| تعداد نشریات | 282 |
| تعداد نشریات سازمان | 80 |
| تعداد شماره‌ها | 3,251 |
| تعداد مقالات | 35,917 |
| تعداد مشاهده مقاله | 54,574,485 |
| تعداد دریافت فایل اصل مقاله | 93,695,726 |
تأثیر سایه‌انداز چهار گیاه مرتعی بر برخی پارامترهای کیفیت خاک | ||
| تحقیقات مرتع و بیابان ایران | ||
| مقاله 13، دوره 26، شماره 2، تیر 1398، صفحه 400-411 اصل مقاله (1.03 M) | ||
| نوع مقاله: مقاله پژوهشی | ||
| شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.22092/ijrdr.2019.119361 | ||
| نویسندگان | ||
| زینب کخا1؛ ناصر برومند* 2؛ جواد زمانی بابگهری3 | ||
| 1دانش آموخته کارشناسی ارشد علوم خاک، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه جیرفت، ایران | ||
| 2دانشیار گروه علوم خاک، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه باهنر کرمان، ایران | ||
| 3استادیار، گروه علوم خاک، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه جیرفت، کرمان، ایران | ||
| چکیده | ||
| پوشش گیاهی مهم‌ترین عامل تاثیرگذار بر پایداری و تعادل اکوسیستم‌ها می‌باشد؛ بنابراین شناخت عواملی که باعث استقرار و پراکنش جوامع گیاهی می‌شوند و نیز تأثیر جوامع گیاهی بر ویژگی‌های اکوسیستم دارای اهمیت بالایی می‌باشد. هدف از این تحقیق بررسی تأثیر سایه‌انداز چهار گونه گیاه مرتعی کرقیچ (Hertia angustifolia (DC.) Kuntze)، مخلصه (Pyrethrum roseum)، گون سفید (Astragalus gossypinus Fischer.) و درمنه (Artemisia sieberi Besser) بر ویژگی‌های کیفی خاک بود. بدین منظور تحقیق حاضر در منطقه ساردوئیه شهرستان جیرفت انجام شد. نمونه‌برداری به صورت بلوک کاملاً تصادفی در قالب آزمون فاکتوریل انجام شد. نمونه‌برداری در سه نقطه از یک مرتع، در دو بخش از گیاه یعنی پای بوته تا لبه تاج پوشش و خارج از تاج پوشش در سه تکرار و تا عمق 30 سانتی‌متری از سطح برداشت شد که در مجموعه 72 نمونه گرفته شد. فاکتورهای مورد بررسی شامل آهک، شوری (EC)، بافت خاک (شن، سیلت، رس)، تنفس میکروبی، pH، مقدار کربن آلی و آبگریزی خاک بودند. نتایج نشان داد کربن آلی، شوری و آبگریزی، در زیر سایه‌انداز به طور معنی‌داری بیشتر از خارج سایه‌انداز گیاهان مورد مطالعه بود (p<0/05). افزایش مقدار کربن آلی در زیر پوشش گیاهی می‌تواند به علت ریزش‌های برگی و همچنین تأثیر محیط ریزوسفر و در نتیجه افزایش تنفس و تجزیه میکروبی و متعاقب آن باعث تجمع بیشتر املاح و شوری بیشتر خاک باشد. از طرفی، به نظر می‌رسد که افزایش مقدار ماده آلی، موجب افزایش معنی‌دار آبگریزی خاک در زیر سایه‌انداز در مقایسه با خارج از آن شده است. کمتر بودن ذرات سیلت به عنوان حساس‌ترین جزء خاک به فرسایش و نیز زیاد بودن ذرات شن در خارج از سایه‌انداز در مقایسه با داخل آن می‌تواند ناشی از بیشتر بودن فرسایش بارانی به ویژه فرسایش ورقه‌ای در خارج از سایه‌انداز گیاهی باشد و به بیان دیگر می‌تواند نشان دهنده نقش مثبت آسمانه گیاه در پایداری بیشتر اکوسیستم خاک باشد. | ||
| کلیدواژه‌ها | ||
| آسمانه گیاه؛ کیفیت خاک؛ ویژگی‌های فیزیکوشیمیایی خاک؛ پایداری اکوسیستم؛ آبگریزی | ||
| عنوان مقاله [English] | ||
| The effect of canopy covers of four rangeland plants on some soil quality indices | ||
| نویسندگان [English] | ||
| Zeynab Kekha1؛ Naser Boroumand2؛ Javad Zamani Babgohari3 | ||
| 1Former M.Sc. Student in Soil Science, University of Jiroft, Kerman, Iran | ||
| 2Associate Professor, Department of Soil Science, Faculty of Agricultural, Shahid Bahonar University of Kerman, Iran, | ||
| 3Assistant Professor, Department of Soil Science, Faculty of Agricultural, University of Jiroft, Kerman, Iran | ||
| چکیده [English] | ||
