| تعداد نشریات | 282 |
| تعداد نشریات سازمان | 80 |
| تعداد شمارهها | 3,208 |
| تعداد مقالات | 35,560 |
| تعداد مشاهده مقاله | 53,001,347 |
| تعداد دریافت فایل اصل مقاله | 92,287,526 |
بررسی آزمایشگاهی اثرات هم افزایی (سینرژیک) مخلوط های آفت کش های آلی، مواد کیلیت کننده فلز و آنتی اکسیدان در برابر قارچ مولد پوسیدگی سفید رنگین کمان | ||
| تحقیقات علوم چوب و کاغذ ایران | ||
| مقاله 11، دوره 32، شماره 3 - شماره پیاپی 60، آبان 1396، صفحه 422-435 اصل مقاله (641.34 K) | ||
| نوع مقاله: مقاله پژوهشی | ||
| شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.22092/ijwpr.2017.114464.1424 | ||
| نویسندگان | ||
| لطیف نظری1؛ سید خلیل حسینی هاشمی* 2 | ||
| 1گروه علوم و صنایع چوب و کاغذ، واحد کرج، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی واحد کرج، کرج، ایران | ||
| 2دانشیار، گروه علوم و صنایع چوب و کاغذ، واحد کرج، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، کرج، ایران | ||
| چکیده | ||
| در این تحقیق اثرات مستقل و متقابل آفت کش های آلی پروپیکونازول، تبوکونازول و کلروتالونیل با کیلیت کننده فلز اتیلن دی آمین تترا استیک اسید (EDTA) و آنتی اکسیدان هیدروکسی تولوئن بوتیل دار (BHT) در غلظت های مختلف 50، 150، 250، 350 و ppm 450 در برابر قارچ مولد پوسیدگی سفید رنگین کمان (Trametes versicolor) مورد آزمون قرار گرفت. در زیر هود لامینار، به میزان 25 میلی لیتر از محیط کشت استریل در داخل پتریدیش ها ریخته شد. سه دیسک آنتی بیوگرام استریل (با موقعیت مثلثی شکل) روی محیط کشت قرار داده شد. به کمک نمونه بردار به میزان 20 میکرولیتر محلول حفاظتی استریل شده بر روی هر یک از دیسک ها به طور جداگانه ریخته شد. سپس به مقدار 5 میلی متر از پلاگ میسیلیوم قارچ در مرکز پتریدیش ها قرار داده شد. پتریدیش ها به مدت یک هفته در داخل انکوباتور قرار داده شدند. روزانه به مدت یک هفته، رشد میسیلیوم قارچ و اثرات بازدارندگی محلول های حفاظتی مختلف در برابر قارچ، مورد اندازه گیری قرار گرفت. نتایج حاصل از این تحقیق نشان داد که آفت کش کلروتالونیل به تنهایی هیچ اثر بازدارندگی بر روی رشد قارچ نداشته است، در حالی که آفت کش های پروپیکونازول و تبوکونازول به تنهایی اثر معنی داری در غلظت های مختلف بر روی رشد قارچ داشته اند. در بررسی اثر هم افزایی (سینرژیک) آفت کش های پروپیکونازول، تبوکونازول و کلروتالونیل با افزودنی های غیر آفت کش EDTA و BHT این طور یافته شده است که بین آفت کش پروپیکونازول و کیلیت کننده فلز EDTA در غلظت بالا مانند ppm 450 اثر هم افزایی وجود داشته است، اما در ترکیب با بقیه محلول ها، اثر هم افزایی یافته نشده است. همچنین، هیچگونه اثر هم افزایی بین آفت کش های تبوکونازول و کلروتالونیل با سایر محلول های حفاظتی یافته نشده است. | ||
| کلیدواژهها | ||
| آفت کش های آلی؛ BHT؛ EDTA؛ بازدارندگی رشد؛ هم افزایی؛ قارچ رنگین کمان | ||
| عنوان مقاله [English] | ||
| Laboratory Study of Synergistic Effects of Mixtures of Organic Biocides, Metal Chelator and Antioxidant Materials against Rainbow White-rot Fungus | ||
| نویسندگان [English] | ||
| Latif Nazari1؛ Seyyed Khalil Hosseinihashemi2 | ||
| 1Department of Wood Science and Paper Technology, Karaj Branch, Islamic Azad University, Karaj, Iran | ||
| 2Associate Prof., Department of Wood Science and Paper Technology, Karaj Branch, Islamic Azad University, Karaj, Iran | ||
| چکیده [English] | ||
| In this research, the individual and interaction effects of three organic biocides (propiconazole, tebuconazole, and chlorothalonile) with the metal chelator EDTA and the antioxidant BHT at different concentrations (50, 150, 250, 350, and 450 ppm) against the white-rot fungus, Trametes versicolor was investigated. In under laminar sterile hood, about 25 mL of the media was poured into the Petri plates. Three antibiogram discs (with triangular position) put on the media. By micro-sampler about 20 μL of steriled preservative solutions was poured on every disc, separately. Then, about 5 mm of mycelium plug of intended fungus that was inoculated previously was put in the center of plates. The plates were incubated and daily for one week, the mycelium growth of fungus and inhibition effects of different preservative solutions against fungus was