| تعداد نشریات | 282 |
| تعداد نشریات سازمان | 80 |
| تعداد شمارهها | 3,168 |
| تعداد مقالات | 35,197 |
| تعداد مشاهده مقاله | 50,932,587 |
| تعداد دریافت فایل اصل مقاله | 90,938,126 |
تأثیر کاربرد بیوچار بر عملکرد و اجزای عملکرد سیاهدانه (.Nigella sativa L) در شرایط کم آبیاری | ||
| تحقیقات گیاهان دارویی و معطر ایران | ||
| مقاله 12، دوره 33، شماره 5 - شماره پیاپی 85، دی 1396، صفحه 837-852 اصل مقاله (291.38 K) | ||
| نوع مقاله: مقاله پژوهشی | ||
| شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.22092/ijmapr.2017.114596.2075 | ||
| نویسندگان | ||
| فاطمه عباس پور1؛ حمیدرضا اصغری* 2؛ پرویز رضوانیمقدم3؛ حمید عباس دخت2؛ جواد شباهنگ4؛ عادل بیگ بابایی5 | ||
| 1دانشجوی دکترا، گروه زراعت، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه صنعتی شاهرود، شاهرود، ایران | ||
| 2دانشیار، گروه زراعت، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه صنعتی شاهرود، شاهرود، ایران | ||
| 3استاد، گروه زراعت، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه فردوسی مشهد، مشهد، ایران | ||
| 4استادیار، گروه زراعت، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه فردوسی مشهد، مشهد، ایران | ||
| 5استادیار، گروه شیمی فیزیک، پژوهشکده علوم و صنایع غذایی خراسان رضوی، مشهد، ایران | ||
| چکیده | ||
| بهمنظور بررسی تأثیر بیوچار بر صفات کمّی سیاهدانه (Nigella sativa L.) در شرایط کم آبیاری، آزمایشی بهصورت اسپلیت پلات فاکتوریل در قالب طرح بلوکهای کامل تصادفی با سه تکرار اجرا شد. تیمارها شامل آبیاری بهعنوان عامل اصلی در سه سطح 100% (I1)، 70% (I2) و 40% (I3) نیاز آبی و کرتهای فرعی شامل فاکتور بیوچار در سه سطح شامل بدون بیوچار (B1)، 10 تن در هکتار بیوچار (B2) و 20 تن در هکتار بیوچار (B3)؛ و کود شیمیایی در دو سطح شامل بدون مصرف کود (F1) و مصرف کود (F2) بود. نتایج نشان داد که مصرف10 تن در هکتار بیوچار در مقایسه با مصرف20 تن در هکتار، تعداد دانه در بوته و وزن دانه در بوته را بهطور معنیداری افزایش داد. کاربرد کود شیمیایی بر کلیه صفات سیاهدانه بجز وزن هزاردانه معنیدار بود. با وجود معنیدار نبودن اثر ساده بیوچار بر عملکرد دانه و بیولوژیک، اثر متقابل آن با کود شیمیایی و نیاز آبی معنیدار شد. در استفاده همزمان 10 تن در هکتار بیوچار بههمراه کود شیمیایی و آبیاری براساس 70% نیاز آبی (I2B2F2)، بیشترین میزان افزایش عملکرد دانه و عملکرد بیولوژیک (بهترتیب با 1356 کیلوگرم در هکتار و 5776 کیلوگرم در هکتار) بدست آمد. به این ترتیب کاربرد مقدار متعادلی از بیوچار بههمراه کود شیمیایی بهدلیل بهبود عناصر غذایی خاک و کاهش آبشویی نیتروژن، علاوهبر تأثیر بهینه بر عملکرد، میزان آب مصرفی در تولید سیاهدانه را نیز کاهش داد. | ||
| کلیدواژهها | ||
| آبشویی؛ عملکرد دانه؛ کود شیمیایی؛ نیاز آبی | ||
| عنوان مقاله [English] | ||
| Effects of biochar application on yield and yield components of black seed (Nigella sativa L.) under low irrigation conditions | ||
| نویسندگان [English] | ||
| F. Abbaspour1؛ H.R. Asghri2؛ P. Rezvani Moghaddam3؛ H. Abbasdokht2؛ J. Shabahang4؛ A. Baig Babaei5 | ||
| 1Ph.D. student, Faculty of Agriculture, Shahrood University of Technology, Shahrood, Iran | ||
| 2Faculty of Agriculture, Shahrood University of Technology, Shahrood, Iran | ||
| 3Faculty of Agriculture, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran | ||
| 4Faculty of Agriculture, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran | ||
| 5Research Institute of Food Science and Technology, Mashhad, Iran | ||
| چکیده [English] | ||
| A field experiment was conducted focusing on the effects of biochar on quantity characteristics of Black Seed (Nigella sativa L.) under water deficit conditions. The experimental design was split plot factorial in a randomized complete block design with three replications. Three levels of irrigation (I1: 100%, I2: 70% and I3: 40% of water irrigation requirement) were assigned as main plots and the combination of three levels of biochar (B1: 0, B2: 10 and B3:20 t.ha-1) and two levels of chemical fertilizers (F1: without and F2: with chemical fertilizer) were allocated as sub plots. Results were shown that seed number per plant and seed weight per plant significantly increased by 10 