| تعداد نشریات | 284 |
| تعداد نشریات سازمان | 82 |
| تعداد شماره‌ها | 3,081 |
| تعداد مقالات | 34,377 |
| تعداد مشاهده مقاله | 48,018,413 |
| تعداد دریافت فایل اصل مقاله | 78,929,657 |
مطالعه اثر تنش خشکی بر صفات فیزیولوژیک و عملکردی همیشه‌بهار (Calendula officinalis L.) | ||
| تحقیقات گیاهان دارویی و معطر ایران | ||
| مقاله 14، دوره 33، شماره 3 - شماره پیاپی 83، مرداد 1396، صفحه 492-508 اصل مقاله (334.5 K) | ||
| نوع مقاله: مقاله پژوهشی | ||
| شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.22092/ijmapr.2017.105627.1734 | ||
| نویسندگان | ||
| مهدی ابراهیمی* 1؛ غلامرضا زمانی2؛ زهره علیزاده3 | ||
| 1دانش‌آموخته دکترا در رشته زراعت، گروه پژوهشی گیاهان دارویی، جهاد دانشگاهی خراسان جنوبی، ایران | ||
| 2دانشیار، گروه زراعت و اصلاح نباتات، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه بیرجند، ایران | ||
| 3استادیار، گروه زراعت و اصلاح نباتات، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه بیرجند، ایران | ||
| چکیده | ||
| با توجه به اهمیت گیاه دارویی همیشه‌بهار (Calendula officinalis L.) در صنایع مختلف ازجمله داروسازی، در این مطالعه تأثیرات تنش خشکی بر برخی صفات فیزیولوژیک و عملکردی این گیاه دارویی بررسی شد. این آزمایش در قالب طرح بلوک‌های کامل تصادفی با 3 تکرار طی سال‌های 94-1393 در گلخانه تحقیقاتی دانشکده کشاورزی بیرجند انجام شد. فاکتورهای مورد مطالعه شامل تنش خشکی در چهار سطح (به‌ترتیب 80، 60، 40 و 20 درصد آب قابل‌استفاده خاک) و دو تیپ گیاه همیشه‌بهار (تیپ دارویی و تیپ زینتی) بود. نتایج آزمایش نشان داد که با افزایش تنش، از میزان فعالیت آنزیم آسکوربات پروکسیداز کاسته شد و فعالیت دو آنزیم سوپراکسیددسموتاز و کاتالاز نیز در ابتدا افزایش و بعد کاهش یافت. تجمع بیش‌ازحد گونه‌های اکسیژن فعال (ROS) و ناکارآمدی سیستم آنتی‌اکسیدانی گیاه در مواجهه با آن احتمالاً دلیل کاهش فعالیت آنزیم‌های آنتی‌اکسیدان در بالاترین سطح تنش بوده‌است. میزان پرولین با افزایش تنش افزایش یافت، به‌طوری‌که در بالاترین سطح تنش از 4 برابر شاهد نیز بیشتر بود. با افزایش خشکی، میزان کاروتنوئیدها، کلروفیل a و b نیز به‌دلیل خسارت به غشاهای کلروپلاستی کاهش یافت. تنش خشکی علاوه‌بر خسارت به غشاء سلولی که سبب افزایش میزان MDA شد، کارایی فتوسیستم II را نیز کاهش داد. تنش خشکی همچنین وزن خشک (27%)، ارتفاع (32%)، تعداد شاخه جانبی (33%)، تعداد گل (50%) و عملکرد گل (60%) همیشه‌بهار را نیز کاهش داد. همچنین مشخص شد که پتانسیل تولید گل تیپ دارویی همیشه‌بهار (824.3 کیلوگرم در هکتار) از تیپ زینتی آن (654.9 کیلوگرم در هکتار) بیشتر است. در کل می‌توان نتیجه گرفت که سیستم آنتی‌اکسیدانی آنزیمی همیشه‌بهار از توانایی خوبی برای کاهش اثرات نامطلوب تنش خشکی برخوردار است. از این‌رو چنانچه فعالیت آنتی‌اکسیدانی همیشه‌بهار به نحوی افزایش یابد، احتمالاً توانایی این گیاه برای کاهش اثرات ناشی از تنش خشکی افزایش یافته و ممکن است منجر به بهبود عملکرد آن شود. | ||
| کلیدواژه‌ها | ||
| گونه‌های اکسیژن فعال؛ غشاء سلولی؛ پرولین؛ مالون دی‌آلدهید؛ عملکرد گل | ||
| عنوان مقاله [English] | ||
| A study on the effects of water deficit on physiological and yield-related traits of pot marigold (Calendula officinalis L.) | ||
| نویسندگان [English] | ||
| M. Ebrahimi1؛ Gh.R. Zamani2؛ Z. Alizadeh3 | ||
| 1Research Group of Medicinal Plants, Jahad Daneshgahi of Southern Khorasan, Iran | ||
| 2Department of Agronomy and Plant Breeding, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Birjand, Birjand, Iran | ||
| 3Department of Agronomy and Plant Breeding, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Birjand, Birjand, Iran | ||
| چکیده [English] | ||
