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تأثیر زمان و مقدار کاربرد علف کش سولفوسولفورون بر کنترل علف پشمکی ژاپنی (.Bromus japonicus Thunb) در ارقام مختلف گندم | ||
| دانش علفهای هرز ایران | ||
| مقاله 3، دوره 13، شماره 1، شهریور 1396، صفحه 29-44 اصل مقاله (3.88 M) | ||
| نوع مقاله: مقاله پژوهشی | ||
| شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.22092/ijws.2017.1301.03 | ||
| نویسندگان | ||
| منصور سارانی* 1؛ علی قنبری2؛ محمد گلوی3؛ ابراهیم ایزدی دربندی2؛ محمدعلی باغستانی4 | ||
| 1گروه زاعت و اصلاح نباتات، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه فردوسی مشهد، مشهد، ایران | ||
| 2گروه زراعت، دانشگاه فردوسی مشهد | ||
| 3گروه زراعت، دانشگاه زابل | ||
| 4استاد موسسه تحقیقات گیاهپزشکی کشور | ||
| چکیده | ||
| علفپشمکی ژاپنی (Bromus japonicus Thunb.) مهمترین علفهرز باریکبرگ یکساله زمستانه در مزارع گندم استان سیستان و بلوچستان به شمار میرود. آزمایش مزرعهای در سالهای 1393 و 1394 با هدف بررسی اثرات زمان و مقدار مصرف علفکش سولفوسولفورون در کنترل علفهرز علفپشمکی در ارقام مختلف گندم در ایستگاه تحقیقات کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی زهک، زابل انجام شد. سه رقم گندم (هیرمند، کلکافغانی، سیستان)، سه مرحله کاربرد علفکش بر اساس فنولوژی علفهرز (3-2 برگی، 5-4 برگی، پنجهزنی) و چهار مقدار مصرف (شاهد بدون علفکش، 17، 22، 27 گرم ماده تجاری آپیروس در هکتار)، به صورت آزمایش فاکتوریل در قالب طرح بلوکهای کامل تصادفی با سه تکرار انجام شد. در همه ارقام، کاربرد علفکش سولفوسولفورون در مرحله 5-4 برگی و پنجهزنی علفهرز به ترتیب بیشترین و کمترین کارایی را بر کنترل علفپشمکی از خود نشان داد. در تیمار کاربرد در مرحله پنجهزنی علفپشمکی در رقم هیرمند، مقدار علفکش مورد نیاز برای کاهش تراکم علفپشمکی به نصف بیشینه حتی از مقدار توصیه شده هم بالاتر رفت (3/28= ). در همه ارقام و مراحل کاربرد ، بین مقدار مصرفی 22 و 27 گرم ماده تجاری در هکتار اختلاف معنیداری مشاهده نگردید. نرخ افزایش عملکرد دانه به ازای کاهش در تراکم علفپشمکی برای رقم هیرمند در بالاترین (31/0=b) و برای رقم کلکافغانی کمترین (14/0=b) مقدار بود. | ||
| کلیدواژهها | ||
| تراکم؛ توان رقابتی؛ مدل لجستیک؛ مدیریت تلفیقی علفهایهرز | ||
| عنوان مقاله [English] | ||
| The effect of time and rate of sulfosulfuron application on Bromus japonicus Thunb. control in different wheat cultivars | ||
| نویسندگان [English] | ||
| Mansoor Sarani1؛ Ali Ghanbari2؛ Mohammad Galavi3؛ Ebrahim Izadi Darbandi2؛ Mohammad Ali Baghestani Meybodi4 | ||
| 1Department of Agronomy, Faculty of Agriculture, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran | ||
| 2Department of Agronomy, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad | ||
| 3Department of Agronomy, University of Zabol | ||
| 4Iranian Research Institute of Plant Protection | ||
| چکیده [English] | ||
| Japanese brome (Bromus japonicus Thumb.) is the most important winter annual grass weed in the wheat fields of Sistan & Baloochestan province. During 2013-2014 and 2014-2015 growing season at Zahak Agriculture and Natural Resources Research Station, Zabol, field experiments were conducted to investigate the effect of rate and time of sulfosulforoun application in order to control Japanese brome in different wheat cultivars. Three wheat cultivars (Hirmand, Kalak Afghani, Sistan), three stages of herbicide application (2-3 leaves, 4-5 leaves, tillering of B. japonicus) and four herbicide doses (control, 17, 22, 22 gr. ha-1) of the commercial form of Apirus 75% were arranged in a factorial experiment under a randomized completed blocks design.Japanese brome density and dry weight were measured 30 days after final herbicide application. We also evaluated biological and grain yields of wheat at harvest. In all cultivars, herbicide application at 4-5 leaves and tillering of Japanese bromeshowed the highest and lowest weed density and dry weight respectively. Based on a logistic model fitted to density data of Japanese brome, the estimated dose to 50% loss in Hirmand at tillering stage was more than labeled-recommendation dose of sulfosulforoun ( =28.3). The grain yield values in Hirmand and Kalak Afghani cultivars showed the highest and lowest in response to. Japanese bromedensity, respectively. | ||
| کلیدواژهها [English] | ||
| Competitive ability, Density, integrated weed management, logistic model | ||
| مراجع | ||
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