| Vegetation is the most important factor affecting the stability of ecosystems. Therefore, the study of the factors causing the establishment and distribution of plants as well as the effect of plant species on the characteristics of ecosystem is important. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the effect of canopy cover of four rangeland plants (Hertia angustifolia (DC.) Kuntze, Pyrethrum roseum, Astragalus gossypinus Fischer. and Artemisia sieberi Besser) on some of soil quality indices. Thus, this study was conducted in a rangeland of Sardoie – Jiroft. Soil sampling was carried out in three parts of this rangeland in- and out of the plants (depth < 30cm), and calcium carbonate equivalent (CCE), salinity (EC), acidity (pH), soil texture (sand, silt, clay), microbial respiration (MR), organic carbon content (OC), and water repellency of the soils were measured. The results showed that OC, EC, CCE, and water repellency in-side the plant canopy were significantly higher than those out-side the plant canopy (P<0.05). Also, more OC in-side the plant canopy and their decomposition could cause more microbial respiration as well as more salinity and more water repellency. The results also showed that the amount of silt as the most sensitive particle to erosion out-side plants was less than in-side but it was opposite for sand particles that it may show more water erosion in the bare land, especially sheet erosion, indicating the positive effect of plant canopy on the stability of soil. | ||
| کلیدواژه‌ها [English] | ||
| Plant canopy, soil quality, soil physicochemical properties, ecosystem sustainability, repellency | ||
| مراجع | ||
|
-Alef, K., 1995. Soil Respiration: 214-216. In: Alef, K. and P. Nannipieri (Eds), Methods in Applided Soil Microbiology and Biochemistry, London: Harcoutr Brace and Company Publishers. -Andrenelli, M., Fiori, C. V. and Pellegrini, S., 2013. Soil particle-size analysis up to 250 μm by X-ray granulometer: Device set-up and regressions for data conversion into pipette-equivalent values. Journal of Geoderma, 192: 380–393. -Ashraf Zadeh, M., Erfanzadeh, R. and Hoseini Kahnooj, S.H., 2015. Effect of soil chemical properties on forage quality in dry rangeland in south of Fars province. Iranian journal of Range and Desert Research, 22(2): 381-391. -Bachmann, J., Horton, R. and Van der Ploeg, R.R., 2001. Isothermal and nonisothermal evaporetion from four sandy soils of different water repellency. Soil Science Society of America Journal, 64, 1599-1607. -Beyrami, H., Neyshabouri, M.R., Abbasi, F. and Nazemi, A., 2015. Effects of Soil Water Repellency on Soil Moisture Retention Curve and S-Index in Two Soils with Different Textures. Journal of Water and Soil Science, 25(1-4): 17-26. -Blas, E. D., Alleres, M. R. and Almendros, G., 2010. Speciation of lipid and humic fractions in soils under pine and eucalyptus forest in northwest Spain and its effect on water repellency. Journal of Geoderma, 155: 242–248. -Cuesta, B., Rey Benayas, J. M., Gallardo, A., Villar-Salvador, P. and González-Espinos, M., 2012. Soil chemical properties in abandoned Mediterranean cropland after succession and oak reforestation. Journal of Acta Oecologica, 38: 58-65. -DeBano, L. F., 2000. Water repellency in soils: a historical overview. Journal of Hydrology, 231–232: 4–32. -FalahShojaie, J., 2005. The effect of some species