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بررسی تأثیر پیش‌تیمار بذر بر عملکرد، اجزا عملکرد و غلظت عنصر معدنی فسفر تحت تنش خشکی در همیشه‌بهار (Calendula officinalis L.) | ||
| تحقیقات گیاهان دارویی و معطر ایران | ||
| مقاله 4، دوره 34، شماره 4 - شماره پیاپی 90، مهر و آبان 1397، صفحه 565-578 اصل مقاله (770.07 K) | ||
| نوع مقاله: مقاله پژوهشی | ||
| شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.22092/ijmapr.2018.116528.2214 | ||
| نویسندگان | ||
| فهیمه هلالی سلطان احمدی* 1؛ محمدرضا عامریان2؛ مهدی قیاسی3؛ حمید عباس دخت4 | ||
| 1دانشجوی دکترای تخصصی زراعت-فیزیولوژی، دانشگاه صنعتی شاهرود، شاهرود، ایران | ||
| 2دانشیار، فیزیولوژی، گروه زراعت و اصلاح نباتات، دانشگاه صنعتی شاهرود، شاهرود، ایران | ||
| 3استادیار، علوم و تکنولوژی بذر، دانشگاه ارومیه، ارومیه، ایران | ||
| 4دانشیار، اکولوژی گیاهان زراعی، دانشگاه صنعتی شاهرود، شاهرود، ایران | ||
| چکیده | ||
| استفاده از مواد آلی و نانو کودها به‌منظور کنترل دقیق آزادسازی عناصر غذایی می‌تواند گامی مؤثر برای دستیابی به کشاورزی پایدار و سازگار با محیط‌زیست باشد. تنش خشکی مهمترین عامل محدودکننده رشد و عملکرد گیاهان دارویی ازجمله همیشه‌بهار (Calendula officinalis L.) است. این آزمایش در شرایط مزرعه‌ای به‌صورت فاکتوریل در قالب طرح بلوک‌های کامل تصادفی در سه تکرار به‌صورت مرکب (تکرار در مکان) واقع در مزرعه تحقیقاتی مرکز تحقیقات کشاورزی ارومیه و سلماس اجرا شد. فاکتور اول نحوه آبیاری در دو سطح شامل آبیاری و قطع آبیاری در مرحله شروع گلدهی و فاکتور دوم پیش‌تیمار بذرها در هفت سطح شامل بذرهای تیمار شده با کودهای نانو (اکسید آهن، اکسید روی و اکسید بر با غلظت دو در هزار) و پرایم شده با مواد آلی (اسید هیومیک 72 میلی‌گرم در لیتر، اسید سالیسیلک 2000 میکرومول و اسید آسکوربیک ppm200) و شاهد بود. نتایج تجزیه مرکب داده‌های آزمایش حکایت از این داشت که استفاده از پیش‌تیمار بذرها با مواد نانو و پیش‌تیمار با مواد آلی در صفاتی مانند ارتفاع بوته، تعداد کاپیتول، وزن تر و خشک بوته، وزن تر و خشک ریشه، عملکرد دانه، شاخص برداشت، درصد اسانس و درصد عنصر معدنی فسفر واکنش مثبتی نشان داده و بهترین واکنش از کاربرد پیش‌تیمار اسید سالسیلیک و نانو اکسیدروی دیده شد و باعث افزایش و بهبود صفات یادشده و عملکرد کمّی و کیفی همیشه‌بهار به‌ویژه در شرایط تنش خشکی می‌گردد و کاربرد آن در راستای کشاورزی پایدار و ارگانیک قابل توصیه می‌باشد. | ||
| کلیدواژه‌ها | ||
| تیمار قبل از کاشت؛ نانو کود؛ اسید‌های آلی؛ تنش خشکی؛ درصد اسانس؛ فسفر | ||
| عنوان مقاله [English] | ||
| Effects of seed priming on yield, yield components, and concentration of mineral phosphorus under drought stress in Calendula officinalis L. | ||
| نویسندگان [English] | ||
| F. Helali Soltanahmadi1؛ M.R. Amerian2؛ M. Ghiyasi3؛ H. Abasdokht4 | ||
| 1Ph.D. student, Shahrood University, Shahrood, Iran | ||
| 2Department of Agronomy and Plant Breeding, Shahrood University, Shahrood, Iran | ||
| 3Department of Seed Sciences and Technology, Urmia University, Urmia, Iran | ||
| 4Department of Ecology of Plants, Shahrood University, Shahrood, Iran | ||
| چکیده [English] | ||
| The use of organic materials and nano-fertilizers to control the release of nutrients could be an effective step towards achieving sustainable agriculture. Drought stress is the most important factor limiting the growth and yield of medicinal plants including marigold (Calendula officinalis L.). This experiment was conducted under field conditions in a factorial arrangement in a randomized complete block design with three replications (replication in place) in the Research Farm of the Urmia and Salmas Agricultural Research Center. The first factor was irrigation method at two levels including normal irrigation and irrigation cut in the beginning of flowering, and the second factor was priming treatments in seven levels including the seeds primed with nano fertilizers (iron oxide, zinc oxide and oxide with concentrations of two in thousands) and the seeds primed with organic material (humic acid, 72 mg/L, salicylic acid 2000 micromole and ascorbic acid 200ppm) and control. The results indicated that the priming of seeds with nano materials and priming with organic materials caused an increased plant height, number of capitol, fresh and dry weight of the plant, fresh and dry weight of root, grain yield, harvest index, essential oil percentage, and mineral phosphorus percentage as well as increased quantitative and qualitative yield of marigold, especially in drought stress conditions. Therefore, its application could be recommended for sustainable and organic agriculture. | ||
| کلیدواژه‌ها [English] | ||
| priming, Nano-fertilizer, organic acids, Drought Stress, essential oil percentage, phosphorous | ||
| مراجع | ||
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