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کُنش پیوسته علفکشهای انتخابی چغندرقند در علفهایهرز خرفه و سلمهتره | ||
| چغندرقند | ||
| مقاله 8، دوره 34، شماره 1، مرداد 1397، صفحه 93-109 اصل مقاله (321.53 K) | ||
| نوع مقاله: مقاله پژوهشی | ||
| شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.22092/jsb.2018.109471.1147 | ||
| نویسندگان | ||
| علی اصغر چیت بند* 1؛ محبوبه نبی زاده2؛ رضا قربانی3 | ||
| 1استادیار دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه لرستان، خرم آباد، ایران. | ||
| 2کارشناس ارشد علوم علفهایهرز، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی واحد مشهد، ایران. | ||
| 3استاد دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه فردوسی، مشهد، ایران. | ||
| چکیده | ||
| کاربرد موفقیت آمیز علفکشها برای کنترل انتخابی و اقتصادی علفهایهرز بدون آسیب به محیط و گیاه زراعی یکی از موفقیتهای مهم در کشاورزی مدرن محسوب میشود. بهمنظور پیش‌بینی اثرات افزایشی، همافزاییویا همکاهی اختلاط دو به دو علفکشهای دسمدیفام+ فنمدیفام+ اتوفومیست، کلریدازون و کلوپیرالید با استفاده از مدل دُز افزایشی (ADM)، دو آزمایش در قالب طرح کامل تصادفی با 105 تیمار و سه تکرار برای هر یک از علفهای هرز خرفه و سلمه تره درگلخانه دانشکده کشاورزی دانشگاه فردوسی مشهد در سال 1392 به اجرا درآمد. تیمارهای آزمایش شامل هفت دُز خالص علفکشهای فوق برای پنج نسبت اختلاط0:100، 25:75، 50:50، 75:25 و 100:0 و سه تیمار شاهد برای هر یک از نسبت‌های علفکشی بودند. نتایج آزمایش نشان داد که اختلاط دو به دوی علفکشها وابستگی شدیدی به عوامل مختلفی ازجمله نوع گونۀ علفهرز دارد. به طوری که هر یک از گونهها با داشتن خصوصیات مورفولوژیکی و فیزیولویکی مختلف، اثر متقاوتی را بروز دادند. بر این اساس، اختلاطعلفکش دسمدیفام + فنمدیفام + اتوفومیست و علفکش کلوپیرالید در علفهایهرز خرفه و سلمهتره براساس مدل ADM، همافزایی بود. همچنین، علفکشهای دسمدیفام + فنمدیفام + اتوفومیست و کلریدازون نیز دارای اثر همافزایی در کنترل علفهایهرز خرفه و سلمهتره مطابق با مدل ADMبودند. اختلاط علفکش کلریدازون با علفکش کلوپیرالید دارای اثر افزایشی در علفهرز خرفه و اثر همکاهی در علفهرز سلمهتره بود. | ||
| کلیدواژه‌ها | ||
| اختلاط دوتایی؛ دسمدیفام + فنمدیفام + اتوفومیست؛ مدل دُز افزایشی؛ هم‌افزیی؛ همکاهی | ||
| عنوان مقاله [English] | ||
| Joint action of sugar beet selective herbicides in Portulaca oleracea L. and Chenopodium album L. weeds | ||
| نویسندگان [English] | ||
| Ali Asghar Chitband1؛ M. Nabizade2؛ R. Ghorbani3 | ||
| 1Assistant Professor of Weed Science, Department of Agronomy, Faculty of Agriculture, Lorestan University of Iran. | ||
| 2MSC. of Weed Science, Department of Agronomy, Mashhad Branch, Islamic Azad University, Mashhad, Iran. | ||
| 3Professor of Weed Science, Department of Agronomy, Faculty of Agriculture, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Iran. | ||
| چکیده [English] | ||
| The successful application of herbicides for selective and economic control of weeds without damage to both the environment and crop is one of the important achievements in modern agriculture. In order to predict the additive, synergistic and orthogonal effects of binary mixtures of desmedipham+ phenmedipham+ ethofumesate, chloridazon and clopyralid herbicides based on Additive Dose Model (ADM), two greenhouse experiments were conducted in completely randomized design with 105 treatments and three replications for Chenopodium album L. and Portulaca oleracea L. weeds in the greenhouse of the Faculty of Agriculture, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran in 2013. Experimental treatments consisted of seven herbicides with five mixing ratios of 0:100, 25:75, 50: 50, 75:25, 100:0 and three control treatments for each of the herbicide ratio. Results showed that the binary mixture of herbicides has a strong dependence on various factors such as weed species so that each species showed different response with different morphological and physiological characteristics. Accordingly, the mixture of desmedipham+ phenmedipham+ ethofumesate and clopyralid based on ADM model was synergistic. Also desmedipham+ phenmedipham+ ethofumesate, and chloridazon herbicides mixture had synergistic effect on weed control based on ADM model. In contrast, chloridazon and clopyralid herbicides mixture had additive effect on Portulaca oleracea L. and synergistic effect on Chenopodium album L. control. | ||
| کلیدواژه‌ها [English] | ||
| Additive dose model, Desmedipham+ phenmedipham+ ethofumesate, Synergism | ||
| مراجع | ||
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