of Acacia plant on physicochemical properties of soil in Garbagegan Plain of Fasa (Master's thesis). College of Agriculture, University of Shiraz. -Farley, K. A., Pineiro, G., Palmer, S. M., Jobbágy, E. G. and Jackson, R. B., 2008. Stream acidification and base cation losses with grassland afforestation. Journal of Water Resources Research, 44: W00A03. -Finzi, A. D., Canhom, C. D. and Breemen, N. V., 1998. Canopy tree-soil interaction within temperate forests: species effect on pH and cations. Journal of Ecological Applications, 8(2): 447-454. -Franco, C. M. M., Clarke, P. J., Tate, M. E. and Oades, J. M., 2000. Hydrophobic properties and chemical characterisation of natural water repellent materials in Australian sands. Journal of Hydrology, 231/232. 47-58. -Frost, W. E. and Edinger, S. B., 1991. Effects of Tree canopies on soil characteristics of annual rangeland. Journal of Range Management, 44(3): 286-288. -Gavili Kilaneh, E. and Vahabi, M. R., 2012. The Effect of Some Soil Characteristics on range vegetation distribution in central Zagros, Iran. Journal of Water and Soil Science, 16(59): 245-258. -Gregorich, E. G., Beare, M. H., McKim, U. F. and Skjemstad, J. O., 2006. Chemical and biological characteristics of physically uncomplexed organic matter. Science Society of America Journal, 70: 975-985. -Hallett, P. D. and Young, I. M., 1999. Changes to water repellence of soil aggregates caused by substrate-induced microbial activity. European Journal of Soil Science, 50: 35- 40. -Halvarson, J. and Smith, J., 1997. The pattern of soil variables related to Artemisia tridentata in a burned Shrub-Steppe Site. Soil Science Society of America Journal, 61:287-294. -Hussen, A. A. and Warrick. A. W., 1995. Tension infiltrometers for the measurement of vadose zone hydraulic properties. 189-201. In: Wilson, L. G. L. G. Evertt and S. J. Cullen (Eds), Hanbook of vadose Zone Charactorization and Monitoring. Lewis Publishhers, CRC Press. Boca Raton, Florid. -Jong, L. W., Jacobsen, O. H. and Moldrup, P., 1999. Soil Water repellency: effects of water content, temperature, and particle size. Soil Science Society of America Journal, 63: 437-442. -Karamian, M. and Hosseini, V., 2016. Effect of trees canopy and topography on some chemical properties of forest soil (Case Study: The forest of Ilam province, Dalab). Journal of Natural Ecosystems of Iran, 7(1): 81-97 (In Persian). -Kazemi, S. M., Karimzadeh, H. R., Tarkesh Esfahani, M. and Bashari, H., 2018. Effects of long-term exclosure and rest-rotation grazing system on some soil physicochemical properties in semi-arid rangelands (Case study: semi-steppe rangelands of Hamzavi research station, Semirom of Isfahan). Iranian journal of Range and Desert Research, 22(3): 536-546. -Kieft, T. L., 1994. Grazing and plant-canopy effects on semiarid soil microbial biomass and respiration. Journal of Biology and Fertility of Soils, 18(2): 155–162. -Lichner, L., Orfanus, T. and Novakova, K., 2007. The impact of vegetation on hydraulic conductivity of sandy soil. Soil and Water Research, 2 (2): 59-66. -Mirbabaei, M., Shabanpour, M. and Zolfaghari, A. A., 2014. An investigation of the occurrence and intensity of soil water repellency in Talesh Forest Sites, Guilan Province. Iranian Journal of Soil and Water Research, 44(2): 