان مقاله [English] | ||
| Effects of planting density and chemical fertilizer on qualitative and quantitative characteristics of guar (Cyamopsis tetragonoloba L.), a medicinal-industrial plant | ||
| نویسندگان [English] | ||
| S.J. Jazayeri1؛ M. Mousavinick2؛ A. Ghanbari3؛ B. Bahreininejad4 | ||
| 1Ph.D. student, Department of Agronomy and Plant Breeding, Zabol University, Zabol, Iran | ||
| 2Department of Agronomy and Plant Breeding, Zabol University, Zabol, Iran | ||
| 3Department of Agronomy and Plant Breeding, Zabol University, Zabol, Iran | ||
| 4Isfahan Agricultural and Natural Resources Research and Education Center, Agricultural Research Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), Isfahan, Iran | ||
| چکیده [English] | ||
| In order to determine the effect of fertilizer and plant density on qualitative and quantitative characteristics of guar (Cyamopsis tetragonaloba L.), a medicinal-industrial plant, a factorial experiment was conducted in a randomized complete block design with three replications in 2015 and 2016 crop years. Fertilizer was considered as the first factor at two levels of 60-70-70 and 90-100-100 kg ha-1 nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium, respectively, and the second factor was planting density at three levels of 60, 75 and 90 plants per m2. The results showed that in the first year, the effect of fertilizer treatment levels was not significant on the traits studied except seed swelling trait. Planting density affected the number of pods significantly (1%), but had no significant effect on other traits. The interaction of fertilizer and plant density was significant on mucilage production. In the second year, the effect of fertilizer was significant only on biomass and mucilage production. Also, the effect of planting density was significant on biomass and the number of pods, and the interaction of fertilizer and planting density was significant only on the amount of mucilage. The mean comparison indicated the increase in biomass and seed yield in the second year in both factors. By reducing the plant density, the number of branches and pods per plant increased, which increased the yield. In the second year, the amount of crude protein and seed mucilage increased and decreased, respectively. In this study, the amount of seed swelling was not positively correlated with the mucilage amount. Regarding the results of the present study, as well as guar as a legume, and the possibility of supplying part of the plant nutritional needs by the plant itself, if the purpose is mucilage production, the 60-70-70 fertilizer treatment and 60 plants per m2 are recommended under similar conditions to this research. | ||
| کلیدواژه‌ها [English] | ||
| Cyamopsis tetragonoloba L, biological yield (biomass), seed yield, cluster bean, legume, medicinal plant | ||
| مراجع | ||
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