measured. The results of this research demonstrated that chlorothalonil biocide by itself have not any inhibition effect on growth of fungus, whilst propiconazole and tebuconazole biocides by itself have significant effect at different concentrations on growth of fungus. In consider of synergistic effect of propiconazole, tebuconazole, and chlorothalonil biocides with non-biocides additives of EDTA and BHT, it has been found that there is synergistic effect between propiconazole biocide and the metal chelator EDTA at high concentration such as 450 ppm, but in combination with other solutions synergistic effect has not been found. Also, any synergistic effect has not found between tebuconazole and chlorothalonil biocides with other preservative solutions. | ||
| کلیدواژهها [English] | ||
| Organic biocides, EDTA, BHT, growth inhibition, Synergism, TRAMETES VERSICOLOR | ||
| مراجع | ||
|
- Archer, K., Nicholas, D.D., and Schultz, T.P. 1995. Screening of wood preservatives: comparison of the soil-block, agar-block, and agar-plate tests. Forest Products Journal, 45: 86-89. - Backa, S., Gierer, J., Reitberger, T., and Nilsson, T. 1992. Hydroxyl radical activity in brown-rot fungi studied by a new chemiluminescence method. Holzforschung, 46: 61-67. - Buschhaus, H.U., and Valcke, A.R. 1995. Triazoles: Synergism between propiconazole and tebuconazole. IRG/WP 95-30092, International Research Group on Wood Protection, Helsingør, Denmark. - Creffield, J.W., Woods, T.L., and Chew, N. 1996. In-ground performance of two formulations of chlorothalonil after five years of exposure at three test sites in Australia. International Research Group on Wood Preservation, Doc. No.IRG/WP/96-30101. - Freeman, M.H., Nicholas, D.D., and Schultz, T.P. 2006. In environmental impacts of treated wood; Townsend, T.G., and Solo-Gabriele, H. eds. Taylor & Francis Group: Boca Raton, FL, 19-36. - Goodell, B., Jellison, J., Liu, J., Daniel, G., Paszcynski, A., Fekete, F., Krishnamurthy, S., Jun, L., and Xu, G. 1997. Low molecular weight chelators and phenolic compounds isolated from wood decay fungi. Biotechnol., 53: 133-162. - Grace, J.K., Laks, P.E. and Yamamoto, R.T. 1993. Efficacy of chlorothalonil as a wood preservative against the Formosan subterranean termite. Forest Product Journal, 43 (1): 21-24. - Green III, F.G., Crawford, D., Lebow, S., and Yoshimura, T. 2000. Relative toxicity of N’ N-napthaloylhydroxamine (NHA) toxicity against eastern and Formosan subterranean termites in southern yellow pine. Forest Products Journal, 40 (3): 235-239. - Green III, F.G., Kuster, T.A., Ferge, L., and Highley, T.L. 1997. Protection of southern pine from fungal decay and termite damage with Na-N,,N-naphthaloylhydroxamine. International Biodeterioration & Biodegradation 39 (2-3): 103-111. - Grundlinger, R., and Exner, O. 1990. Tebuconazole - A new triazole fungicide for wood preservation. IRG/Document No. IRG/WP/3629. - Hosseinihashemi, S.K., Nazari, L., Lashgari, A., and Salem, M.Z.M. 2015. Evaluation of inner bark extract of barberry stem and its synergy with propiconazole, EDTA, BHT, and their combinations against the white-rot fungus Trametesversicolor. BioResources, 11 (1): 1505-1517. - Hosseini Hashemi, S.K., and Jahan Latibari, A. 2011. Evaluation and identification of walnut heartwood extractives for protection of poplar wood. BioResources, 6 (1): 59-69. - Hughes, A.S. 2004. The tools at our disposal (Brussels: COST E22 environmental optimization of wood protection). - Jensen, K.A., Houtman, C.J., Ryan, Z.C., and Hammel, K.E. 2001. Pathways for extracellular Fenton chemistry in the brown rot basidiomycete Gloeophyllum trabeum. Appl. Environ. Microbiol., 67: 2705-2711. - Jiang, X., and Walker, L. 2007. Amine oxides for use in wood protection: I. A formulation adjuvant and performance enhancer for wood. The International Research Group on Wood Preservation. Doc. No. IRG/WP 