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بررسی تنوع ژنتیکی اکوتیپ‌های مختلف رازیانه (Foeniculum vulgare Mill.) براساس خصوصیات مورفو-فنولوژیکی | ||
| تحقیقات گیاهان دارویی و معطر ایران | ||
| مقاله 8، دوره 33، شماره 5 - شماره پیاپی 85، دی 1396، صفحه 779-792 اصل مقاله (415.34 K) | ||
| نوع مقاله: مقاله پژوهشی | ||
| شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.22092/ijmapr.2017.108103.1874 | ||
| نویسندگان | ||
| علی ایزانلو* 1؛ عالیه جامی2؛ محمد ضابط1؛ علیرضا صمدزاده3 | ||
| 1استادیار، گروه زراعت و اصلاح نباتات، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه بیرجند، بیرجند، ایران | ||
| 2دانش‌آموخته کارشناسی ارشد، گروه زراعت و اصلاح نباتات، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه بیرجند، بیرجند، ایران | ||
| 3مربی، گروه زراعت و اصلاح نباتات، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه بیرجند، بیرجند، ایران | ||
| چکیده | ||
| رازیانه از مهمترین و قدیمی‌ترین گیاهان دارویی و متعلق به خانواده چتریان می‌باشد. به منظور بررسی تنوع ژنتیکی و روابط بین صفات مورفو-فنولوژیکی در اکوتیپ‌های رازیانه، آزمایشی با 33 اکوتیپ مختلف رازیانه در قالب طرح آگمنت نسبتاً تکرارشده در باغ دانشکده کشاورزی دانشگاه بیرجند اجرا گردید. صفات تعداد روز تا 50 درصد گلدهی، تعداد روز تا 50 درصد رسیدگی دانه، ارتفاع گیاه تا چتر اصلی، ارتفاع کل گیاه، تعداد شاخه‌های اصلی گیاه، تعداد چتر در بوته، تعداد چتر بارور گیاه، تعداد چترک در چتر اصلی، تعداد دانه در چتر اصلی، طول میانگره، تعداد میانگره انتهایی، و عملکرد دانه گیاه اندازه گیری شدند. با توجه به نتایج تجزیه ریمل، اختلاف معنی-دار بین اکوتیپ‌های مختلف از نظر اکثر صفات مورد بررسی مشاهده شد. وراثت‌پذیری عمومی برای صفات مختلف بین 14 و 93 درصد برآورد گردید. صفات مطلوب برای بهبود کارآیی گزینش اکوتیپ‌های مطلوب شامل تعداد دانه در چتر اصلی، تعداد چتر بارور گیاه، تعداد چترک در چتر اصلی، تعداد چتر بودند که همبستگی مثبت معنی داری با عملکرد دانه نشان دادند. نتایج تجزیه بای پلات نشان داد که اکوتیپ‌های اهواز، 54، کرمان، نیریز و رزن در اکثر صفات برتر بودند. نتایج تجزیه خوشه‌ای اکوتیپ ها را در دو خوشه قرار داد. با توجه به نتایج این آزمایش، تنوع قابل ملاحظه ای بین اکوتیپ های رازیانه مورد مطالعه وجود دارد و ﻣﻲﺗﻮان از طرﻳق ﺗﻼﻗﻲ ﺑﻴﻦ اکوتیپ های ﺑﺮﺗﺮ ﺧﻮﺷﻪﻫﺎی ﻣﺨﺘﻠﻒ و آزﻣﻮن ﻧﺘﺎج آﻧﻬﺎ از طریق ﺑﺮﻧﺎﻣﻪﻫﺎی ﺑﻪﻧﮋادی و اﻧﺘﺨﺎب ﻧﺴﺒﺖ ﺑﻪ تولید ارقام با خصوصیات زراعی مطلوب اقدام نمود. | ||
| کلیدواژه‌ها | ||
| طرح آگمنت نسبتاً تکرارشده؛ تنوع ژنتیکی؛ تجزیه ریمل (REML)؛ رازیانه (Foeniculum vulgare Mill.) | ||
| عنوان مقاله [English] | ||
| Assessment of genetic diversity of different fennel (Foeniculum vulgare Mill.) ecotypes based on morpho-phenological traits | ||
| نویسندگان [English] | ||
| A. Izanloo1؛ A. Jami2؛ M. Zabet1؛ A.R. Samadzadeh3 | ||
| 1Department of Agronomy and Plant Breeding, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Birjand, Birjand, Iran | ||
| 2M.Sc. Graduated, Department of Agronomy and Plant Breeding, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Birjand, Birjand, Iran | ||
| 3Department of Agronomy and Plant Breeding, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Birjand, Birjand, Iran | ||
| چکیده [English] | ||
| Fennel (Foeniculum vulgare Mill.), belonging to Apiaceae family, is one of the oldest medicinal plants. Knowing the genetic diversity is an important factor in each breeding program. The aim of this study was to characterize fennel ecotypes based on morpho-phenological traits and determine the genetic diversity based on the phenotype. In this study, 32 different fennel ecotypes were evaluated in a p-rep augmented design in the garden of Faculty of Agriculture, University of Birjand. Traits including the number of days to 50% flowering, days to 50% maturity, plant height to main umbel, total plant height, number of main branches per plant, number of umbels per plant, effective umbels per plant, number of umbelets per main umbel, number of seed per umbel, internode length, number of internodes, and grain yield were measured. According to REML analysis, significant differences were observed among different fennel ecotypes for most of the traits studied. The estimated broad-sense heritability of traits ranged from 14 to 93 percent. The desirable traits to improve selection efficiency were the number of seeds per main umbel, number of umbels per plant, number of umbelets per main umbel, and number of umbels, which showed positive significant correlation with grain yield. The results of biplot analysis showed that ecotypes of Ahvaz, 54, Kerman, Neyriz and Razan were superior for most of the traits. Cluster analysis grouped the ecotypes into two clusters. According to the results of this study, there is a significant variability among the fennel ecotypes studied. Thus, crossing between superior ecotypes of each cluster and testing their progeny through breeding and selection will help to produce cultivars with desirable agronomic characteristics. | ||
| کلیدواژه‌ها [English] | ||
| P-rep augmented design, Genetic diversity, REML analysis, fennel (Foeniculum vulgare Mill.) | ||
| مراجع | ||
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