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ارزیابی تغییرات عملکرد کمّی و کیفی اسانس رازیانه (Foeniculum vulgare Mill.) در شرایط تنش شوری | ||
| تحقیقات گیاهان دارویی و معطر ایران | ||
| مقاله 3، دوره 35، شماره 3 - شماره پیاپی 95، مرداد و شهریور 1398، صفحه 367-380 اصل مقاله (287.4 K) | ||
| نوع مقاله: مقاله پژوهشی | ||
| شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.22092/ijmapr.2019.121434.2298 | ||
| نویسندگان | ||
| لیلی صفایی* 1؛ حسین زینلی2؛ داوود افیونی3 | ||
| 1مربی پژوهش، بخش تحقیقات منابع طبیعی، مرکز تحقیقات و آموزش کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی استان اصفهان، سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی، اصفهان، ایران | ||
| 2دانشیار، بخش تحقیقات منابع طبیعی، مرکز تحقیقات و آموزش کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی استان اصفهان، سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی، اصفهان، ایران | ||
| 3استادیار، بخش تحقیقات علوم زراعی- باغی، مرکز تحقیقات و آموزش کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی استان اصفهان، سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی، اصفهان، ایران | ||
| چکیده | ||
| شناسه دیجیتال (DOR): 98.1000/1735-0905.1398.35.367.95.3.1575.1610 به‌منظور بررسی اثر شوری آب آبیاری بر عملکرد کمّی و کیفی اسانس رازیانه (Foeniculum vulgare Mill.)، آزمایشی به‌صورت کرتهای یک‌بار خرد شده در قالب طرح بلوک کامل تصادفی در سه تکرار در شرایط زراعی انجام شد. تیمارهای آزمایشی چهار ژنوتیپ رازیانه شامل دو رقم P11-820065 آلمانی و 11486 اروپایی و دو ژنوتیپ بومی همدان و لرستان بودند. تیمارهای شوری آب آبیاری نیز شامل سه سطح 2 (شاهد)، 5 و 8 دسی‌زیمنس بر متر بود. برای استخراج اسانس از دستگاه کلونجر استفاده شد. نتایج نشان داد که شوری بر کلیه صفات به استثناء آلفا-پینن، میرسن و درصد اسانس معنیدار بود. ژنوتیپها نیز از نظر آنتول، آلفا-فلاندرن، گاما-ترپینن، درصد و عملکرد اسانس تفاوت معنیداری نشان ندادند. برهم‌کنش ژنوتیپ در شوری بر کلیه صفات اثر معنیداری داشت. ژنوتیپ P11-820065 بیشترین درصد اسانس (3.90%)، عملکرد اسانس (91.41 کیلوگرم در هکتار) و عملکرد خشک بذر (2359.7 کیلوگرم در هکتار) را در سطح شوری شاهد دارا بود، ولی با افزایش سطح شوری روند کاهش عملکرد بذر و اسانس در ژنوتیپهای غیربومی با شیب تندتری نسبت به ژنوتیپهای بومی بود. میزان آنتول به‌عنوان مهمترین ترکیب رازیانه نیز تا شوری 5 دسی‌زیمنس بر متر افزایش و بعد کاهش نشان داد که روند تغییرات آن عکس میزان اسانس بود. براساس نتایج این تحقیق، در شرایط شوری آب آبیاری ژنوتیپهای بومی به علت تحمل بیشترشان نسبت به استرس شوری، از بازده اقتصادی بالاتری برخوردار بودند. شوری آب بر نوع مواد تشکیل‌دهنده اسانس بی‌تأثیر بود و تنها مقادیر این ترکیب‌ها تحت تأثیر آن قرار گرفت. | ||
| کلیدواژه‌ها | ||
| اسانس؛ شوری؛ رازیانه (Foeniculum vulgare Mill.)؛ بذر | ||
| عنوان مقاله [English] | ||
| Qualitative and quantitative changes in essential oil of fennel (Foeniculum vulgare Mill.) under salinity stress | ||
| نویسندگان [English] | ||
| L. Safaei1؛ H. Zeinali2؛ D. Afiuni3 | ||
| 1Research Division of Natural Resources, Isfahan Agricultural and Natural Resources Research and Education Center (AREEO), Isfahan, Iran | ||
| 2Research Division of Natural Resources, Isfahan Agricultural and Natural Resources Research and Education Center (AREEO), Isfahan, Iran | ||
| 3Horticulture Crops Research Department, Isfahan Agricultural and Natural Resources Research and Education Center (AREEO), Isfahan, Iran | ||
| چکیده [English] | ||
| In order to study the effect of irrigation water salinity on the quantity and quality of fennel (Foeniculum vulgare Mill.) oil, and seed production, a field experiment was conducted in a split-plot based on randomized complete block design with three replications. The experimental treatments included fennel genotype at four levels (German P11-820065, European 11486, and two indigenous genotypes including Lorestan and Hamedan) and water salinity at three levels (2 (control), 5, and 8 dS/m). The results showed that the effect of salinity was significant on all traits except α-pinene, myrcene, and essential oil percentage. Genotypes showed no significant difference in anethole, α-phellandrene, γ-terpinene, percentage, and essential oil yield. The interaction of salinity× genotype had a significant effect on all traits. Genotype P11-820065 had the highest essential oil percentage (3.90%) and yield (91.41 kg ha-1), and seed dry yield (2359.7 kg ha-1) between genotypes at control salinity level. With increasing salinity level, the seed and essential oil yield in non-indigenous genotypes decreased by a slope more than that of indigenous genotypes. Moreover, the content of anethole as the most important essential oil component of fennel increased to 5 dS/m salinity and then decreased. Based on the results of this study, under irrigation water salinity conditions, indigenous genotypes had higher economic efficiency due to their higher resistance to salinity stress. Water salinity affected only the content of essential oil components, but had no effect on its composition. | ||
| کلیدواژه‌ها [English] | ||
| Essential oil, salinity, fennel (Foeniculum vulgare Mill.), seed | ||
| مراجع | ||
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