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بررسی تأثیر تیمار کلشیسین بر برخی خصوصیات مورفولوژیکی، فیزیولوژیکی و مواد مؤثره در نوروزک (Salvia leriifolia Benth.) | ||
| تحقیقات گیاهان دارویی و معطر ایران | ||
| مقاله 4، دوره 33، شماره 4 - شماره پیاپی 84، مهر 1396، صفحه 563-578 اصل مقاله (427.57 K) | ||
| نوع مقاله: مقاله پژوهشی | ||
| شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.22092/ijmapr.2017.14974.1353 | ||
| نویسندگان | ||
| علیرضا استاجی1؛ بهمن حسینی* 2؛ اسماعیل دهقان3؛ اصغر استاجی4 | ||
| 1دانشآموخته کارشناسی ارشد، گروه علوم باغبانی، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه ارومیه، ایران | ||
| 2انشیار، گروه علوم باغبانی، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه ارومیه، ایران | ||
| 3دانشآموخته دکتری، گروه اصلاح و بیوتکنولوژی، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه فردوسی مشهد، ایران | ||
| 4دانشجوی دکتری، گروه علوم باغبانی، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه ارومیه، ایران | ||
| چکیده | ||
| نوروزک (.Salvia leriifolia Bent) گیاهی علفی، چندساله، متعلق به تیره نعناع و بومی استان خراسان و سمنان میباشد که در سالهای اخیر خواص مختلف دارویی این گیاه شناخته شده است. القاء پلیپلوئیدی بهعنوان یک تکنیک مهم و کاربردی در اصلاح گیاهان دارویی و معطر است. به همین منظور برای بررسی تأثیر کلشیسین بر ویژگیهای مورفولوژیکی، فیزیولوژیکی و ترکیبهای شیمیایی گیاه نوروزک آزمایشی انجام شد. القاء پلیپلوئیدی بهوسیله تیمار مریستم انتهایی در مرحله چهار برگ حقیقی و هر یک در غلظتهای مختلف کلشیسین (0، 0.05، 0.1، 0.2 و 0.5 درصد) همراه با سه سطح زمانی مختلف (24، 48 و 72 ساعت) انجام گردید. شناسایی سطح پلوئیدی گیاهان تیمار شده با بررسیهای مورفولوژیکی، میکروسکوپی (نوری و الکترونی)، فلوسایتومتری و شمارش کروموزومی تعیین شد. شناسایی ترکیبهای اسانس با استفاده از دستگاه کروماتوگرافی گازی و کروماتوگرافی گازی متصل به طیفسنج جرمی انجام شد. آنالیز نتایج نشان داد که غلظت 0.05% با زمان 48 ساعت در مرحله چهار برگ حقیقی، بهعنوان بهترین تیمار برای انگیزش تتراپلوئیدی (23.3%) در گیاه نوروزک میباشد. القاء تتراپلوئیدی در نوروزک سبب تغییرات مورفولوژیکی، فیزیولوژیکی، سیتولوژیکی و ترکیبهای شیمیایی از قبیل، افزایش معنیدار وزن تر و خشک، میزان کلروفیل، میزان فتوسنتز، همچنین کاهش ارتفاع گیاهان شد. همچنین، افزایش سطح پلوئیدی سبب تغییرات قابل توجهی در ترکیبهای موجود در اسانس شد. | ||
| کلیدواژهها | ||
| نوروزک (.Salvia leriifolia Bent)؛ کلشیسین؛ پلیپلوئیدی؛ فلوسایتومتری | ||
| عنوان مقاله [English] | ||
| Study on colchicine treatment effects on some morphological and physiological characteristics and active substances in Salvia leriifolia Benth. | ||
| نویسندگان [English] | ||
| A.R. Estaji1؛ B. Hosseini2؛ E. Dehghan3؛ A. Estaji4 | ||
| 1M.Sc. graduate, Department of Horticulture, Faculity of Agriculture, Urmia University, Urmia, Iran | ||
| 2Department of Horticulture, Faculty of Agriculture, Urmia University, Urmia, Iran | ||
| 3Ph.D. graduate, Department of Horticulture, Faculty of Agriculture, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Iran | ||
| 4Ph.D. Student, Department of Horticulture, Faculty of Agriculture, Urmia University, Urmia, Iran | ||
| چکیده [English] | ||
| Salvia leriifolia Bent., belonging to Lamiaceae family, is a perennial herbaceous plant, which is endemic to Khorasan and Semnan provinces of Iran. Different pharmacological activities of this plant have been evaluated in recent years. Induction of polyploidy is an important technique for breeding of medicinal and aromatic plants. In the present study, we studied the effects of colchicine on morphological and physiological characteristics and chemical compositions of Salvia leriifolia. Polyploidy induction was carried out in the four-leaf stage. Apical meristem was treated by colchicine at concentrations of 0, 0.05, 0.1, 0.2, and 0.5%, and three different time levels of 24, 48 and 72 hours. Morphological, microscopic (light and electron), flow cytometric analysis and chromos counting were used for ploidy induction analysis and selection of induced tetraploids. Identification of essential oil compounds was carried out by gas chromatograph and gas chromatography mass spectrometry methods. According to the results, colchicines at a concentration of 0.05% for 48 hours at four-true-leave stage was the best treatment for induction of autotetraploidy (23.3%) in Salvia leriifolia. Tetraploid induction in Salvia leriifolia caused significant changes in morphological, cytological, physiological and physiochemical characteristics such as increased dry and fresh weight, chlorophyll content, photosynthesis, and decreased plant height. In addition, an increase in ploidy level caused significant changes in essential oil composition. | ||
| کلیدواژهها [English] | ||
| Salvia leriifolia Bent, colchicine, polyploidy, Flow cytometry | ||
| مراجع | ||
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