| تعداد نشریات | 286 |
| تعداد نشریات سازمان | 84 |
| تعداد شماره‌ها | 3,005 |
| تعداد مقالات | 33,631 |
| تعداد مشاهده مقاله | 44,479,673 |
| تعداد دریافت فایل اصل مقاله | 30,129,234 |
بررسی تغییرات آنزیم پراکسیداز و پلی فنل اکسیداز در ارقام حساس و متحمل خیار نسبت به نماتد مولد گره ریشه، در اثر قارچ مایکوریز | ||
| آفات و بیماری های گیاهی | ||
| مقاله 1، دوره 87، شماره 1 - شماره پیاپی 108، شهریور 1398، صفحه 1-11 اصل مقاله (626.69 K) | ||
| نوع مقاله: بیماری‌شناسی گیاهی | ||
| شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.22092/jaep.2018.120132.1202 | ||
| نویسندگان | ||
| آمنه حسینی خواه چوشلی1؛ سعید رضائی2؛ سالار جمالی* 3؛ حمیدرضا زمانی زاده4؛ فرهاد رجالی5 | ||
| 1گروه بیماری‌شناسی گیاهی دانشکده کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی واحد علوم و تحقیقات، تهران. | ||
| 2گروه بیماری شناسی گیاهی دانشکده کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی واحد علوم و تحقیقات دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی تهران، ایران | ||
| 3گروه گیاهپزشکی، دانشکده علوم کشاورزی، دانشگاه گیلان، رشت، ایران. | ||
| 4دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، واحد علوم و تحقیقات، دانشکده کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی | ||
| 5موسسه تحقیقات خاک و آب کرج | ||
| چکیده | ||
| هدف از این تحقیق، مقایسه تأثیر قارچ مایکوریز آربوسکولار Funneliformis mosseaeبر فعالیت آنزیمهای دفاعی تولید شده در اثر حمله نماتد مولد گره Meloidogyne incognita به ریشه خیار ارقام متحمل (سوپردومینوس) و حساس (دانیتو) بوده است. به این منظور آزمایشی در گلخانه با چهار تیمار و چهار تکرار در قالب طرح کاملاً تصادفی (طرح خرد شده در زمان) انجام گرفت. ابتدا گیاهچههای خیار در خاک سترون پرورش یافت. به تیمارهای حاوی مایکوریز میزان 75 گرم زادمایه قارچ در هر کیلوگرم خاک اضافه گردید. 45 روز بعد از مایه زنی قارچ مایکوریز، تعداد 1500 عدد لارو سن دوم در هر کیلوگرم خاک اضافه شد. تغییرات کمی آنزیمهای پراکسیداز و پلی فنل اکسیداز در روزهای دوم، چهارم، ششم و هشتم بعد از مایه زنی اندازه‌گیری شد. نتایج نشان داد که در تیمار مایه زنی شده با نماتد، میزان فعالیت آنزیمهای مذکور به نسبت گیاه شاهد افزایش یافت. در تیمار قارچ مایکوریز به تنهایی، میانگین فعالیت آنزیمها در تمام زمان‌ها، بالاتر از میانگین شاهد و تیمار نماتد بود. در هر دو رقم، در تیمار نماتد به همراه قارچ مایکوریز، فعالیت آنزیمهای مذکور به طور قابل ملاحظه‌ای افزایش یافت. به طور کلی، میزان فعالیت آنزیمهای پراکسیداز و پلی فنل اکسیداز در رقم متحمل به طور قابل ملاحظه‌ای بیش‌تر از رقم حساس در همان تیمارها و روزهای اندازه‌گیری بود که میتواند با نقش این آنزیمها در افزایش تحمل نسبت به نماتد ارتباط داشته باشد. تأثیر قارچ مایکوریز در افزایش مقادیر آنزیمهای دفاعی در تیمارهای مورد بررسی از دیگر نتایج این تحقیق به شمار میرود. | ||
| کلیدواژه‌ها | ||
| پراکسیداز؛ پلی فنل اکسیداز؛ Funneliformis mosseae؛ Meloidogyne incognita؛ Cucumis sativus | ||
| عنوان مقاله [English] | ||
| Investigation of peroxidase and polyphenol oxidase enzymes quantitative changes in sensitive and tolerant cucumber to root knot nematode, due to mycorrhizal fungus | ||
| نویسندگان [English] | ||
| amaneh hosseinikhah choshali1؛ Saeed Rezaee2؛ Salar Jamali3؛ hamidreza zamanizadeh4؛ farhad rejali5 | ||
| 11Department of Plant Pathology, College of Agriculture and Natural Resources, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran. | ||
| 2Department of Plant Pathology College of Agriculture and Natural Resources Science and Research Branch Islamic Azad University Tehran, Iran | ||
| 3Plant Protection Department, Faculty of Agricultural Sciences, University of Guilan, Rasht, Iran. | ||
| 41Department of Plant Pathology, College of Agriculture and Natural Resources, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran. | ||
| 5Soil and Water Research Institute, Tehrān, Iran. | ||
| چکیده [English] | ||
