| تعداد نشریات | 282 |
| تعداد نشریات سازمان | 80 |
| تعداد شماره‌ها | 3,251 |
| تعداد مقالات | 35,918 |
| تعداد مشاهده مقاله | 54,590,866 |
| تعداد دریافت فایل اصل مقاله | 93,702,264 |
بررسی غلظت اسید پروسیک و نیترات در 18 رقم سورگوم علوفه‌ای | ||
| علوم دامی | ||
| مقاله 16، دوره 31، شماره 121، اسفند 1397، صفحه 205-218 اصل مقاله (1.11 M) | ||
| نوع مقاله: مقاله پژوهشی | ||
| شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.22092/asj.2018.116159.1564 | ||
| نویسندگان | ||
| مهدی امیرصادقی* 1؛ حسین غلامی1؛ حسن فضائلی2؛ علیرضا کوچکی3 | ||
| 1استادیار پژوهشی موسسه تحقیقات علوم دامی کشور، سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی، کرج، ایران | ||
| 2استاد پژوهشی موسسه تحقیقات علوم دامی کشور، سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی، کرج، ایران | ||
| 3کارشناس ارشد موسسه تحقیقات علوم دامی کشور، سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی، کرج، ایران | ||
| چکیده | ||
| هدف از این تحقیق، تعیین غلظت مواد ضدتغذیه‌ای اسید پروسیک و نیترات در 18 رقم سورگوم علوفه‌ای و پیش‌بینی خطرات احتمالی در صورت مصرف آن‌ها در جیره دام می‌باشد. ارقام سورگوم شامل چهار رقم داخلی: پگاه، اسپید فید و سورگوم کرج با کدهای KFS-2 و KFS-18 و 14 رقم وارداتی با کدهای: CSSH.1، FGCSI09، FS 1 BMR، JS BMR SSH.1، JS BMR SSH.2، T، SK، PHFS-27، PFS-21، FGCSI10، SP BMR ،HFS1، FGCSI12 و JS 2 بودند. تمام این ارقام در مزرعه مؤسسه تحقیقات اصلاح و تهیه نهال و بذر، در شرایط یکسان از نظر برنامه آبیاری، کوددهی، میزان نور و دما کشت شدند و در مرحله گل‌دهی از آن‌ها نمونه‌برداری شد و غلظت اسید پروسیک و نیترات آن‌ها تعیین گردید. نتایج به دست آمده برای ارقام مختلف سورگوم با یکدیگر مقایسه گردید و تجزیه و تحلیل آماری داده‌ها با روش تجزیه واریانس یک طرفه انجام شد. بیش‌ترین غلظت اسید پروسیک در ارقام FS 1 BMR (481 میلی‌گرم در کیلوگرم ماده خشک)، PHFS-27(408 میلی‌گرم در کیلوگرم ماده خشک) و FGCSI10 (381 میلی‌گرم در کیلوگرم ماده خشک) و بیش‌ترین غلظت نیترات نیز به ترتیب در ارقام JS 2 ( 2416 میلی‌گرم در کیلوگرم ماده خشک) ،JS BMR SSH.1 (2088 میلی‌گرم در کیلوگرم ماده خشک) مشاهده شد. در مقایسه بین غلظت مواد ضد تغذیه‌ای به دست آمده در این 18 رقم سورگوم علوفه‌ای با جداول تعیین سطح خطر مواد ضد تغذیه‌ای، مشخص شد که غلظت مواد ضد تغذیه‌ای در تمامی این ارقام از سطح خطرناک برای مصرف دام پایین‌تر است. | ||
| کلیدواژه‌ها | ||
| اسید پروسیک؛ رقم؛ سورگوم علوفه‌ای؛ مواد ضد تغذیه‌ای؛ نیترات | ||
| عنوان مقاله [English] | ||
| Investigation of prussic acid and nitrate concentration in eighteen varieties of forage sorghum | ||
| نویسندگان [English] | ||
| Mehdi Amirsadeghi1؛ Hossein Gholami1؛ Hassan Fazaeli2؛ Alireza Kochaki3 | ||
| 1Animal Science Research Institute of Iran, Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization (AREEO),Karaj, Iran | ||
| 2Animal Science Research Institute of Iran, Agricultural research, Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), Karaj, Iran | ||
| 3Animal Science Research Institute of Iran, Agricultural research, Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), Karaj, Iran | ||
| چکیده [English] | ||
| The aim of this study was to investigate the concentration of Prussic acid and Nitrate as main anti-nutrients in 18 varieties of sorghum forages. The sorghum varieties include four domestic Iranian sorghums named: Pegah, Speed-feed, KFS-2 and KFS-18 and 14 imported varieties named: CSSH.1, FGCSI09, FS 1 BMR, JS BMR SSH.1, JS BMR SSH.2, S, T, PHFS-27, PFS-21, FGCSI10, FGCSI12, SP BMR, HFS1 and JS 2. All sorghum varieties were cultivated in the farm of Seed and Plant Improvement Institute. General condition such as irrigating, fertilizing, light and temperature were the same for all varieties. Samples were harvested at blooming stage and concentration of prussic acid and nitrate was determined. Statistical analysis was performed using one-way ANOVA. The highest concentration of prussic acid detected in FS 1 BMR (481 ppm) PHFS-27(408 ppm) and FGCSI10(381 ppm). and the highest concentration of nitrate was detected in JS 2 (2416ppm) and JS BMR SSH.1(2088 ppm). By comparing the concentrations of prussic acid and nitrate in these 18 varieties of forage sorghum with the tables of anti-nutrition hazard level, it was found that the concentration of anti-nutritional substances in all of these varieties was lower than the level of dangerous for livestock. | ||