t.ha-1 biochar application compared with 20 t.ha-1. Chemical fertilizer significantly affected the yield components of black seed except 1000-seed weight. The interaction between biochar, chemical fertilizer and water requirements significantly affected the seed yield and biological yield. The result revealed that the application of 10 t.ha-1 biochar plus 70% water irrigation requirement and using chemical fertilizer (I2B2F2) produced the highest seed yield and biological yield (1365 and 5776 kg.ha-1, respectively). Application of biochar combined with chemical fertilizers could improve soil nutrient and water availability conditions and increased the yield of black seed. | ||
| کلیدواژهها [English] | ||
| Leaching, seed yield, chemical fertilizer, Water requirement | ||
| مراجع | ||
|
- Akhondian, J., Parsa, A. and Rakhshandeh, H., 2007. The effect of Nigella sativa (black cumin seed) on intractable pediatric seizures. Medical of Science Monit, 13: 555-559. - Akom, M., Boateng, C.H.O., Otoo1, E. and Dawoe, E., 2015. Effect of biochar and inorganic fertilizer in Yam (Dioscorea rotundata Poir) production in a forest agroecological zone. Journal of Agricultural Science, 7: 211-222. - Arif, M., Asad, A., Umair, M., Munsif, F., Kawsar, A., Inamullah, M., Saleem, M. and Gohar, A., 2012. Effect of biochar, FYM and mineral nitrogen alone and in combination on yield components of maize. Sarhad Journal of Agriculture, 28(2): 191-195. - Berek, A.K., Hue, N. and Ahmad, A., 2011. Beneficial use of biochar to correct soil acidity. The Food Provider: 1-3. - Boskabady, M.H., Javan, H., Sajady, M. and Rakhshandeh, H., 2007. The possible prophylactic effect of Nigella sativa seed extract in asthmatic patients. Fundamental and Clinical Pharmacology, 21: 559-566. - Chaudhry, U.K., Shahzad, S., Naqqash, M.N., Saboor, A., Yaqoob, S., Abbas, M.S. and Saeed, F., 2016. Integration of biochar and chemical fertilizer to enhance quality of soil and wheat crop (Triticum aestivum L.). Journal of Biodiversity and Environmental Sciences, 9(1): 348-358. - Cornelissen, G., Martinsen, V., Shitumbanuma, V., Alling, V., Breedveld, G.D., Rutherford, D.W., Sparrevik, M., Hale, S.E., Obia, A. and Mulder, J., 2013. Biochar effect on maize yield and soil characteristics in five conservation farming sites in Zambia. Agronomy, 3: 256-274. - de Melo Carvalho, M.T., De Holanda Nunes Maia, A., Madari, B.E., Bastiaans, L., Van Oort, P.A.J., Heinemann, A.B., Soler da Silva, M.A., Petter, F.A., Marimon Jr., B.H. and Meinke, H., 2014. Biochar increases plant-available water in a sandy loam soil under an aerobic rice crop system. Solid Earth, 5: 939-952. - Dispenza, V., Pasquale, C.D., Fascella, G., Mammano, M.M. and Alonzo, G., 2016. Use of biochar as peat substitute for growing substrates of Euphorbia × lomi potted plants. Spanish Journal of Agricultural Research, 14(4): 1-11. - Ebrahimi, M., Zamani, Gh.R. and Alizadeh, Z., 2017. A study on the effects of water deficit on physiological and yield-related traits of pot marigold (Calendula officinalis L.). Iranian Journal of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants, 33(3): 492-508. - Fiaz, K., Malik, S.A, Younis, U., Danish, S., Raza Shah, M.H. and Niaz, S., 2014. Drought impact on Pb/Cd toxicity remediated by biochar in Brassica campestris. Journal of Soil Science and Plant Nutrition, 14(4): 845-854. - Gebremedhin, G.H., Haileselassie, B., Berhe, D. and Belay, T., 2015. Effect of biochar on yield and yield Components of wheat and post-harvest soil properties in Tigray, Ethiopia. Journal of Fertilizers and Pesticides, 6: 158-162. - Ghamarnia, H., Miri, E. and Ghobadei, M., 2014. Determination of water requirement, single and dual crop coefficients of black cumin (Nigella sativa L.) in a semi-arid climate. Irrigation Science, 32(1): 67-76. - Glaser, B., Lehmann, J. and Zech, W., 2002. Ameliorating physical and chemical properties of highly weathered