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بررسی اثر تراکم و تاریخ کاشت گیاه مادری بر جوانهزنی و بنیه بذر سویا | ||
| علوم و فناوری بذر ایران | ||
| مقاله 18، دوره 6، شماره 1 - شماره پیاپی 11، خرداد 1396، صفحه 219-233 اصل مقاله (671.98 K) | ||
| نوع مقاله: مقاله پژوهشی | ||
| شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.22034/ijsst.2017.113941 | ||
| نویسندگان | ||
| حسین صادقی* 1؛ حسین حیدری شریف آباد2؛ آیدین حمیدی3؛ قربان نورمحمدی4؛ حمید مدنی5 | ||
| 1گروه زراعت، دانشکده علوم کشاورزی و صنایع غذایی، دانشگاه آژاد واحد علوم تحقیقات، تهران، ایران. | ||
| 2عضو هیئت علمی/ گروه زراعت، دانشکده علوم کشاورزی و صنایع غذایی، دانشگاه آژاد واحد علوم تحقیقات، تهران، ایران. | ||
| 3دانشیار پژوهش، موسسه تحقیقات ثبت و گواهی بذر و نهال، کرج، ایران. | ||
| 4عضو هیئت علمی/گروه زراعت، واحد علوم و تحقیقات، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، تهران، ایران. | ||
| 5عضو هیئت علمی، گروه زراعت، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی واحد اراک، اراک، ایران. | ||
| چکیده | ||
| به‌منظور بررسی اثر دمای بالا از طریق تاریخ کاشت و تراکم بوته بر کیفیت بذر سویا، آزمایشی به صورت طرح خردشده عاملی (اسپلیت فاکتوریل) بر مبنای طرح پایه بلوک‌های کامل تصادفی با سه تکرار در مرکز تحقیقات کشاورزی مغان و مؤسسه تحقیقات ثبت و گواهی بذر و نهال کرج در سال زراعی 92-1391 انجام شد. عوامل مورد بررسی تاریخ کاشت (شامل سه سطح 15 اردیبهشت، 15 خرداد و 15 تیر)، سه سطح تراکم کاشت 300، 400 و 500 هزار بوته در هکتار و دو رقم ویلیامز و L17 بودند. نتایج آزمون جوانهزنی استاندارد نشان داد که بیشترین درصد گیاهچه های عادی در منطقه مغان(92.1%) در تاریخ کاشت 15 خرداد و در منطقه کرج (96.2%)در تاریخ کاشت 15 تیر به دست آمد همچنین، مشخص شد که در منطقه مغان رقم L17 و در منطقه کرج رقم ویلیامز بیشترین درصد گیاهچه‌های عادی را داشتند. نتایج آزمون پیری تسریع شده نشان داد که درصد گیاهچه‌های عادی پس از آزمون پیری تسریع شده در منطقه کرج بیشتر بود و این حکایت از بهتر بودن کیفیت بذر تولیدی در منطقه کرج نسبت به مغان دارد. در تراکم‍های کاشت 300 و 400 هزار بوته در هکتار بین دو منطقه تفاوت معنی‌داری وجود نداشت و در هر دو تراکم کاشت، منطقه کرج نسبت به مغان برتری داشت اما در تراکم 500 هزار بوته درصد گیاهچه‌های عادی پس از آزمون پیری تسریع شده در منطقه کرج (77.6%) نسبت به منطقه مغان (58%) تفاوت معنی‌داری داشت. بیشترین شاخص وزنی بنیه گیاهچه (11.75) در تراکم 400 هزار بوته در هکتار در تاریخ کاشت 15 تیرماه در منطقه کرج مشاهده شد و کم‌ترین آن (5.41) در تاریخ کاشت 15 اردیبهشت در تراکم 300 هزار بوته درهکتار درمنطقه کرج بود. | ||
| کلیدواژه‌ها | ||
| پرشدن بذر؛ پیری تسریع شده؛ جوانهزنی استاندارد؛ دما؛ رشد زایشی؛ کیفیت بذر | ||
| عنوان مقاله [English] | ||
| Evaluation the effects of mother plant planting date and density on germination and vigor of soybean seed | ||
| نویسندگان [English] | ||
| H. Sadeghi1؛ H Heidari Sharifabad2؛ A. Hamidi3؛ Gh. Nourmohammadi4؛ H. Madani5 | ||
| 1Dept. of Agronomy, Faculty of Agricultural Sciences and Food Industries, SRBIAU, Tehran, Iran. | ||
| 2Prof./Dept. of Agronomy, Faculty of Agricultural Sciences and Food Industries, SRBIAU,Tehran, Iran. | ||
| 3Research Associate Prof./Seed and Plant Certification and Registration Institute (SPCRI), Karaj, Iran. | ||
| 4Prof./Dept. of Agronomy, SRBIAU, Tehran, Iran. | ||
| 5Associate Prof., Dept. of Agronomy, Arak Branch of IAU, Arak, Iran. | ||
| چکیده [English] | ||
| High temperature during seed set and seed filling can reduce yield and seed quality. In order to evaluate the effect of high temperature during planting date and also plant density on soybean seed quality, an experiment was conducted at two locations, namely, Seed and Plant Certification and Registration Institute in Karaj and Agricultural and Natural Resource Center of Moghan, in 2013. The studied factors were included planting date (5th of May, 5th of June and 5th of July), plant density (300, 400 and 500 thousand plant/ha) and soybean varieties (Williams and L17) were sown in the rate of 40 plants per m-2 at 5th May, 5th June and 5th July. The experiment was conducted as a factorial based on a randomized complete block design (RCBD) with three replications. The results of standard germination test showed that in Moghan area, the highest normal seedling percentage (92.1%) was obtained at fifth of June and in Karaj area, it (96.2%) was gained at fifth of July. In addition, it was noticed that cv. L17 in Moghan and cv. Williams in Karaj had the highest normal seedling percentage. The results of accelerated aging test was cleared that the normal seedling percentage in karaj was more than Moghan area and it showed that the quality of seed that were produced in Karaj was better than Moghan area. There was no significant difference between areas in 300 and 400 thousand of plant/ha and in these both density, the result of Karaj was better than Moghan area, but there was significant difference between normal seedling percentage after accelerated aging test in Karaj (77.6%) and Moghan (58%) in 500 thousand plant/ha. The highest seedling vigor index (11.75) was obtained in 400 thousand plants/ha at fifth of July in Karaj area and the lowest rate of it (5.41) was observed in 300 thousand plants/ha at fifth of June in Karaj area. | ||
| کلیدواژه‌ها [English] | ||
| accelerated aging, Reproductive growth, Seed filling, Seed quality, Standard germination, temperature | ||
| مراجع | ||
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