| The The aim of this study was to compare the effect of Funneliformis mosseae mycorrhizal fungus on the activity of defense enzymes produced by Meloidogyne incognita attack on roots of tolerant and sensitive cucumber cultivars. For this purpose, an experiment was conducted in a greenhouse with four treatments and four replications in a completely randomized design (split design in time). Cucumber seedlings were planted in sterile soil. Mycorrhizal treatments were added to 75 grams inoculum per kilogram soil. 45 days after F. mosseae inoculation, 1500 J2 were added per each kilogram soil. The quantitative activity of peroxidase and polyphenol oxidase enzymes was measured after six and eigh days after inoculation. The results showed that the activity of the enzymes in inoculated with nematode increased in comparison with the control plants. In the inoculated with AMF alone, the average activity of enzymes in different days of measurement was higher than control and nematode treatment. In both cultivars, the activity of these enzymes increased significantly in nematode with mycorrhizal fungus. Totally, the activity of peroxidase and polyphenol oxidase enzymes in tolerant cultivar was significantly higher than sensitive in the same treatments and days of measurement which can be related to these enzymes roll in increasing tolerance to the nematode. Effect of mycorrhizal fungus on increasing the amount of defense enzymes in the treatments are considered as other results of this research. | ||
| کلیدواژه‌ها [English] | ||
| Cucumis sativus, Funneliformis mosseae, Meloidogyne incognita, Peroxidase, Polyphenol oxidase | ||
| مراجع | ||
|
BASLAM, M. and N. GOICOECHEA. 2012. Water deficit improved the capacity of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) for inducing the accumulation of antioxidant compounds in lettuce leaves. Mycorrhiza. 22: 347-359. BHARGAVA S., M. K. SHARMA and P. K. DASHORA. 2007. Histopathological and Biochemical changes induced by Root Knot Nematode Meloidogyne incognita of resistance and susceptible varieties of cowpea. Journal of Mycology and Plant Pathology. 37:112-117. CHEN C., R. R. BELANGER, N. BENHAOU and T. C. PAULITZ. 2000. Defense enzymes induced in cucumber roots by treatment with plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria and pythium aphanidermatum. Plant pathology, 56: 13-23. FAIZE, M., L. FAIZE, N. KOIKE, M. ISHIZAKA and H. ISHII. 2004. Acibenzolar-S-methyl-induced resistance to Japanese pear scab is associated with potentiation of multiple defense responses. Phytopathology. 94: 604-612. FATTAH F.A. and J. M.WEBSTER. 1989. Ultrastructural modifications of Meloidogyne javanica induced giant cells caused by fungal culture filtrates. Revue de Nematolgy. 12: 197 - 210. GHARABADIYAN, F., S. JAMALI and H. R. KOMEILI. 2013. Determining of root knot (Meloidogyne javanica) damage function for tomato cultivars. Journal of Agricultural Science. 58:147‒157. GOUT, E., A. M. BOISSON, S. AUBERT, R. DOUC and R. BLIGNY. 2001.Origin of the cytoplasmic ph changes during anaerobic stress in higher plant cell carbon-13 and phosphorous-31 nuclear magnectic resonance studies. Journal of Plant Physiology. 125:912. HAMMERSCHMIDT, R. and J. KUC. 1995. Induced resistance to disease in plants. Kluwer Academic Publishers, American. 183 Pp. HUSSEY, R. S. and K. R. BARKER. 1973. A comparison of methods of collecting inoculation of Meloidogyne species, including a new technique. Plant Disease. 57:1025–1028 HAMMERSCHMIDT, R. and J. KUC. 1995. Induced resistance to disease in plants. Kluwer Academic Publishers, American. 183 Pp. HUSSEY, R. S. and G. J. W. JANSSEN. 2002. Root –knot nematodes: Meloidogyne species In “Plant resistance to parasitic nematodes (Starr, J. L. Cook, R. Bridge, J. eds.) CAB International, Wallingford, Oxon, UK. pp. 43-70. KUC, J. 2001. Concepts and direction of induced systemic resistance in plants and its application. European Journal of Plant Pathology, 107, 7-12. LATOURNERIE- MORENO, L., A. IC-CAAMAL, E. RUIZ-SANCHEZ, H. BALLINAGOMEZ, I. ISLAS-FLORES, W. CHAN-CUPUL and D. GONZALEZ-MENDOZA. 2015. Survival of Bemisia tabaci and activity of plant defense related enzymes in genotypes of Capsicum annum L. Chilean. Journal of Agricultural Researches.75: 71-77. LI, L. and J. C. STEFFENS. 2002. Over expression of polyphenol oxidase in transgenic tomato plants results in enhanced bacterial disease resistance. Planta. 215, 239-247. MAHFOUZ M. M., Abd-Elgawad, K. MARIE-CLAIRE, M. SERGIO, F. Abd-El-Kareem and S. A. Sanaa. 2012. Histopathological changes and enzymatic activities induced by Meloidogyne incognita on resistance and susceptible potato. Plant Pathology. 1:62. MAYER, A. M. 2006. Polyphenol oxidases in plants and fungi: going places? A review. Phytochemistry. 