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تأثیر دما روی پراسنجه های جدول زندگی (Aphidius matricariae (Hym.: Braconidae، پارازیتـــــــوئید مهم شته کاهو، (Nasonovia ribisnigri (Hem.: Aphididae | ||
| نامه انجمن حشره شناسی ایران | ||
| مقاله 1، دوره 38، شماره 4 - شماره پیاپی 76، اسفند 1397، صفحه 365-375 اصل مقاله (1.23 M) | ||
| نوع مقاله: مقاله کامل، انگلیسی | ||
| شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.22117/jesi.2019.123448.1262 | ||
| نویسندگان | ||
| افروز فارسی* ؛ فرحان کچیلی؛ محمدسعید مصدق؛ آرش راسخ | ||
| گروه گیاه پزشکی، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه شهید چمران اهواز | ||
| چکیده | ||
| تأثیر دما روی پراسنجه های جدول زیستی پارازیتوئید Aphidius matricariae Haliday، روی شتة کاهو Nasonovia ribisnigri Mosely، در 5 دمای 15، 20، 22، 25 و 1±27 درجة سلسیوس، رطوبت نسبی 5±65 درصد و دوره نوری 16 ساعت روشنایی و 8 ساعت تاریکی بررسی شد. پراسنجه های جدول زیستی بر اساس روش جدول زندگی سن- مرحله رشدی، دو جنسی برآورد شدند. علاوه بر این، به منظور برآورد واریانس، میانگین و خطای معیار پراسنجه های جمعیت از روش بوت استرپ استفاده شد. تمام پراسنجههای برآورد شده به مقدار قابل ملاحظه ای تحت تأثیر دما قرار گرفتند. در دمای 27 درجة سلسیوس، پورههای N. ribisnigri نتوانستند بر روی برگ ها مستقر شوند و بقا داشته باشند. بنابراین هیچگونه مومیایی تشکیل نشد. افزایش دما سبب کاهش طول دوره رشدی پیش از بلوغ پارازیتوئید از 21/21 روز (15 درجة سلسیوس) به 19/11 روز (25 درجة سلسیوس) شد. طول دوره تخمریزی به ترتیب در دماهای 15، 20، 22 و 25 درجة سلسیوس 12/0±21/15، 10/0±47/9، 05/0±91/5 و 09/0±6/5 روز بود. بهطور مشابه، در دماهای ذکر شده، تعداد مومیاییها به طور میانگین 6/12±74/249، 8/12±72/192، 2/6±15/105 و 0/7 ±3/102 شمارش شدند. بیشترین نرخ ذاتی افزایش جمعیت (r) و بیشترین نرخ متناهی افزایش جمعیت (λ) بهترتیب 251/0 و 285/1 (روز-1) در دمای 20 درجة سلسیوس بهدست آمد. اگرچه در میزان پراسنجههای نرخ ذاتی افزایش جمعیت و نرخ متناهی افزایش جمعیت دماهای 20، 22 و 25 درجة سلسیوس، اختلاف معنیداری مشاهده نشد. همچنین بیشترین نرخ خالص تولیدمثل (R0) 06/123 (نتاج/ فرد) و کوتاه‌ترین طول دوره یک نسل جمعیت (T) (98/13 روز) به ترتیب در دماهای 15 و 25 درجة سلسیوس مشاهده شد. بر اساس نتایج بدست آمده، به نظر میرسد، دامنة دمایی 20-25 درجة سلسیوس به عنوان دمای مناسبی به منظور کنترل زیستی شته کاهو با استفاده از زنبور A. matricariae باشد. | ||
| کلیدواژه‌ها | ||
| Aphidius matricariae؛ Nasonovia ribisnigri؛ دموگرافی؛ بقا؛ دما | ||
| عنوان مقاله [English] | ||
| Temperature-dependent life table parameters of Aphidius matricariae (Hym.: Braconidae), an important parasitoid of the currant lettuce aphid, Nasonovia ribisnigri (Hem.: Aphididae) | ||
| نویسندگان [English] | ||
| A. Farsi؛ F. Kocheili؛ M. S. Mossadegh؛ A. Rasekh | ||
| Department of Plant Protection, College of Agriculture, Shahid Chamran University | ||
| چکیده [English] | ||
| The effects of temperature on demographic parameters of the aphid parasitoid, Aphidius matricariae (Haliday), on lettuce aphid, Nasonovia ribisnigri Mosely, were studied at five constant temperatures, 15, 20, 22, 25 and 27 ± 1°C, 65 ± 5% RH and a photoperiod of 16L: 8D h. The life table parameters were estimated using age-stage, two-sex life table procedure. Moreover, the bootstrap method was used for estimating variance, mean and standard error of the population growth parameters, at studied temperatures. All estimated parameters were considerably affected by temperature. Accordingly, nymphs of N. ribisnigri could not settle and survive on the leaves at 27°C. Thus, mummies were not formed. Developmental time of the parasitoid wasp decreased with increasing temperature from 21.21 days at 15°C to 11.19 days at 25°C. The oviposition periods were 15.21±0.12, 9.47±0.10, 5.91±0.05 and 5.6±0.09 days at the temperatures of 15, 20, 22 and 25°C. Similarly, average number of mummies was 249.74±12.6, 192.72±12.8, 105.15±6.2 and 102.3±7.0, at the mentioned temperatures, respectively. The highest intrinsic rate of increase (r) and finite rate of increase (λ) were estimated to be 0.251 and 1.285 (d–1) at 20°C, respectively. However, there was no significant difference among the estimated values regarding intrinsic rate of increase and finite rate of increase at the temperatures of 20, 22 and 25°C. The highest value of net reproductive rate (R0) was 123.06 offspring/individual) at 15°C and the shortest mean generation time (T) was 13.98 (day) at 25°C. According to the obtained results, the temperatures 20-25°C, can be considered as optimal temperature range for the biological control of the currant lettuce aphid by using A. matricariae. | ||
| کلیدواژه‌ها [English] | ||
| Aphidius matricariae, Nasonovia ribisnigri, demography, survival, temperature | ||
| مراجع | ||
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