| تعداد نشریات | 287 |
| تعداد نشریات سازمان | 85 |
| تعداد شمارهها | 3,159 |
| تعداد مقالات | 35,108 |
| تعداد مشاهده مقاله | 50,529,848 |
| تعداد دریافت فایل اصل مقاله | 90,478,340 |
زیستشناسی سرخرطومی Lixus fasciculatus بهعنوان مهارکنندۀ درمنه وحشی، Artemisia vulgaris در منطقۀ ارومیه | ||
| مهار زیستی در گیاهپزشکی | ||
| مقاله 4، دوره 5، شماره 1، شهریور 1396، صفحه 45-57 اصل مقاله (297.22 K) | ||
| نوع مقاله: مقاله پژوهشی | ||
| شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.22092/bcpp.2017.116070 | ||
| نویسندگان | ||
| سعید شهند1؛ یونس کریمپور* 2 | ||
| 1گروه گیاهپزشکی، دانشکدۀ کشاورزی، دانشگاه ارومیه، ارومیه | ||
| 2هیات علمی - دانشگاه ارومیه | ||
| چکیده | ||
| زیستشناسی سرخرطومی ساقهخوار درمنۀ وحشی Lixus fasciculaus Boheman (Col., Curculionidae) روی Artemisia vulgaris L. (Asteraceae) در اطراف ارومیه مورد مطالعه قرارگرفت. نتایج نشان داد که این سرخرطومی یک نسل در سال دارد و به شکل لارو کامل داخل ساقههای خشکیده گیاه میزبان زمستانگذرانی میکند. خروج حشرات کامل از اواسط اردیبهشت ماه آغاز میشود و پس از خروج، از برگهای تازه گیاه میزبان تغذیه و در طول زندگی خود بهطور متناوب جفتگیری میکنند. سرخرطومیهای ماده، با حفر سوراخی در ساقه درمنه تخمهای خود را بهصورت انفرادی درون ساقهها قرارداده و روی آنها را با بقایای گیاهی حاصل از جویدن ساقهها میپوشانند. میانگین باروری حشرات مادۀ سرخرطومی 6/4±4/23 تخم (دامنه 17 تا 32 تخم) برآورد شد. در شرایط طبیعی دورۀ رشد و نمو جنینی 8/1±3/8 روز (دامنه 6 تا 11 روز) طول کشید. لارو جوان پس از خارج شدن از تخم، با سوراخ کردن و نفوذ به درون ساقه از بافتهای داخلی آن تغذیه میکند. لارو کاملاً رشد یافته یک حفره شفیرگی در درون ساقه ایجاد و نهایتاً در آنجا به شفیره تبدیل میشود. کامل شدن دوره لاروی بیش از 10 ماه طول میکشد. لاروهای کامل تا دهۀ اول اردیبهشت ماه سال بعد در داخل ساقه باقی مانده و از اواخر فروردین شفیره شدن آنها آغاز میشود. بسته به شرایط آب و هوایی کامل شدن دورۀ شفیرگی 5/4±2/13 روز (دامنه 11 تا 19 روز) طول میکشد. حشرات کامل نسل جدید از اوایل اردیبهشت ماه ظاهر میشوند. در منطقۀ ارومیه لاروهای سرخرطومی L. fasciculatus توسط زنبورهای پارازیتوئیدRhaconotus aciculatus Ruthe, 1854 وSchizoprymnus telengai Tobias, 1976 (Hym.: Braconidae) و Eurytoma ussuriensis Zerova (1995) (Hym.: Eurytomidae) انگلی میشوند. ارتباط سرخرطومی L. fasciculatus با پارازیتوئیدهای ذکر شده و انتشار زنبورهای S. telengai و E. ussuriensisدر ایران نیز برای اولینبار گزارش میشود. | ||
| کلیدواژهها | ||
| درمنۀ وحشی؛ سرخرطومی Lixus fasciculatus؛ زیستشناسی؛ پارازیتوئید؛ ارومیه | ||
| عنوان مقاله [English] | ||
| Biology of mugwort weevil, Lixus fasciculatus (Col.: Curculionidae) on Artemisia vulgaris (Asteraceae) in Urmia region | ||
| نویسندگان [English] | ||
| Saeid Shahand1؛ Younes Karimpour2 | ||
| 2Academic Staff - Urmia University | ||
| چکیده [English] | ||
| The biology of Lixus fasciculatus Boheman, was studied on Artemisia vulgaris L. (Asteraceae) in the fields and field margins of Urmia region. The results revealed that, the weevil completes a single generation per year and overwinters as mature larvae inside the dried stems of host plant. Adults emerge from the dead stems, in early May. After emerging, they start to feed on the leaf tissues of the host plants and mate from time to time. Females then chew holes into the stem, and lay eggs singly in the each hole. The eggs were covered with plant fibers by females for protection. Female's fecundity was calculated as 23.4±4.6 (range: 17-32). In the natural conditions, the incubation period takes 8.3±1.8 (range: 6-11) days. Upon hatching, the young larvae bore into the stem where they feed on the tissue. The fully developed larvae make pupal cell in the stem and eventually pupate in it. Larval stage takes more than 10 months to complete inside the stem. The mature larvae stay inside the stem until late-April of the following year. The pupal stage begins in mid-April and depending on the environmental conditions lasts 13.2±4.5 (range: 11-19) days. The new generation of adults appears in the late April. The larvae of L. fasciculatus were parasitized by Rhaconotus aciculatus Ruthe, 1854 (Hym.: Braconidae), Schizoprymnus telengai Tobias, 1976 (Hym.: Braconidae) and Eurytoma ussuriensis Zeova (1995) (Hym.: Eurytomidae) in Urmia region. The association of L. fasciculatus with mentioned parasitoids are new findings. To our knowledge, this is the first report of S. telengai and E. ussuriensis from Iran. | ||