| کلیدواژه‌ها [English] | ||
| anti nutrition, forage sorghum, Nitrate, prussic acid, variety | ||
| مراجع | ||
|
AL-Sultan, S.L. (2003). Sorghum Halepenses and its Cyanide Content. Pakistan Journal of Nutrition. 2(3):123-124. Bahrani, M.J, and Deghani ghenateghestani, A. (2004). Summer Forage Sorghum Yield, Protein and Prussic Acid Contents as Affected by Plant Density and Nitrogen Topdressing. Journal of Agricultural Science and Technology.6:73-83. Blaedel, W.J., Eastv, D.B., Anderson, L. and Farrell, T.R. (1971). Potentiometric determination of cyanide with an ionselective electrode. Application to cyanogenic glycosides in sudangrasses. Analytical. Chemistry. 43:890-894. Busk, P.K. and Møller, B.L. (2002). Dhurrin synthesis in sorghum is regulated at the transcriptional level and induced by nitrogen fertilization in older plants. Plant Physiology. 129:1222–1231. Cowley, G.D. and Collings, D.F. (1977). Nitrate poisoning. Veterinary Record. 101:305–306 Dann, H.M., Grant, R.J., Cotanch, K.W., Thomas, E.D., Ballard, C.S. and Rice, Y.R. (2007). Comparison of brown midrib sorghum-sudangrass with corn silage on lactational performance and nutrient digestibility of Holstein dairy cows. Journal of Dairy Science. 91:663-672. Faithfull, N.T., Methods In Agricultural Chemical Analysis A Practical Handbook .(2002). CABI Publishing. London, UK. pp: 19-22. Finnie, J.W., Windsor, P.A. and Kessell, A.E. (2011). Neurological diseases of ruminant livestock in Australia. II. toxic disorders and nutritional deficiencies. Australian Veterenary Journal. 89:247–253. Fjell, D., Blasi, D. and Towne, G. (1991). Nitrate and Prussic Acid Toxicity in Forage: Causes, Prevention and Feeding Management. Cooperative Extension Service, Kansas State University, Manhattan. In: http://www1.foragebeef.ca/$Foragebeef/frgebeef.nsf/all/ccf94/$FILE/toxinsnitratesandprussicacid.pdf , Accesses: 2 March 2018. Francisco, I.A. and Pinotti, M.H.P. (2000). Cyanogenic Glycosides in Plants, Brazilian Archives of Biology and Technology. 43(5):487-492. Gerber, P.J., Steinfeld, H., Henderson, B., Mottet, A., Opio, C., Dijkman, J. et al. (2013). Tackling climate change through livestock – A global assessment of emissions and mitigation opportunities. Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO), Rome. Getachew, G., Putnam, D.H., De Ben, C.M. and De Peters, E.J. (2016). Potential of Sorghum as an Alternative to Corn Forage. American Journal of Plant Sciences. 7:1106-1121. Gleadow, R.M. and Møller, B.L. (2014). Cyanogenic glycosides: synthesis, physiology and phenotypic plasticity. Annual Review of Plant Biology. 65:155–185. Hadebe, S.T., Modi, A.T and Mabhaudhi, T. (2017). Drought Tolerance and Water Use of Cereal Crops: A Focus on Sorghum as a Food Security Crop in Sub-Saharan Africa. Journal of Agronomy and Crop Science. 203(3):177-191. Harada, H., Yoshimura, Y., Sunaga, Y. and Hatanaka, T. (2000). Variations in nitrogen uptake and nitrate-nitrogen concentration among sorghum groups. Soil Science and Plant Nutrition. 46:97–104. Haskins, F.A., Gorz, H.J, and Hill, R.H. (1988). Colorimetric Determination of Cyanide in Enzyme-Hydrolyzed Extracts of Dried Sorghum Leaves. Journal of Agriculture and Food Chemistry. 36:775-778. Haskins, F.A., Gorz, H.J., Hill, R.M. and Brakke Youngquist. J. (1984). Influence of sample treatment on apparent hydrocyanic acid potential of sorghum leaf tissue. Crop Science. 