soils in the tropics with charcoal-a review. Biology and Fertility of Soils, 35: 219-230. - Gokila, B. and Baskar, K., 2015. Influence of biochar as soil amendment on yield and quality of maize. International Journal of Plant, Animal and Environmental Sciences, 5: 152-155. - Howard, H., 2011. The effect of biochar on the root development of corn and soybeans in Minnesota soil and sand. International Biochar Initiative, 24 June , <http://www.biochar‐international.org/ - Ibrahim, O.M., Bakry, A.B., El kramany, M.F. and Elewa, T.A., 2015. Evaluating the role of bio-char application under two levels of water requirements on wheat production under sandy soil conditions. Global Journal of Advanced Resarch, 2(2): 411-418. - Jemal, K. and Abebe, A., 2016. Determination of bio-char rate for improved production of Lemmon grass. International journal of Advanced Biological and Biomedical Research, 4(2): 149-157. - Khosroshahi, M., 2013. Estimating water requirement of Prosopis juliflora at different habitates of Persian Gulf-Aman Sea region of Iran. Iranian Journal of Forest and Poplar Research, 21(2): 300-315. - Laird, D.A., Fleming, P., Davis, D.D., Horton, R., Wang, B. and Karlen, D.L., 2010. Impact of biochar amendments on the quality of a typical Midwestern agricultural soil. Geoderma, 158(3-4): 443-449. - Mozzafari, F., Ghorbanli, S., Babai, M. and Farzami, A., 2000. The effect of water stress on the seed oil of Nigella sativa L. Journal of Essential Oil Research, 12: 36-38. - Mukome, F.N.D., Six, J. and Parikh, S.J., 2012. The effects of walnut shell and wood feedstock biochar amendments on greenhouse gas emissions from a fertile soil. Geoderma, 200(201): 90-98. - Nigussie, A., Endalkachew Kissi, E., Misganaw, M. and Ambaw, G., 2012. Effect of biochar application on soil properties and nutrient uptake of lettuces (Lactuca sativa) grown in chromium polluted soils. American-Eurasian Journal of Agriclture and Environment Science, 12(3): 369-376. - Rab, A., Rabnawaz Khan, M., Ul Haq, S., Zahid, S., Asim, M., Afridi, M.Z., Arif, M. and Munsif, F., 2016. Impact of biochar on mungbean yield and yield components. Pure and Applied Biology, 5(3): 632-640. - Rezvani Moghaddam, P., Seyedi, S.M. and Azad, M., 2014. Effects of organic, chemical and biological sources of nitrogen on nitrogen use efficiency in black seed (Nigella sativa L.). Iranian Journal of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants, 30(2): 260-274. - Schulz, H., Dunst, G. and Glaser, B., 2014. No effect level of co-composted biochar on plant growth and soil properties in a greenhouse experiment. Agronomy, 4: 34-51. - Shabanzadeh, S.H., Ramroudi, M. and Galavi, M., 2011. Influence of micronutrients foliar application on seed yield and quality traits of black cumin in different irrigation regimes. Journal of Crop Production and Processing, 1(2): 79-89. - Sika, M.P., 2012. Effect of biochar on chemistry, nutrient uptake and fertilizer mobility in sandy soil. M.Sc Thesis, Department of Soil Science, Stellenbosch University, Stellenbosch. - Soderberg, K., 2013. Effects of Biochar Amendment in Soils from Kisumu, Kenya. Independent project in Biology, Department of Soil and Environment, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Uppsala. - Teat, A.L., 2014. Yield and physiological responses of the bioenergy crop Miscanthus × giganteus to fertilizer, biochar and drought. M.Sc Thesis, Department of Biology, Appalachian State University, North Carolina. - Uzoma, K., Inoue, M., Andry, H., Fujimaki, H., Zahoor, A. and Nishihara, E., 2011. Effect of cow manure biochar on maize productivity under sandy soil condition. Soil Use Manage, 27: 205-212. - Yu, O.Y., Raichle, B. and Sink, S., 2013. Impact of biochar on the water holding capacity of loamy sand soil. International Journal of Energy and Environmental Engineering, 4(1): 44-52. | ||
|
آمار تعداد مشاهده مقاله: 1,441 تعداد دریافت فایل اصل مقاله: 999 |
||