| کلیدواژهها [English] | ||
| Lixus fasciculatus, biology, parasitoids, mugwort, Urmia | ||
| مراجع | ||
|
Alonso-Zarazaga, M.A. & Lyal, C.H.C. 1999. A World Catalogue of Families and Genera of Curculionidea (Insecta: Coleoptera) (Excepting Scolytidae and Platypodidae). Entomopraxis, Barcelona (Spain). Ameri, A., Talebi, A.A., Rakhshani, E., Beyarslan, E. & Kamali, K. 2014. Taxonomic study of the subfamily Doryctinae (Hymenoptera: Braconidae) in Hormozgan province, southern Iran. Zoology and Ecology, 24: 40-54. Belokobylskij, S.A. 2001. New species of the genera Rhaconotus Ruthe, Ipodoryctes Granger and Arhaconotus Blkb. from the oriental region (Hymenoptera: Braconidae, Doryctinae). Zoosystematica Rossica, 10(1): 101-162. Belokobylskij, S.A. & Chen, X. 2004. The species of genus Rhaconotus Ruthe, 1854 (Hymenoptera: Braconidae: Doryctinae) from China with a key to species. Annales Zoologici (Warszawa), 54(2): 319-359. Beyarslan, A. 2014. A faunal study of the subfamily Doryctinae in Turkey (Hymenoptera: Braconidae). Turkish Journal of Zoology, 38: 1-18. Briese, D.T. 1996. Potential impact of the stem-boring weevil Lixus cardui on the growth and reproductive capacity of Onopordum thistle. Biocontrol Science and Technology, 6: 251-261. Chevallier, A. 1996. The encyclopedia of medicinal plants: A Practical Reference Guide to More Than 500 Key Medicinal Plants and Their Uses. DK Publishing. New York, NY. Denys, C. & Schmidt, H. 1998. Insect communities on experimental mugwort (Artemisia vulgaris L.) plots along an urban gradient. Oecologia, 113: 269-277. Farahani, S., Talebi, A.A. & Rakhshani, E. 2014. Wasps of the subfamily Doryctinae (Hymenoptera: Braconidae) in Iran. Zoology in the Middle East, 60: 65-81. Fathi, S.A.A., Abedi, A.A. & Lotfalizadeh, H.A. 2015. Effect of sugar beet field margin vegetation of population density of the sugar beet weevil, Lixus incanescens Boh. and the percentage of its larval parasitism. Journal of Applied Researches in Plant Protection. (In Persian with English summary). Freese, G. 1994. Insect complexes associated with the stem of seven thistle species. Entomologia Generalis, 19(3): 191-207. Groppe, K. 1990. Biology, ecology and parasitoids of Oxyna parietina L. (Dip.,Tephritidae), a possible candidate for the biological control of Artemisia vulgaris L. Journal of Applied Entomology, 110(5): 438-448. Güçlü, C. & Özbek, H.A. 2011. Contribution to the knowledge of the subfamily Brachistinae (Hymenoptera: Braconidae) in Turkey. Journal of the Entomological Research Society, 13(3): 15-26. Gültekin, L. 2004. Weevils associated with Musk thistle (Carduus nutans) and biology of Lixus filiformis (Fabricius)(Coleoptera: Curculionidae) in Northeastern of Turkey. Journal of the Entomological Research Society, 6(3): 1-8. Gultekin, L. 2007. Oviposition niches and behavior of the genus Lixus Fabricius (Coleoptera: Curculionidae, Lixinae). Entomologia Fennica, 18, 74-81. Gültekin L., Zengin H. & Hayat R. 2004. Life history of Lixus bardanae on curly dock (Rumex crispus) in Turkey.Phytoparasitica 32(1): 97-99. Gültekin, L. & Korotyaev B.A. 2011. Natural history of the crambe feeder, Lixus circumcinctus (Coleoptera: Curculionidae). Florida Entomologist, 94(4): 987-992. Holm, L., Doll, J., Holm, E., Pancho, J. & Herberger, J. 1997. Artemisia vulgaris L. World Weeds: Natural Histories and Distributions. John Wiley and Sons, NY. Javadi Emamzadeh, P. & Karimpour, Y. 2014. Seasonal activity and biology of cotton thistle stem-boring weevil Lixus cardui biocontrol agent of cotton thistles, Onopordum