24:1158–1163. Hayes, C.M., Burow, G.B., Brown, P.J., Thurber, C., Xin, Z and Burke, J.J. (2015). Natural Variation in Synthesis and Catabolism Genes Influences Dhurrin Content in Sorghum. The Plant Genome. 8(2):1-9. Hayes, C.M., Weers, B.D., Thakran, M., Burow, G., Xin, Z., Emendack, Y., et al. (2016). Discovery of a dhurrin QTL in sorghum: co-localization of dhurrin biosynthesis and a novel staygreen QTL. Crop Science. 56:104–112. Jahanzad, E., Jorat, M., Moghadam, H., Sadeghpoura, A., Chaichi, M.R. and Dashtaki, M. (2013). Response of a new and a commonly grown forage sorghum cultivar to limited irrigation and planting density. Agricultural Water Management. 117:62–69. Kilcer, T.F., Ketterings, Q.M., Cherney, J.H., Cerosaletti, P. and Barney, P. (2005). Optimum Stand Height for Forage Brown Midrib Sorghum · Sudangrass in North-eastern USA. Journal of Agronomy and Crop Science.191:35-40. MacKown, C.T and Weik, J.C. (2004). Comparison of Laboratory and Quick-Test Methods for Forage Nitrate. Crop Science. 44:218-226. Marais, J.P. (2001). Factors Affecting the Nutritive Value of kikuyu Grass (Pennisetum Clandestinum) – a Review. Tropical Grasslands. 35:65-84. Mir, S.A. (2009). Extraction of NOx and Determination of Nitrate by Acid Reduction in Water, Soil, Excreta, Feed, Vegetables and Plant Materials. Journal of Applied Science and Environmental Management. 13(3):57 – 63. Neilson, E.H., Edwards, A.M., Blomstedt, C.K., Berger, B., Møller, B.L. and Gleadow, R.M. (2015). Utilization of a high-throughput shoot imaging system to examine the dynamic phenotypic responses of a C4 cereal crop plant to nitrogen and water deficiency over time. Journal of Experimental Botany. 66:1817–1832. Nielsen, K.A., Tattersall, D.B., Jones, P.K. and Møllera, B.L. (2008). Metabolon formation in dhurrin biosynthesis. Phytochemistry. 69:88−98. Rasby, R.J., Anderson, B.E. and Kononoff, P.J. (2014). Nitrate in Livestock Feeding. University of Nebraska- Lincoln Extension, Institute of Agriculture and Natural Resources. In: http://extensionpublications.unl.edu/assets/pdf/g1779.pdf , Accesses: 4 March 2018. Rhykerd, C.L., and Johnson, K.D. (2007). Minimizing prussic acid poisoning hazard in forages. Agronomy Extention, Purdue University., West Lafayette, In: https://www.agry.purdue.edu/ext/forage/publications/ay196.htm , Accesses: 7 March 2018. Sarfraz, M., Ahmad, N., Farooq, U., Ali, A. and Hussain, K. (2012). Evaluation of sorghum varieties/lines for hydrocyanic acid and crude protein contents. Journal of Agricultural Research. 50(1):39-47. Schittenhelm, S., and Schroetter, S. (2014). Comparison of drought tolerance of maize, sweet sorghum and sorghum–sudangrass hybrids. Journal of Agronomy and Crop Science. 200:46–53. Sher, A., Ansar, M., Manaf, A., Qayyum, A., Saeed, M.F., and Irfan, M. (2014). Hydrocyanic acid and sugar content dynamics under nitrogen and sulphur application to forage sorghum cultivars. Turkish Journal of Field Crops.19(1):46-52. Smitha Patel, P.A., Alagundagi, C.S. and Salakinkop. S.R. (2013). The anti-nutritional factors in forages - A review. Current Biotica. 6(4):516-526. Swathi, P., Nagavani, A.V., Bhargavi, B., Ramana, J.V. and Reddy, G.P. (2016). Effect of levels of nitrogen and time of harvesting on growth and quality parameters of fodder sorghum, Current Biotica. 10(1):59-63. Undersander, D., Combs, D., Howard, T., Shaver, R., Siemens, M. and Thomas, D. (1999). Nitrate poisoning in cattle, sheep, and goats. University of Wisconsin-Extension. In: https://fyi.uwex.edu/forage/nitrate-poisoning-in-cattle-sheep-and-goats/, Accesses: 7 March 2018. Vetter, J. (2000). Plant cyanogenic glycosides. Toxicon. 38:11–36. Wheeler, J.L., Mulcahy, C., Walcott, J.J. and Rapp, G.G. (1990). Factors Affecting the Hydrogen Cyanide Potential of Forage Sorghum, Australian Journal of Agricultural Research. 41:1093-1100. | ||
|
آمار تعداد مشاهده مقاله: 7,274 تعداد دریافت فایل اصل مقاله: 667 |
||