The conservation status of Smirnovia turkestana Bunge, a rare species from Iran | ||
| طبیعت ایران | ||
| Article 15, Volume 3, Issue 6 - Serial Number 13, January and February 2019, Pages 108-117 PDF (561.83 K) | ||
| Document Type: Rare and Endangered Plant Species of Iran | ||
| DOI: 10.22092/irn.2019.118219 | ||
| Authors | ||
| Hosein Batooli* 1; Ziba Jamzad2; Adel Jalili2 | ||
| 1Assistant Prof., Kashan Botanical Garden, Research Institute of Forests and Rangelands, Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), Tehran, Iran | ||
| 2Prof., Research Institute of Forests and Rangelands, Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization, Tehran, Iran | ||
| Abstract | ||
| Smirnovia turkestana Bunge is a shrub growing on mobile and active sand dunes. The habitat of this plant is only in the sandy lands of the central deserts in Isfahan and Semnan provinces and to some extent the eastern part of the country in Khorasan Razavi. These areas are located in the plain area of Irano-Touranian region and at an altitude range of 750 to 1200 meters above sea level. The conservation status of this plant is defined based on the International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN) categories and criteria. Three criteria were used to evaluate the status of this species: extent of occurrence (EOO), area of occupancy (AOO) and size of populations. According to field survey and plot sampling, Smirnovia turkestana occupies an area of 21.1 Km2. According to analysis by GeoCAT software (geocat.kew.org), the extent of occurrence was 67,126.3 Km2. Therefore, according to the results of this study and referring to the area of occupation, the number of populations, highly fragmented populations, and low regeneration due to limited seed setting and quality of habitat, S. turkestana is recognized as “Endangered”. The field observations indicated that excessive livestock grazing on rangelands, eradicating by indigenous and local people in using its branches in cultivation (as an awning) and the unprecedented drought in recent decades, were the main threats to this rare shrub. Therefore, special attention and complete conservation of this natural genetic reserve are needed. | ||
| Keywords | ||
| Conservation status; Smirnovia turkestana Bunge; endangered species; sand dunes; rare and exclusive species | ||
| References | ||
|
- Azarnivand, H., Joneidi, H., Jarari, M. & Nikou, S. 2006. The study of Forage Quality of Smirnovia iranica In Different phonological stages in sandy areas-case-study: Band-e-Rig-Kashan. BIABAN (Desert Journal), 11:( 2): 1-10. - Borjian, A., Assadi, M. & Maassoumi, A.A. 2014. Morphology and cytology of Amygdalus reticulata (Rosaceae) an Iranian narrow endemic species. Joural of Japanese Botany, 89(6): 376-382. -Czerepanov, S.K. 1981. Plantae Vasculares, URSS. Leningrad. - Fet, V. & Atamuradov, K.I. 1994. Biogeography and Ecology of Turk-menistan, Monographiae Biologicae. Vol. 72. Kluwer Academ- ic, Dordrecht, The Netherlands. 650pp. - Gintzburger, G., Toderich, K. N., Mardonov, B. K. and Mahmudov, M. M. 2003. Rangelands of the arid and semi-arid zones in Uzbekistan. CIRAD - ICARDA. - IUCN, 2017. Guidelines for using the IUCN red list categories and criteria ver. 13. Prepared by the standards and petitions subcommittee, 108p. - Jalili, A. & Jamzad, Z. 1999. Red data book of Iran, Apreliminary survey of Endemic, Rare & endangered plant species in Iran. Published by research institute of forest & rangelands, No. 215. Tehran, 748p. - Kapustina, L. A. 2001. Biodiversity, ecology and microelement composition of Kyzylkum desert shrubs (Uzbekistan) in: USDA Forest Service Proceedings RMRS-P-21. 2001. 98- 101. - Komarov, V. L. 1945. Flora of the U.S.S.R. Vol. 11. English translation of 1971 by Isreal Program for Scientific Translations. Jerusalem. 327 pp. - Lambert, M., Stærk, D., Hansen, S.H., Sairafianpour, M. & Jaroszewski, J.W. 2005. Rapid Extract Dereplication Using HPLC-SPE-NMR: Analysis of Isoflavonoids from Smirnowia iranica. Journal of Natural Products. 68 (10):1500-1509. - Lancaster, N. & Hallward, J.R. 1984. A bibliography of Desert Dunes. Department of Environmental and Geographical Sciences, University of Cape Town Press, 145 pp. - Mahdavi, P. 2017. Vegetation and functional diversity of sand dune habitats between and within different bioclimatic regions. Dissertation for the award of the degree "Doctor of Philosophy" Ph.D. Division of Mathematics and Natural Sciences of the Georg-August-Universität Göttingen. 143 P. - Naderi Shahab, Mohebbat Ali, Jebelli, Maryam. Jafari, Ali Ashraf. 2017. Cryopreservation of Smirnovia iranica (Sabeti) Seeds and Evaluation of Cryopreserved Seeds under Laboratory, Greenhouse and Natural Habitat Conditions. Journal of Rangeland Science, 7(2): 122- 137. - Podlech, D. 1970. Neue und bemerkenswerte Arten aus Nordost-Afghanistan. II. (Beiträge zur Flora von AfghanistanV) Mitt. Bot. Staatsamml.München8: 165–189. - Podlech, D. 2012. Checklist of the flowering plants of Afghanistan. Ludwig Maximilians University, Munich. - Rad, M.H., Mirhoseini, S.R., Meshkat, M.A., & Soltani, M. 2008. Effect of soil moisture on Haloxylon's root development. Iran. J. For.Pop. Res.16:112-123. - Rechinger K.H. 1984. Flora Iranica, No. 157: Papilionaceae II. Akademische Druck-u. Verlagsanstalt, Graz. Austria. - Sairafianpour, M., Kayser, O., Christensen, J., Asfa, M., Witt, M. & Jaroszewski, J.W. 2003. Leishmanicidal and Antiplasmodial Activity of Constituents of Smirnowia iranica. Journal of Natural Products. 65(12): 1754-1758. - Schloeder, C.A. & Jacobs, M. 2010. Afghanistan Peace Project: Afghanistan Flora: Complete plant species list. – Dept Ecosyst Science and Managem. Texas A & M Univ. 125pp. | ||
|
Statistics Article View: 1,063 PDF Download: 1,219 |
||
Journal management system. designed by sinaweb