07-30425. - Kamdem, D.P. 2008. In development of commercial wood preservatives: Efficacy, environmental, and health issues. Schultz, T.P., Militz, H., Freeman, M.H., Goodell, B., Nicholas, D.D. eds. American Chemical Society: Washington, DC, 470-479. - Kerem, Z., Jensen, K.A., and Hamel, K.E. 1999. Biodegradative mechanism of the brown rot basidiomycete Gloeophyllum trabeum: Evidence for an extracellular hydroquinone-driven Fenton reaction. FEBS Lett., 446 (1): 49-54. - Leightley, L.E. 2003. Protection of wood using combinations of biocides. in Wood Deterioration and Preservation, ACS Symposium Series No. 845, ed. by Goodell, B., Nicholas, D.D., and Schultz, T. American Chemical Society, Washington, DC, pp. 390-398. - Little, N.S., Schultz, T.P., and Nicholas, D.D. 2010. Termite-resistant heartwood. Effect of antioxidants on termite feeding deterrence and mortality. Holzforschung, 64: 395-398. - Malakani, M., Khademieslam, H., Hosseinihashemi, S.K., and Zeinaly, F. 2014. Influence of fungal decay on chemi-mechanical properties of beech wood (Fagus orientalis). Cellulose Chemistry and Technology, 48 (1-2): 97-103. - Ross, A.S. 2008. In development of commercial wood preservatives: Efficacy, environmental, and health issues. Schultz, T.P., Militz, H.,Freeman, M.H., Goodell, B., Nicholas, D.D. eds. American Chemical Society: Washington, DC, 470-479. - Schauwecker, C.J., and Morrell, J.J. 2008. Use of antistain chemicals by softwood lumber producers in the western United States during 2006: A survey. Forest Products Journal, 58 (10): 52-55. - Schultz, T.P., and Nicholas, D.D. 2008. Improving the performance of organic biocides by using economical and benign additives. In: Development of Commercial Wood Preservatives: Efficacy, Environmental and Health Issues, ACS Symp. Series 982; Schultz, Militz, Freeman, Goodell, and Nicholas (eds.), Amer. Chemical Society, Washington, DC, chap. 16. - Schultz, T.P., Nicholas, D.D., Kirker, G.T., Prewitt, M.L., and Diehl, S.V.2006. Effect of the antioxidant BHT on reducing depletion of chlorothalonil and treated wood after 54 months of ground-contact exposure. International Biodeterioration & Biodegradation, 57: 45-50. - Schultz, T.P., Nicholas, D.D., Henry, W.P., Pittman, C.U., Wipf, D.O., and Goodell, B. 2005. Review of laboratory and outdoor exposure efficacy results of organic biocide: antioxidant combinations, an initial economic analysis and discussion of a proposed mechanism. Wood and Fiber Science, 37: 175-184. - Schultz, T.P., and Nicholas, D.D. 2002. Development of environmentally benign wood preservatives based on the combination of organic biocides with antioxidants and metal chelators. Phytochemistry, 61 (5): 555-560. - Schultz, T.P., and Nicholas, D.D. 2000. Naturally durable heartwood: Evidence for a proposed dual defensive function of the extractives. Phytochemistry, 54 (1): 47-52. - Stirling, R., and Temiz, A. 2014. Fungicides and insecticides used in wood preservation. In: Schultz, T.P., Goodell, B., and Nicholas, D.D. (eds) Deterioration and protection of sustainable biomaterials. American Chemical Society Books. Washington, DC. - Suttie, E., 1997. Novel wood preservatives, Chem. Ind. 18: 720-724. - Tanaka, H., Itakura, S., and Enoki, A. 1999. Hydroxyl radical generation by an extracellular low molecular-weight substance and phenol oxidase activity during wood degradation by the white-rot basidiomycete Trametes versicolor. J. Biotechnol., 5 (1): 57-70. - Valcke, A.R. 1989. Suitability of propiconazole (R 49362) as a new-generation fungicide.IRG/WP 3529. Conference: 89-05-22/26 Lappeenranta, Finland. - Wustenhofer, B., Wegen, H.-W., Metzner, W. 1990. Tebuconazole, a new wood preserving fungicide, The International Research Group on Wood Preservation, paper prepared for the 21st Annual Meeting Rotorua, New Zealand. | ||
|
آمار تعداد مشاهده مقاله: 1,121 تعداد دریافت فایل اصل مقاله: 605 |
||