163-172 . -Morgan, R. P. C., 2005. Soil Erosion and Conservation. Blackwell Pub., MA, USA, 304p. -Mugunga, C. P. and Mugumo, D. T., 2013. Acacia sieberiana effects on soil properties and plant diversity in Songa pastures, Rwanda. International Journal of Biodiversity. Article ID 237525.11 pages. -Murphy, D. V., Cookson, W. R., Braimbridge, M., Marschner, P., Jones, D. L., Stockdale, E. A. and Abbott, L. K., 2011. Relationships between soil organic matter and the soil microbial biomass (size, functional diversity, and community structure) in crop and pasture systems in a semi-arid environment. Journal of Soil Research, 49: 582–594. -Najafi Ghiri, M., Mahmoudi, A. R., Askari, S. H. and Farokhnejad, E., 2018. Soil-plant interaction in salt marsh of Korsia region, Darab, southeastern of Fars province. Iranian journal of Range and Desert Research, 25(1): 170-182. -Naseri, S., Adibi, M. A., Javadi, S. A., Jafari, M. and Zadbar, M., 2012. Investigation of the effect of biological stabilization practice on some soil parameters (North East of Iran). Journal of Rangeland Science, 2(4): 643-653. -Nelson, D. W. and Sommers, L. E., 1982. Total carbon, organic carbon, and organic matter: 539-579. In: Page, A. L. (Ed), Methods of Soil. Analysis. Part 2. Chemical and Microbiological Properties, second ed. Agronomy Monographs, 9. ASA-SSA, Madison, WI. -Nourmahnad, N., Tabatabaei, S. H., Nouri Emamzadehei, M. R., Ghorbani Dashtaki, Sh. and Hoshmand, A. R., 2015. Effect of urban sewage sludge application on soil water repellency and water retention curve. Journal of Water and Soil Science (Agricultural Science), 25(3): 75-90. -Regalado, C. M. and Ritter, A., 2005. Characterizing water dependent soil repellency with minimal parameter requirement. Soil Science Society of America Journal, 69: 1955-1966. -SAS Institute Inc. 2005. SAS/Genetics TM 9. 1. 3 Users Guide. Cary, NC: SAS institute Inc. -Sharma, P., Rai, S.C., Sharma, R. and Sharma, E., 2004. Effects of land use change on soil microbial C, N, and P in a Himalayan watershed. Pedobiologia, 48: 83-92. -Soil Survey Staff. 1999. Soil taxonomy: A basic system of soil classification for making and interpreting soil surveys. USDA-NRCS. Agric. Handb. 436. 2nd ed. U.S. Govt. Print. Office. Washington. DC. -Tillman, R.W., Scotter, D.R., Wallis, M.G. and Clothier, B.E., 1989. Water repllency and its measurement by using intrinsic sorptivity. Australian Journal of Soil Research, 27(4): 637-644. -Urbanek, E., Hallett, P., Feeney, D. and Horn, R., 2007. Water repellency and distribution of hydrophobic compounds in soil aggregates from different tillage system. Journal of Geoderma, 140(1-2): 147-155. -White, I. and Sully, M., 1987. Macroscopic and microscopic capillare length and time scales from field infiltration. Journal of Water Resources Research, 23(8): 1514-1522. -Zare, M. A., 2012. Impact of four plant species on soil properties in poshtkouh rangelands of Yazd province (Iran). International journal of plant research, 25(2):237-242. -Zolfaghari, A. A. and Hajabbasi, M.A., 2008. The effects of land use change on physical properties and water repellency of soils in Lordegan forest and Freidunshar pasture. Journal of Water and Soil, 22(2): 251-262. | ||
|
آمار تعداد مشاهده مقاله: 728 تعداد دریافت فایل اصل مقاله: 541 |
||