| As an important medicinal plant in some industries such as pharmaceutical industry, the antioxidant capacity of pot marigold (Calendula officinalis L.) in conferring drought stress, as well as physiological and yield-related traits were studied. A complete randomized block design with three replications was carried out in the research greenhouse of Birjand University during 2014, 2015. Four levels of drought stress (including 80, 60, 40 and 20 percent of the available soil water content) and two plant types (medicinal and ornamental) were considered in this study. According to the results, with increasing drought severity, APX activity decreased and SOD and CAT activity initially increased and then decreased. Over accumulation of reactive oxygen species along with inefficiency of the antioxidant system had possibly resulted in the impaired enzymatic antioxidant efficiency in the highest level of drought stress. Proline content increased along with increasing drought intensity, so that it was up to fourfold in the highest level of drought stress, compared to non-stressed control. Although proline is an antioxidant compound, no relationship was found between proline accumulation with antioxidant enzymes. Carotenoids, chlorophyll content and chlorophyll index all decrease, and MDA content increased with increasing drought intensity, as a result of damages to chloroplast membranes. Reduced photochemical efficiency of photosystem II was another consequence of intensified water deficit. Drought stress also negatively affected yield related traits, so that dry weight (27%), height (32%), number of lateral branches (33%) and flowers (50%) and flower yield (60%) decreased. We also found that medicinal pot marigold (824.3 kg.ha-1) produced more flower than ornamental one (654.9 kg.ha-1). In conclusion, we found that enzymatic antioxidant system of pot marigold conferred a suitable ability to reduce adverse effects of drought-induced oxidative stress. Hence, increasing pot marigold’s antioxidant activity could result in increasing its physiological resistant to drought stress and consequently improves its yield components performance. | ||
| کلیدواژه‌ها [English] | ||
| Reactive oxygen species, cell membrane, Proline, malondialdehyde, flower yield | ||
| مراجع | ||
|
- Ahmadian, A., Tavassoli, A. and Amir, E., 2011. The interaction of water stress and manure on yield components. Essential oil and chemical compositions of cumin (Cminum cyminum). African Journal of Agricultural Research, 6: 2309-2315. - Amiri Deh Ahmadi, S.R., Parsa, M., Bannayan, M., Nassiri Mahallati, M. and Deihimfard, R., 2014. Yield gap analysis of chickpea under semi-arid conditions: A simulation study. Journal of Plant Production, 8: 531-548. - Amoon, S.A., Ramah, G.H. and Radmehr, P.R.A., 2014. Outcomes of irrigation regimes and nitrogen fertilizer on seed yield of calendula (Calendula officinalis L.). International Scholars Journals, 2: 144-147. - Arnon, D.I., 1949. Copper enzymes in isolated chloroplasts, polyphenoloxidases in Beta vulgaris. Plant Physiology, 24: 1-15. - Asada, K., 1999. The water-water cycle in chloroplasts: scavenging of active oxygens and dissipation of excess photons. Annual Review of Plant Physiology and Plant Molecular Biology, 50: 601-639. - Ashraf, M. and Foolad, M., 2007. Roles of glycine betaine and proline in improving plant abiotic stress resistance. Environmental and Experimental Botany, 59: 206-216. - Baghalian, K., Abdoshah, S., Khalighi-Sigaroodi, F. and Paknejad, F., 2011. Physiological and phytochemical response to drought stress of German chamomile (Matricaria recutita L.). Plant Physiology and Biochemistry, 