spp. in Urmia region. Biocontrol in Plant Protection, 1(2): 41-54. (In Persian with English summary). Julien, M.H., Kassulke, R.C. & Harley, K.L.S. 1984. Lixus cribricollis (Col., Curculionidae) for biological control of weeds Emex spp. and Rumex crispus in Australia. Enthomophaga, 27(4): 439-446. Kruess, A. Eber, S. Kluth, S. & Tscharntke, T. 2008. Plant-insect-pathogen interactions on local and regional scales. pp. 155-169. In: Weisser, W.W. & Siemann, E. (eds.), Insects and Ecosystem Functions. Springer-Verlag Berlin, Heidelberg. Medvedev, G.S. 1995. Keys to the Insects of the European Part of the USSR, Volume III, Hymenoptera, Part IV, Amerind Publishing Co. Pvt. Ltd., New Delhi. Nikulina, O.N. 1989. Biology of weevils of the genus Lixus (Coleoptera: Curculionidae) developing in Tajikistan. Entomologischeskoye Obozreniye, 3, 511-521. (In Russian). Parvizi, R. & Javanmoghadam. H. 1988. Investigation on some biological features of the sugar beet weevil (Lixus incanescens Boh.). Entomologieet Phytopathologie Appliqués, 55(1-2): 1-8. (In Persian). Samin, N., Ghahari, H., Gadallah, N.S. & Davidian, E. 2014. A study on the Braconidae (Hymenoptera: Ichneumonoidea) from West Azarbaijan province, Northern Iran. Linzer Biologische Beiträge, 46(2): 1447-1478. Schmitz, G. 1999. Phytophagous arthropod fauna (Acari, Insecta) of the mugwort species Artemisiavulgaris (Asteraceae) in Central Europe. Entomologia Generalis, 24: 145–160. Şengonca, C. 1981. Investigations on the safflower pest Lixus speciosus Mill. (Coleoptera: Curculionidae) in the Cukurova plain of South Anatolia. Rijksuniversiteit Gent, 46(2): 623-628. Skuhrovec, J. & Volovnik, S. 2015. Biology and morphology of immature stages of Lixus canescens (Coleoptera: Curculionidae: Lixinae). Zootaxa, 4033(3): 350-362. Sobhian, R., Fumanal, B. & Pitcairn, M. 2003. Observations on the host specificity and biology of Lixus salsolae (Col., Curculionidae), a potential biological control agent of Russian thistle, Salsola tragus (Chenopodiaceae) in North America.Journal of Applied Entomology, 127: 322-324. Sobhian, R. Tunç, I. & Erler, F. 1999. Preliminary studies on the biology and host specificity of Aceria salsolae DeLillo and Sobhian (Acari, Eriophidae) and Lixus salsolae Becker (Col., Curculionidae), two candidates for biological control of Salsola kali. Journal of Applied Entomology, 123(4): 205-209. Ter-Minassian, M.E. 1967. Weevils of the Subfamily Cleoninae in the USSR. Tribe Lixini. Key to the USSR Fauna. Published by Zoological Institute, Academy of the Sciences of USSR. 95 Nauka, Leningrad. Trnka, F., Stejskal, R. & Skuhrovic, J. 2016. The morphology of the immature stages of two rare Lixus species (Coleoptera, Curculionidae, Lixinae) and notes on their biology. ZooKeys, 604: 87-116. Uva, R.H., Neal, J.C. & Di Tomaso, J.M. 1997. Weeds of the Northeast. Cornell University Press, Ithaca, NY. Volovnik, S. 2012. On biology and distribution of weevil Lixus fasciculatus (Coleoptera: Curculionidae) - a potential agent against Artemisia weeds. Munis Entomology and Biology, 7(2): 946-950. Yildirim, E. & Özbek, H. 1992. Insect fauna of sugar beet growing areas of Erzurum sugar factory. Proceedings of the second Turkish national congress of entomology, 28-31. Zerova, M.D. 1995. 42. Family Eurytomidae: Key to the insects of Russian far east in six volumes, 4(2): 257-286. Zwölfer, H. & Harris, P. 1984. Biology and host specificity of Rhinocyllus conicus (Froel.) (Col., Curculionidae) a successful agent for the biocontrol of the thistle, Carduus nutans L. Journal of Applied Entomology, 97: 36-62. Zwölfer, H. & Zimmermann, H. 2008. The potential of phytophagous insects in restoring invaded ecosystems: Examples from weed biological control. pp. 135-150. In: Weisser, W.W. & Siemann, E. (eds.), Insects and Ecosystem Functions. Springer-Verlag Berlin, Heidelberg. | ||
|
آمار تعداد مشاهده مقاله: 822 تعداد دریافت فایل اصل مقاله: 539 |
||