| تعداد نشریات | 282 |
| تعداد نشریات سازمان | 80 |
| تعداد شمارهها | 3,196 |
| تعداد مقالات | 35,423 |
| تعداد مشاهده مقاله | 52,245,585 |
| تعداد دریافت فایل اصل مقاله | 91,778,356 |
Bulb Production of 38 Iranian Garlic (Allium sativum L.) Cultivars in Greenhouse Conditions | ||
| Journal of Medicinal plants and By-products | ||
| مقاله 13، دوره 6، شماره 1، تیر 2017، صفحه 105-110 اصل مقاله (138.21 K) | ||
| شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.22092/jmpb.2017.113156 | ||
| نویسنده | ||
| Ali Ammarellou* | ||
| Deprtment of Biotechnology, Research Institute of Modern Biological Techniques, University of Zanjan, Zanjan, Iran | ||
| چکیده | ||
| The study was carried out with 38 collected garlic (Allium sativum L.) cultivars from 3 important garlic production area in Iran (Zanjan, Hamadan and Mazandaran). The cloves were planted in 30 × 30 cm pots in control conditions (average temperature: 20 °C and 60 % RH). Randomized complete block design with 3 replications was conducted. The bulbing characteristics such as bulb weight, bulb circumference and number of cloves per bulb were evaluated. Although all 38 parental bulbs had multiple cloves, but only few cultivars have produced multi cloves in greenhouse conditions. Two classes of garlic cultivars were observed. Class A including 26 cultivars formed only single clove that their bulb weights were varied between 7 to 25.2 g. Class B including 12 cultivars were produce normal bulbs. The cultivar of Zanjan had the biggest bulbs (65 g in average) and others (Tarom 9, Tarom 14 & Hamadan1-5) were intermediate (with the average weight of 40 g). The number of clove in each bulb in class B was 6-11. Identification and assessment records revealed that 83 % of cultivars in class B are multi cloves related to owned areas that planted in the spring seasons such as Zanjan and Hamadan (cold regions). Our research demonstrated that normal bulbing in garlic can be done successfully in greenhouse depend on genotype. We identified 12 Iranian garlic genotypes for greenhouse planting which can produce normal and commercially multi cloves successfully. Other 26 genotypes that produced single clove were suitable for cooking usages due to easy skin peeling. Selection and introduce of suitable genotypes for greenhouse planting with normal bulbing, increase the garlic production in cold provinces and can serve in genetic and physiological studies as well as in breeding programs. | ||
| کلیدواژهها | ||
| garlic؛ Allium sativum L؛ Bulbing؛ Single clove | ||
| مراجع | ||
|
1. Purseglove JW. Tropical crops: monocotyledons, Longman group Limited, London. 1972;1.
2. Yamaguchi M. Worldvegetables: Principles production and nutritive values. AVI, Westport Conn. 1983.
3. Tindall HD. Vegetables in the tropics. Mc Millan Education Limited Houdmills, Basintoke Hamshire England. 1986;533.
4. Takagi H. Garlic (Allium sativum L.). p. 109-146. In:H.D. Rabi- nowitch and J.L. Brewster (eds.). Onions and allied crops. vol. 3. CRC Press, Boca Raton, Fla. 1990.
5. Augusti KT. Therapeutic values of onion (Allium cepa L.) and garlic (Allium sativum L.). Indian J. Exp Biol. 1996;34:634-640.
6. Sato T, Miyata G. The nutraceutical benefit, Part IV: Garlic. Nutrition. 2000;16:787-788.
7. Kik C, Kahane R, Gebhardt R. Garlic and health. Nutr. Metab. Cardiovasc. Dis. 11 (supppl. to 4). 2001;57-65.
8. Le Bon MH, Siess MH. Organosulfur compounds from Allium and the chemoprevention of cancer. Drug Metab. Drug Interact. 2000;17:51-79.
9. Block E. The chemistry of garlic and onions. Sci Am. 1985;252:114-119.
10. Block E, Naganathan S, Putman D, Zhao S-H. Organosulfur chemistry of garlic and onion: Recent results. Pure Appl Chem. 1993;65:625-632.
11. Ipek M, Ipek A, Simon PW. Genetic characterization of Allium tuncelianum: An endemic edible Allium species with garlic odor. Sci Hortic. 2008;115:409-415.
