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ارزش غذایی سیلاژ علوفه تاج‌خروس (رقم Maria) در مقایسه با سیلاژ ذرت | ||
| علوم دامی | ||
| مقاله 23، دوره 31، شماره 121، اسفند 1397، صفحه 303-316 اصل مقاله (1.09 M) | ||
| نوع مقاله: مقاله پژوهشی | ||
| شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.22092/asj.2018.121504.1682 | ||
| نویسندگان | ||
| حسین شادی1؛ یوسف روزبهان* 2؛ جواد رضائی3؛ حسن فضائلی4 | ||
| 1دانشجوی کارشناسی ارشد، گروه علوم دامی، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه تربیت مدرس، تهران | ||
| 2دانشیار گروه علوم دامی، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه تربیت مدرس، تهران | ||
| 3استادیار گروه علوم دامی، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه تربیت مدرس، تهران | ||
| 4استاد مؤسسه تحقیقات علوم دامی کشور، سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی،کرج | ||
| چکیده | ||
| گیاه تاج‌خروس رقم ماریا و ذرت علوفه‌ای هرکدام در 5 تکرار در ظرف‌های پلاستیکی برای 60 روز سیلو شدند. ترکیب شیمیایی، اسید اگزالیک، نیترات و ترکیبات فنولی نمونه‌ها تعیین شد. تخمیرپذیری برون‌تنی و انرژی قابل متابولیسم با روش آزمون گاز، و تجزیهپذیری با استفاده از کیسه‌های نایلونی در سه رأس قوچ فیستوله‌دار اندازه‌گیری شد. پروتئین خام در علوفه تازه ذرت و تاج‌خروس به‌ترتیب 80 و 199، و در سیلاژ آن‌ها به ترتیب 75 و180 گرم در کیلوگرم ماده خشک بود، که نشان‌دهنده پروتئین خام بیشتر (05/0P<) در علوفه و سیلاژ تاج‌خروس نسبت به ذرت است. ذرت علوفه‌ای نسبت به تاج‌خروس مقادیر بیشتری ماده خشک، کربوهیدرات‌های محلول در آب و NDFom داشت، در حالی که خاکستر خام در تاج‌خروس زیادتر بود (05/0P<). مقدار pH در سیلاژ ذرت و تاج‌خروس به ترتیب 8/3 و 1/4 بود (05/0P<). غلظت نیترات، اسید اگزالیک، مجموع ترکیبات فنلی و کل تانن در سیلاژ ذرت کمتر از سیلاژ تاج‌خروس بود (05/0P<). قابلیت هضم ماده آلی، انرژی قابل متابولیسم و تجزیهپذیری مؤثر در سیلاژ تاج‌خروس کمتر از سیلاژ ذرت بود (05/0P<)، اما تولید پروتئین میکروبی و پروتئین قابل متابولیسم در سیلاژ تاج‌خروس بیشتر (05/0P<) بود. به‌طور کلی، گیاه تاج‌خروس رقم ماریا از نظر ترکیب مواد مغذی و فراسنجه‌های تخمیرپذیری با ذرت علوفه‌ای قابل مقایسه بوده، و دارای پروتئین خام بیشتری است. تاج‌خروس می‌تواند سیلاژ مناسبی برای تغذیه دام در مناطق کم‌آب باشد. | ||
| کلیدواژه‌ها | ||
| تاج‌خروس؛ سیلاژ؛ تخمیر برون‌تنی؛ تجزیهپذیری شکمبهای | ||
| عنوان مقاله [English] | ||
| Nutritive value of amaranth (var. Maria) silage in comparison with corn silage | ||
| نویسندگان [English] | ||
| Hossein Shadi1؛ Yousef Rouzbehan2؛ Javad Rezaei3؛ Hasan Fazaeli4 | ||
| 1MSc Student, Animal Science Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran. | ||
| 2Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran | ||
| 3Faculty member, Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Tarbiat Modares University | ||
| 4Academic Stuff, Animal Science Research Institute of Iran, Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), Karaj. | ||
| چکیده [English] | ||
| Forage amaranth (var. Maria) and corn were ensiled in plastic bags, for a period of 60 days, with 5 replicates. Chemical composition, oxalic acid, nitrate and phenolic compounds of the samples were measured. In vitro ruminal fermentation and ME were determined using a gas production method, and in situ degradability by nylon bags using 3 fistulated rams. Crude protein were 80 and 199 g/kg DM for fresh corn and amaranth, and 75 and 180 g/kg DM for ensiled corn and amaranth, respectively, which indicate higher (P<0.05) protein in fresh and ensiled amaranth compared with corn. Forage corn was contained higher DM, WSC and NDFom in comparison with amaranth, while ash was greater in amaranth (P<0.05). The pH of corn and amaranth silages was 3.8 and 4.1, respectively. The amounts of nitrate, oxalic acid, total phenolics and total tannin in corn silage were lower than amaranth silage (P<0.05). In vitro organic matter digestibility, ME and effective degradability of ensiled amaranth were lower (P<0.05) than those in corn silage, but microbial protein and metabolizable protein were greater (P<0.05) in amaranth silage. Overall, nutrients composition and fermentability parameters of amaranth (var. Maria) were comparable to corn silage, with higher crude protein content. Amaranth can be preserved as a valuable silage to feed ruminants in arid area. | ||
| کلیدواژه‌ها [English] | ||
| amaranth, silage, in vitro fermentation, ruminal degradability | ||
| مراجع | ||
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