2006 Nov; 67(21):2318-31. Epub 2006 Sep 14. MOHAMMADI, M. and H. KAZEMI. 2002. Changes in Peroxidase and polyphenol oxidase activities in susceptible and resistance wheat heads inoculated with Fusarium graminearum and induced resistance. Plant Science, 162, 491-498. MOON, H. S., Z. KHAN, S. G. KIM, S. H. SON and Y. H. KIM. 2010. Biological and structural mechanisms of disease development and resistance in chili pepper infected with the root-knot nematode. Plant Pathology. 26:149-153. OKA, Y., H. KOLTAI, M. BAR-EYAL, M. MOR, E. SHARON, I. CHET and Y. SPIEGEL. 2000. New strategies for the control of plant parasitic nematodes .Pest management science, 56: 983-988. OLOWE, T. 2007. Host reaction of cowpea cultivars to root- knot nematode, Meloidogyne incognita. Nematologia Mediterranea 35:177-182. PAREEK, A., A. GAUR, A. KUMAR and P. LODHA. 2017. Impacts of root knot nematode infestation on metabolites and antioxidant enzymes in Abelmoschus esculentus L. Moench. Journal of Pharmacognosy and Phytochemistry 2017; 6(4): 1093-1096 PHILIPS J. M. and D. S. HAYMAN. 1970. Improved procedures clearing root and staining parasitic and vesicular arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi for rapid assessment of infections. Transaction of British Mycological Society 55: 158-161. PEYVAST, G. 2007. Vegetabele Production. 4thed., Daneshpazir Press, Rasht, 362 p. REDDY, A. M., S. G. KUMAR, G. JYOTHSNAKUMARI, S. THIMMANAIK and C. SAKARHUD. 2005. Lead induced changes in antioxidant metabolism of horsegram (Macrotyloma uniflorum (Lam.) Vedic.) and Bengal gram (Cicer arietinum L.). Chemosphere. 60:97-104. REUVENI, R. and G. C. BOTHEMA. 1985. The relationship between peroxidase activity and resistance of Sphaerotheca fuligena in melons, Phytopathologische zeitschrift, 114: 260. REUVENI, R. 1995. Biochemical markers as tools for screening resistance against plant pathogens, In: Reuveni, R. (Eds.), Novel Approaches to Integrated Pest Management, CRC Press, Boca Raton, FL, pp. 21-45. RUIZ-SANCHEZ, M., R. AROCA and Y. MUNOZ. 2010. The arbuscular mycorrhizal symbiosis enhances the photosynthetic efficiency and the antioxidative response of rice plants subjected to drought stress. Journal of Plant Physiology. 2010; 167: 862-869. SADEGH MOOSAVI, S., A. KAREGAR and A. DELJOO. 2006. Responses of some common cucumber cultivars in Iran to root-knot nematode, Meloidogyne incognita, under greenhouse condition. Iranian Journal of Plant Pathology 42(2): 241-252 (in Persian). SANKAR, C., K. SOORIANATHASUNDARAM, N. KUMAR and M. SIVAKUMAR. 2017. Identification of resistance and biochemical changes against Radopholus similis in banana hybrids under pot culture conditions.12 (1): 331-340 (Supplement on Agronomy) SREEDHAR, M., A. CHATURVEDI, M. APARNA, P. D. KUMAR, R. K. SINGHAL and B. P. VENU. 2013. Influence of γ-radiation stress on scavenging enzyme activity and cell ultra-structure in groundnut (Arachis hypogea L.). Advanced Applied Science Research. 4:35. STARR, J. L., J. BRIDGE and R. COOK. 2002. Resistance to plant-parasitic nematodes: History, current use and future potential. pp: 1-22. VOVLAS, N., D. MIFSUD, B.Vb. LANDA and P. CASTILLO. 2005. Pathogenicity of the root-knot nematode Meloidogyne javanica on potato. Plant Pathology. 54, 657-664. WINDHAM, G. I., M. T. WINDHAM and W. P. WILLIAMS. 1989. Effect of Trichoderma spp. on maize grows and Meloidogyne arenaria reproduction. Plant Disease. 73, 493- 494. WUYTS N, D. De WAELE and R. SWENNEN. 2006. Activity of phenylalanine ammonia-lyase, peroxidase and polyphenol oxidase in roots of banana (Musa acuminate AAA, CVs ‘Grande Naine’ and ‘Yangambikm 5’ before and after infection with Radopholus similis). Journal of Nematology. 38:201-209. 35- YAO, H. J. and S. P. TIAN. 2005. Effect of biocontrol agent methyl jasmonate on postharvest diseases of peach fruit and the possible mechanisms involved. Journal of Applied Microbiology. 98: 941-950. ZACHEO, G., C. ORLANDO and T. BLEVE ZACHEO. 1993. Characterization of anionic peroxidase in tomato isolines infected by Meloidogyne incognita. Journal of Nematology. 1993; 25:249-256.
| ||
|
آمار تعداد مشاهده مقاله: 1,642 تعداد دریافت فایل اصل مقاله: 870 |
||