12. Del Pozo A, Gonzalez MI. Developmental responses of garlic to temperature and photoperiod. Agric Technol. 2005;65:119-126.
13. Bhuiya MAK, Rahim MA, Chowdhury MNA. Effect of planting time, mulch and irrigation on the growth and yield of garlic. Asian J Plant Sci. 2003;2:639-643.
14. Rahman MS, Islam MA, Haque MS, Abdul-Karim M. Effects of planting date and gibberellic acid on the growth and yield of garlic (Allium sativum L.). Asian J Plant Sci. 2004;3:344-352.
15. Rahman AKMM, Talukder MR. Influence of date of planting and plant spacing on the growth and yield of garlic. Bangladesh J Agric. 1986;11:19-26.
16. Rahman MM. Effect of different dates of planting and plant spacing on the yield of garlic (Allium sativum L.). M.Sc. Thesis, Department of Horticulture, BAU, Mymensingh, Bangladesh. 1981.
17. Rudnicki RM, Nowak J, Saniewski M. The effect of gibberellic acid and sprouting and flowering of some tulip cultivars. Hortic Sci. 1976;4:387-397.
18. Hanks GR. The response of tulips to gibberellins following different duration of cold storage. J Hortic Sci. 1982;57:109-119.
19. Rahim MA, Fordham R. Effect of storage temperature on the initiation and development of garlic cloves (Allium sativum L.). Sci Hortic. 1988;37:25-38.
20. Liamas DP, Paton LG, Diaz MG, Serna JG, Saez SB. The effects of storage duration, temperature and cultivar on the severity of garlic clove rot caused by Fusarium proliferatum. Postharvest Biol Technol. 2013;78:34-39.
21. Wu C, Wang M, Cheng Z and Meng H. Response of garlic (Allium sativum L.) bolting and bulbing to temperature and photoperiod treatments. Biology Open. 2016;5:507-518.
22. Rabinowitch HD. Physiology of flowering. In Onions and Allied Crops I: Botany, Physiology and Genetics (ed. H. D. Rabinowitch and J. L. Brewster), Florida: CRC Press. 1990:398-409.
23. Kamenetsky R, Rabinowitch HD. Florogenesis. In Allium Crop Science: Recent Advances (ed. H. D. Rabinowitch and L. Currah), Wallingford: CAB International. 2002:31-57.
24. Dong Y, Cheng Z, Meng H, Liu H, Wu C, Khan AR. The effect of cultivar, sowing date and transplant location in field on bolting of welsh onion (Allium fistulosum L.). BMC Plant Biol. 2013;13:154-167.
25. Steel RGD, Torrie JH. Principles and procedures of statistics. McGraw Hill Book Co., Inc., New York. 1980;232-258.
26. Siddique MA, Rabbani MG. Growth and bulbing of garlic in response to low temperature treatment of bulb and planting date. Bangladesh J Bot. 1985;14:41-46.
27. Volk G M, Maness N, Rotindo K. Crypreservation of garlic (Allium sativum L.) using plant vitrification solution 2. CryoLetters. 1985;25:219-226.
28. Waterer D, Schmitz D. Influence of variety and cultural practiceson garlic yields in Saskatchewan. Can J Plant Sci. 1994;74:611-614.
29. Nagakubo TA, Nagasawa A, Ohkawa H. Micropropagation of garlic through in vitro bulblet formation. Plant Cell Tissue Org. Cult. 1993;32:175-183.
30. Lercari B. The effect of far‐red light on the photoperiodic regulation of carbohydrate accumulation in Allium cepa L. Physiologia Plantarum. 1982;54:475-479.
31. Kahane R, Rancillac M, Teyssendier de la Serve B. Long‐term multiplication of onion (Allium cepa L.) by cyclic shoot regeneration in vitro. Tissue Organ Cult. 1992;28:281-288.
32. Bandara MS, Krieger K, Slinkard AE, Tanino KK. Pre-plant chilling requirements for cloving of spring planted garlic. Can J Plant Sci. 2000;80:379-384. | ||
|
آمار تعداد مشاهده مقاله: 950 تعداد دریافت فایل اصل مقاله: 1,101 |
||