49: 201-207. - Barajas-Farias, L.M., Pérez-Carreón, J.I., Arce-Popoca, E., Fattel-Fazenda, S., Alemán-Lazarini, L., Hernández-García, S. and Villa-Treviño, S.A., 2006. Dual and opposite effect of C. officinalis flower extract: chemoprotector and promoter in a rat hepatocarcinogenesis model. Planta Medica, 72(3): 217-222. - Bates, L.S., Waldern, R.P. and Teave, I.D., 1973. Rapid determination of free proline for water stress studies. Plant and Soil, 39: 205-207. - Behtash, N., Shafaroudi, H. and Nazari, Z., 2010. Khorasgani analgesic effect of C. officinalis flowers extract in mice. Toxicology, 196(17): 251. - Bogdanova, N.S., Nikolaeva, I.S., Shcherbakova, L.I., Tolstova, T.I., Moskalenko, N.I. and Pershin, G.N., 1970. Study of antiviral properties of Calendula officinalis. Farmakol Toksikol Moscow, 33: 349-355. - Bradford, M.M., 1976. A rapid and sensitive method for the quantification of microgram quantities of protein utilizing the principle of protein-dye binding. Analytical Biochemistry, 72: 248-254. - Braga, P., Dal Sasso, M., Culici, M., Spallino, A., Falchi, M., Bertelli, A. and Lo Scalzo, R., 2009. Antioxidant Activity of Calendula officinalis Extract: Inhibitory Effects on Chemiluminescence of Human neutrophil Bursts and Electron Paramagnetic Resonance Spectroscopy. Pharmacology, 83(6): 348-355. - Cakmak, I. and Horst, W., 1991. Effect of aluminum on lipid peroxidation, superoxide dismutase, catalase and peroxidase activities in root tip of soybean (Glysin max). Plant Physiology, 83: 463-468. - Chaparzadeh, N., Lucia D’Amico, M., Khavar-Nejad, R.A., Izzo, R. and Navari-Izzo, F., 2004. Antioxidative responses of Calendula offıcinalis under salinity conditions. Plant Physiology and Biochemistry, 42: 695-701. - Cogdell, R. and Frank, H.A., 1988. How carotenoids function in photosynthetic bacteria. Biochimica et Biophysica Acta, 895: 63-79. - Farooq, M., Wahid, A., Kobayashi, N., Fujita, D. and Basra, S.M.A., 2009. Plant drought stress: effects, mechanisms and management. Agronomy for Sustainable Development, 29: 185-212. - Fu, J. and Huang, B., 2001. Involvement of antioxidants and lipid peroxidation in the adaptation of two cool-season grasses to localized drought stress. Environmental and Experimental Botany, 45: 105-114. - Giannopolitis, C.N. and Ries, S.K., 1977. Superoxide dismutase. I. Occurrence in higher plants. Plant Physiology, 59: 309-314. - Goyal, M. and Mathur, R., 2011. Antimicrobial effects of Calendula officinalis against human pathogenic microorganisms. Herbal Medicine and Toxicology, 5(1): 97-101. - Gzik, A., 1996. Accumulation of proline and pattern of α-amino acids in sugar beet plants in response to osmotic, water and salt stress. Environmental and Experimental Botany, 36: 29-38. - Hargreaves, G.H. and Merkley, G.P., 1998. Irrigation Fundamentals: An Applied Technology Text for Teaching Irrigation at the Intermediate Level. Water Resources Publications, Colorado, USA, 198p. - Hasheminasab, H., Assad, M.T., Aliakbari, A. and Sahhafi, R., 2012. Influence of drought stress on oxidative damage and antioxidant defense systems in tolerant and susceptible wheat genotypes. Journal of Agricultural Science, 4: 20-30. - Health, R.L. and Packer, L., 1968. Photoperoxidation in isolated chloroplasts 1. Kinetics and stoichiometry of fatty acid peroxidatoin. Archives of Biochemistry and Biophysics, 125: 189-198. - Hertwig, B., Streb, P. and Feierabend, J., 1992. Light dependence of catalase synthesis and degradation in leaves and