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فعالیت ضدقارچی کلاله زعفران (Crocus sativus L.) علیه گونه‌های مختلف Aspergillus و تولید زهرابه در محیط آزمایشگاهی | ||
| تحقیقات گیاهان دارویی و معطر ایران | ||
| مقاله 8، دوره 34، شماره 1 - شماره پیاپی 87، فروردین و اردیبهشت 1397، صفحه 77-86 اصل مقاله (807 K) | ||
| نوع مقاله: مقاله پژوهشی | ||
| شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.22092/ijmapr.2018.114890.2094 | ||
| نویسندگان | ||
| سیدجواد صانعی* 1؛ سید اسماعیل رضوی2 | ||
| 1مربی، گروه گیاه‌پزشکی، دانشگاه علوم کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی گرگان، گرگان، ایران | ||
| 2استادیار، گروه گیاه‌پزشکی، دانشگاه علوم کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی گرگان، گرگان، ایران | ||
| چکیده | ||
| با توجه به اهمیت گونه‌های مختلف Aspergillus از نظر فساد مواد غذایی و تولید زهرابه، در این تحقیق اثرات ضدقارچی زعفران (Crocus sativus L.) علیه Aspergillus niger، Aspergillus flavus و Aspergillus parasiticus و تولید زهرابه در شرایط آزمایشگاه بررسی شد. بدین منظور، مقدار 0، 5 و 10 میلی‌گرم زعفران پودر شده به‌ازای هر میلی‌لیتر محیط کشت (YES) Yeast Extract Sucrose اضافه گردید و رشد میسیلیومی قارچ‌ها 0، 5، 10، 15، 20، 25 و 30 روز پس از تلقیح اندازه‌گیری شد. سنجش پیکروکروسین، سافرانال و کروسین زعفران به‌روش رنگ‌سنجی انجام گردید. میزان آفلاتوکسین B1 (AFB1) نیز در روز سی‌ام به روش کروماتوگرافی لایه نازک اندازه‌گیری گردید. مقادیر کروسین، پیکروکروسین و سافرانال در عصاره‌های تهیه شده از زعفران مورد بررسی به‌ترتیب 0.25±231.20، 0.85±87.16 و 0.25±34.86 میلی‌گرم/ گرم وزن خشک محاسبه شد. به‌طوری که با اضافه شدن زعفران به‌میزان 10 میلی‌گرم/میلی‌لیتر به محیط کشت YES، رشد میسیلیومی گونه‌های مختلف Aspergillus نسبت به شاهد (فاقد زعفران) 29 تا 32 درصد کاهش می‌یافت. همچنین با اضافه کردن زعفران به محیط کشت YES، تولید زهرابه AFB1 از 5 میکروگرم/ میلی‌لیتر به سطح غیرقابل ردیابی کاهش داشت. تأثیر زعفران بر کاهش رشد میسیلیومی و کاهش تولید AFB1 بین گونه‌های مختلف Aspergillus فاقد اختلاف معنی‌دار بود. این نتایج استفاده از زعفران را در صنایع داروسازی و به‌عنوان افزودنی‌های مواد غذایی برای جلوگیری از رشد گونه‌های Aspergillus و تولید زهرابه پیشنهاد می‌کند. | ||
| کلیدواژه‌ها | ||
| آفلاتوکسین؛ بازدارندگی؛ زعفران (Crocus sativus L.)؛ aspergillus | ||
| عنوان مقاله [English] | ||
| In vitro antifungal activities of saffron (Crocus sativus L.) stigmas against Aspergillus species and toxin production | ||
| نویسندگان [English] | ||
| S.J. Sanei1؛ S.E. Razavi2 | ||
| 1Department of Plant Protection, Gorgan University of Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources, Gorgan, Iran | ||
| 2Department of Plant Protection, Gorgan University of Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources, Gorgan, Iran | ||
| چکیده [English] | ||
| This study was carried out to evaluate the in vitro use of Croccus sativus L. (saffron) stigmas in the control of Aspergillus species which is a notable causative agent of food rot and mycotoxins. Antifungal activities of saffron stigmas and toxin production were tested against Aspergillus niger, Aspergillus flavus and Aspergillus parasiticus in vitro. Saffron dried stigmas (0, 5, 10 mg ml-1) were added in Yeast Extract Sucrose (YES) medium and dry weight of the mycelium was measured after 0, 5, 10, 15, 20, 25 and 30 days after inoculation. Colorimetric procedure was used for safranal content in tested saffron and thin layer chromatography for aflatoxin B1 (AFB1) determination. Results indicated that the amounts of crocin, picrocrocin and safranal in saffron sample were 231±0.52, 87.16±0.85 and 34.86±0.25 mg. g-1 dw, respectively. When saffron was added at concentration of 10 mg·ml-1 to YES inoculated with Aspergillus species, mycelium growth decreased by 29-32% compared to control cultures without saffron addition. Conclusively when saffron was added to YES inoculated, AFB1 production decreased from 5µg·ml-1 to not detectable level compared to control cultures without saffron addition. The growth and AFB1 reduction were not significantly different betweenAspergillus species. The results suggest that saffron can be used in pharmaceutical and food formulations to inhibit Aspergillus species and toxin production. | ||
| کلیدواژه‌ها [English] | ||
| aflatoxin, inhibitory, saffron (Croccus sativus L.), aspergillus | ||
| مراجع | ||
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