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گزینش اکوتیپ‌های برتر اسپرس بر اساس صفات کمّی و کیفی | ||
| تحقیقات ژنتیک و اصلاح گیاهان مرتعی و جنگلی ایران | ||
| مقاله 10، دوره 25، شماره 2 - شماره پیاپی 50، مهر 1396، صفحه 302-313 اصل مقاله (259.27 K) | ||
| نوع مقاله: مقاله علمی - پژوهشی | ||
| شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.22092/ijrfpbgr.2017.113318 | ||
| نویسندگان | ||
| حسن منیری فر* 1؛ حسین باقری آقبلاغ2؛ محمدباقر خورشیدی بنام3 | ||
| 1مرکز تحقیقات و آموزش کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی استان آذربایجان‌شرقی، سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی، تبریز، ایران | ||
| 2کارشناسی ارشد زراعت، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، واحد میانه | ||
| 3استادیار، مرکز تحقیقات و آموزش کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی استان آذربایجان‌شرقی، سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی، تبریز | ||
| چکیده | ||
| اسپرس (Onobrychis viciifolia Scop.)، از جمله بقولات علوفه‌ای چند ساله است که برای تولید علوفه در اراضی دیم و آبی و همچنین به صورت چرای مستقیم مورد توجه می‌باشد. این لگوم علوفه‌ای سازگاری وسیعی به شرایط اقلیمی دارد و برای تولید علوفه مورد استفاده قرار می‌گیرد. بهمنظور ارزیابی و گزینش اکوتیپ‌های برتر و تولید رقم سنتتیک، 25 اکوتیپ اسپرس جمع‌آوری شده از منطقه آذربایجان از نظر صفات کمّی و کیفی از سال 1390 تا 1393 در ایستگاه تحقیقاتی تیکمه‌داش مرکز تحقیقات و آموزش کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی آذربایجان‌شرقی ارزیابی شدند. بین اکوتیپ‌های اسپرس مورد بررسی از نظر ارتفاع بوته، وزن تر ساقه، وزن خشک ساقه، وزن تر برگ، وزن خشک برگ، عملکرد علوفه تر و عملکرد علوفه خشک اختلاف معنی‌دار وجود داشت، ولی برای تعداد روز تا 10 درصد گلدهی اختلاف معنی‌داری مشاهده نشد. از نظر صفات کیفی علوفه، میزان پروتئین، فیبر و قابلیت هضم ماده خشک نیز اختلاف معنی‌داری بین اکوتیپ‌ها مشاهده شد. با ضرب درصد پروتئین در میزان عملکرد علوفه تر و خشک، میزان عملکرد پروتئین بهصورت تر و خشک بهعنوان یک شاخص محاسبه شد و اعداد حاصل تجزیه واریانس شدند. میزان عملکرد پروتئین بهصورت خشک بهعنوان یک معیار برای گزینش اکوتیپ‌ها استفاده شد. با در نظر گرفتن برتری و موقعیت اکوتیپ‌ها از نظر صفات کمّی و کیفی به‌ویژه شاخص‌های عملکرد پروتئین بهصورت تر و خشک، چهار اکوتیپ برتر برای تولید بذر سنتتیک یک گزینش شدند. | ||
| کلیدواژه‌ها | ||
| پلی‌کراس؛ شاخص؛ عملکرد پروتئین؛ کیفیت؛ واریته سنتتیک | ||
| عنوان مقاله [English] | ||
| Selection superior sainfoin ecotypes for quantity and quality traits | ||
| نویسندگان [English] | ||
| H. Monirifar1؛ H. Bagheri Aghbolagh2؛ M.B. Khorshidi Benam3 | ||
| 1Assoc. Prof., East Azarbaijan Agricultural and Natural Resources Research and Education Center, Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), Tabriz, I.R. Iran | ||
| 2- M.Sc., Meyane Islamic Azad University, Meyane, I.R. Iran. | ||
| 3- Assist. Prof., East Azarbaijan Agricultural and Natural Resources Research and Education Center, Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), Tabriz, I.R. Iran. | ||
| چکیده [English] | ||
| Sainfoin (Onobrychis viciifolia Scop.), one of the main perennial legumes forages, is cultivated in both dry land farming and irrigated area for grazing and hay production for feeding of livestock. It is a perennial legume widely adapted to environmental conditions and has been successfully used as a pasture and hay forage. In order to evaluate and select the best ecotypes of sainfoin for a synthetic variety development program, a field experiment was conducted during 2011 to 2014 cropping seasons, in Tikmadash research station, East Azarbaijan Agricultural and Natural Resources Research and Education Center, Tabriz, Iran. Quantitative and qualitative traits of 25 sainfoin ecotypes were evaluated. Analysis of variance showed no significant differences between the ecotypes for day's to 10% flowering, but for other quantitative traits such as plant height, shoot fresh and dry weight, leave fresh and dry weight, fresh and dry forage yield were significant. Crude protein, crude fiber and dry matter digestible were significantly different among the studied sainfoin ecotypes. Fresh and dry protein yield indices were instructed by multiplying rude protein by fresh and dry yield, respectively, and used as criteria for ecotype selection. Considering quantitative and qualitative traits, specially fresh and dry protein yield indices, four superior ecotypes were selected to be used in synthetic variety (Syn1) development. | ||
| کلیدواژه‌ها [English] | ||
| Index, polycross, Protein yield, quality, Synthetic variety | ||
| مراجع | ||
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