the influence of interfering stress conditions. Plant Physiology, 100: 1547-1553. - Hussain, M., Malik, M.A., Farooq, M., Khan, M.B., Akram, M. and Saleem, M.F., 2009. Exogenous glycinebetaine and salicylic acid application improves water relations, allometry and quality of hybrid sunflower under water deficit conditions. Journal of Agronomy and Crop Science, 195: 98-109. - Jafarzadeh, L., Omidi, H. and Bostani, A.A., 2014. The study of drought stress and bio fertilizer of nitrogen on some biochemical traits of Marigold medicinal plant (Calendula officinalis L.). Iranian Journal of Biology, 27: 180-193. - Kalvatchev, Z., Walder, R. and Garzaro, D., 1997. Anti-HIV activity of extracts from Calendula officinalis flowers. Biomedicine & Pharmacotherapy, 51: 176-180. - Kannan, N.D. and Kulandaivelu, G., 2011. Drought induced changes in physiological, biochemical and phytochemical properties of Withania somnifera Dun. Journal of Medicinal Plants Research, 5: 3929-3935. - Li, L., Staden, J. and Jager, A.K., 1998. Effects of plant growth regulators on the antioxidant system in seedlings of two maize cultivars subjected to water stress. Plant Growth Regulation, 25: 81-87. - Li-Ping, B., Fang-Gong, S., Ti-Da, G., Zhao-Hui, S., Yin-Yan, L. and Guang-Sheng, Z., 2006. Effect of soil drought stress on leaf water status, membrane permeability and enzymatic antioxidant system of maize. Pedosphere, 16: 326-332. - Mamnoei, E. and Sharifi, R.S., 2010. Study the effects of water deficit on chlorophyll fluorescence indices and the amount of proline in six barley genotypes and its relation with canopy temperature and yield. Journal of Plant Biology, 2: 51-62. - Manuchehri, R. and Salehi, H., 2014. Physiological and biochemical changes of common bermudagrass (Cynodon dactylon [L.] Pers.) under combined salinity and deficit irrigation stresses. South African Journal of Botany, 92: 83-88. - Maxwell, K. and Johnson, G.N., 2000. Chlorophyll fluorescence-a practical guide. Journal of Experimental Botany, 51: 659-668. - Metwally, S.A., Khalid, A.K. and Abou-Leila, B.H., 2013. Effect of water regime on the growth, flower yield, essential oil and proline contents of Calendula officinalis. Bioscience, 5: 65-69. - Mirzaee, M., Moieni, A. and Ghanati, F., 2013. Effects of drought stress on the lipid peroxidation and antioxidant enzyme activities in two canola (Brassica napus L.) cultivars. Journal of Agricultural Science and Technology, 15: 593-602. - Mousavi, S.G.R., Seghatoleslami, M.J., Ansarinia, E. and Javadi, H., 2012. The effect of water deficit stress and nitrogen fertilizer on yield and water use effeciency of Calendula officinalis L. Iranian Journal of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants, 28(3): 493-508. - Moussa, H. and Abdel-Aziz, S.M., 2008. Comparative response of drought tolerant and drought sensitive maize genotypes to water stress. Australian Journal of Crop Science, 1: 31-36. - Munné-Bosch, S. and Peñuelas, J., 2004. Drought-induced oxidative stress in strawberry tree (Arbutus unedo L.) growing in Mediterranean field conditions. Plant Science, 166: 1105-1110. - Nakano, Y. and Assada, K., 1981. Hydrogen peroxide is scavenged by ascorbate specific peroxidase in spinach chloroplasts. Plant and Cell Physiology, 22: 867-880. - Omidbeigi, R., 2000. Approaches to Production and Processing of Medicinal Plants (Vol. 2). Astan Ghods Razavi publications, Mashhad, 438p. - Parente, L.M., Andrade, M.A., Brito, L.A., Moura, V.M., Miguel, M.P., Lino-Júnior Rde, S. and Paulo, N.M. 2011. Angiogenic activity of Calendula officinalis flowers in rats. Acta Cirurgica Brasileira, 26(1): 19-24. - Parente, L.M., Lino, J.R.S., Tresvenzol, L.M., Vinaud, M.C., de Paula, J.R. and Paulo, N.M., 2012. Wound healing and anti-inflammatory effect in animal models of Calendula officinalis L. growing in Brazil. Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine, 2012: 375671. - Pommier, P., Gomez, F. and Sunyach, M.P., 2004. Phase III randomized trial of Calendula officinalis compared with tromaline for the prevention of acute dermatitis during irradiation for breast cancer. Oncology, 22: 1447-1453. - Preethi, K.C., Kuttan, G. and Kuttan, R., 2009. Anti-inflammatory activity of flower extract of Calendula officinalis L. and it’s possible mechanism of action. Indian Journal of Experimental Biology, 47(2): 113-120. - Rahmani, N., Daneshian, J. and Aliabadi Farahani, H., 2009. Effects of nitrogen fertilizer and irrigation regimes on seed yield of calendula (Calendula officinalis L.). Journal of Agricultural Biotechnology and Sustainable Development, 1: 24-28. - Ray, D., Mukherjee, S., Falchi, M., Bertelli, A. and Das, D.K., 2010. Amelioration of myocardial ischemic reperfusion injury with Calendula officinalis. Current Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, 11(8): 849-854. - Richards, L.A. and Fireman, M., 1943. Pressure-plate apparatus for measuring moisture sorption and transmission by soils. Soil Science, 56: 395-404. - Sarker, B.C., Hara, M. and Uemura, M., 2005. Proline synthesis, physiological responses and biomass yield of eggplants during and after repetitive soil moisture stress. Scientia Horticulturae, 103: 387-402. - Scalia, R., Oddo, E., Saiano, F. and Grisafi, F., 2009. Effect of salinity an Puccinellellia distans (L.) Parl. treated with NaCl and foliarly applied glycine betaine. Plant Stress, 3: 49-54. - Sedghi, M., Seyed Sharifi, R., Pirzad, A.R. and Amanpour-Balaneji, B., 2012. Phytohormonal regulation of antioxidant systems in petals of drought stressed pot marigold (Calendula officinalis L.). Journal of Agricultural Science and Technology, 14: 869-878. - Sharma, P. and Dubey, R.S., 2004. Ascorbate peroxidase from rice seedlings: properties of enzyme isoforms, effects of stresses and protective roles of osmolytes. Plant Science, 167: 541-550. - Trebst, A., Depka, B. and Holländer-Czytko, H., 2002. A specific role for tocopherol and of chemical singlet oxygen quenchers in the maintenance of photosystem II structure and function in Chlamydomonas reinhardtii. FEBS Letters, 516: 156-160. - Verma, S. and Mishra, S.N., 2005. Putrescine alleviation of growth in salt stressed Brassica juncea by inducing antioxidative defense system. Journal of Plant Physiology, 162: 669-677. - Vranová, V., Inzé, D. and Van Breusegem, F., 2002. Signal transduction during oxidative stress. Journal of Experimental Botany, 53: 1227-1236. - Yildiz Aktas, L., Turkyilmaz, B., Akca, H. and Parlak, S., 2007. Role of abscisic acid and proline treatment on induction of antioxidant enzyme activities and drought tolerance responses of Laurus nobilis L. seedlings. Fen Bilimleri Dergisi, 28: 14-27. - Zitterl-Eglseer, K., Sosa, S., Jurenitsch, J., Schubert-Zsilavecz, M., Della Loggia, R., Tubaro, A. and Franz, C., 1997. Anti-oedematous activities of the main triterpendiol esters of Marigold (Calendula officinalis L.). Ethnopharmacology, 57(2): 139-144. | ||
|
آمار تعداد مشاهده مقاله: 1,321 تعداد دریافت فایل اصل مقاله: 1,517 |
||