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اثر دانه گرده بر صفات کمی و کیفی میوه خرما رقم شاهانی | ||
| نهال و بذر | ||
| مقاله 2، دوره 32، شماره 3، آذر 1395، صفحه 293-310 اصل مقاله (230.84 K) | ||
| نوع مقاله: مقاله پژوهشی | ||
| شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.22092/spij.2016.113060 | ||
| نویسندگان | ||
| عباس خواجهپور تادوانی1؛ کاظم ارزانی* 1؛ حمید زرگری2؛ سعادت ساریخانی خرمی3 | ||
| 1گروه علوم باغبانی، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه تربیت مدرس، تهران | ||
| 2پزوهشکده خرما و میوههای گرمسیری، مؤسسه تحقیقات علوم باغبانی، سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی، جهرم، ایران | ||
| 3گروه علوم باغبانی، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه تربیت مدرس، تهران | ||
| چکیده | ||
| گردهافشانی از مهمترین فاکتورها در مدیریت نخلستانها است که نقش مهمی در بهبود کمیت و کیفیت محصول خرما دارد. این پژوهش با هدف تعیین مناسبترین پایه گردهزا برای خرمای شاهانی در قالب دو آزمایش جداگانه در ایستگاه تحقیقات کشاورزی جهرم و دانشگاه تربیت مدرس در سالهای 1392-1390 انجام شد. آزمایش اول بهمنظور تعیین مناسبترین پایه گردهزا در قالب طرح بلوکهای کامل تصادفی با شش تیمار (گرده نر بومی جهرم، بومی داراب، بومی قیروکارزین، بومی لارستان، بومی فراشبند و گرده نر کشت بافتی بویر 11) و چهار تکرار انجام شد. آزمایش دوم بهمنظور بررسی درصد قوه نامیه دانه گرده، در قالب طرح کاملاً تصادفی با شش تیمار پایه گردهزا و چهار تکرار اجرا شد. نتایج حاصل از آزمایش اول نشان داد که اثر پایههای گردهزا بر صفات درصد تشکیل میوه، عملکرد، طول، قطر، وزن و حجم میوه معنیدار بود. بیشترین درصد تشکیل میوه و عملکرد به ترتیب در تیمارهای استفاده از پایه گردهزای بومی لارستان و پایههای بومی لارستان و بومی داراب بهدست آمد. برخلاف صفات درصد رطوبت و خاکستر میوه، pH و اسیدیته آبمیوه، اثر تیمارهای مختلف دانه گرده بر صفات نسبت گوشت به هسته و TSS معنیدار بود. بر اساس نتایج حاصل از آزمایش دوم، بین پایههای نر مورد مطالعه اختلاف معنیداری از نظر درصد جوانهزنی دانه گرده مشاهده شد. بیشترین و کمترین درصد جوانهزنی دانه گرده به ترتیب مربوط به پایه نر بومی لارستان و کشت بافتی بویر 11 بود. بهطورکلی نتایج این تحقیق نشان داد که پایههای گردهزای بومی لارستان و بومی داراب مناسبترین پایه گردهزا در بین پایههای نر برای خرما رقم شاهانی در منطقه جهرم استان فارس هستند. | ||
| کلیدواژهها | ||
| خرما رقم شاهانی؛ جوانهزنی دانه گرده؛ رقم گردهزا؛ گردهافشانی | ||
| عنوان مقاله [English] | ||
| Effect of Pollen on Quantitative and Qualitative Charcteristics of Date Fruit (Phoenix dactylifera L.) cv. Shahani | ||
| نویسندگان [English] | ||
| A. Khajehpour Tadavani1؛ K. Arzani1؛ H. Zargari2؛ S. Sarikhani Khorami3 | ||
| 1respectively, Department of Horticultural Science, College of Agriculture, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran. | ||
| 2Instructor, Date Plan and Tropical Plants Research Center, Horticultural Sciences Research Institute, Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), Jahrom, Iran. | ||
| 3Department of Horticultural Science, College of Agriculture, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran. | ||
| چکیده [English] | ||
| Pollination as one of the most important management factors in date orchards is playing a crucial role in improving fruit quality and yield. The aim of this experiment was to determine the best pollinizer for Shahani date cultivar in Jahrom Agricultural Research Stations, Fars and Tarbiat Modares, University, Tehran, during 2012-2013. To determine the most compatible pollinizer to Shahani date, the first experiment was conducted in randomized complete block design with six treatments (Jahrom native pollen, Darab native pollen, Ghir and Karzin native pollen, Larestan native pollen, Frashband native pollen and tissue culture Boyer 11 pollen) and four replications. To investigate the viability of pollen, the second experiment was carried out in completely randomized design with six pollinizer treatments and four replications. The results of the first experiment showed that the effect of different pollinizer treatments on fruit set, yield, length, diameter, weight and volume of fruit was significant. The highest percentage of fruit set and yield was observed in the Larestan rootstocks and Larestan and Darab pollinizer treatments, respectively. Contrast to fruits ash and moisture content, pH and juice acidity, effect of different pollinizer treatments on flesh weight to stone ratio and TSS was significant. Based on the second experiment results, there were significant differences among studied pollinizers in term of pollen germination percentage. The highest and lowest pollen germination percentage was related to the Larestan and tissue culture Boyer 11 pollinizer male palm, respectively. Generally, the results showed that Larestan and Darab native pollens are the most suitable pollinizer cultivar for Shahani date in Jahrom areas of Iran. | ||
| کلیدواژهها [English] | ||
| Date palm cv. Shahani, Pollen germination, Pollinizer cultivar, pollination | ||
| مراجع | ||
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