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پیش بینی حساسیت به فرسایش نهشته‌های بادی با استفاده از مدل‌های توزیع اندازه ذرات در بخشی از ساحل غربی دریاچه ارومیه | ||
| تحقیقات مرتع و بیابان ایران | ||
| مقاله 12، دوره 24، شماره 1، خرداد 1396، صفحه 126-141 اصل مقاله (494.2 K) | ||
| نوع مقاله: مقاله پژوهشی | ||
| شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.22092/ijrdr.2017.109855 | ||
| نویسندگان | ||
| فرخ اسدزاده* 1؛ مارال خدادادی2؛ احسان احسان ملاحت3 | ||
| 1استادیار گروه مهندسی علوم خاک دانشگاه ارومیه، ایران | ||
| 2استادیار پژوهشگاه علوم و فنون هسته‌ای، پژوهشکده کشاورزی هسته‌ای، گروه خاک، آب و تغذیه گیاه، کرج، ایران | ||
| 3دانشجوی کارشناسی ارشد گروه علوم خاک، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه ارومیه، ایران | ||
| چکیده | ||
| در سال‌های اخیر، بخش زیادی از عرصه آبی دریاچه ارومیه خشک و بستری از رسوبات ریزدانه‌ی شور به وجود آمده که بسیار مستعد فرسایش بادی هستند. این پژوهش به منظور بررسی قابلیت برخی مدل‌های ریاضی در تشریح توزیع اندازه ذرات نهشته‌های بادی و پیش‌بینی حساسیت به فرسایش با استفاده از توزیع اندازه ذرات در تپه‌های ماسه‌ای بخشی از سواحل غربی دریاچه ارومیه صورت پذیرفت. در مجموع 48 نمونه از رئوس یک شبکه 500×500 متری و از عمق 5-0 سانتی‌متری جمع‌آوری گردید. توزیع اندازه ذرات نمونه‌ها با استفاده از روش غربال خشک تعیین گردید. شاخص‌های آماری اندازه ذرات شامل قطر میانگین، جورشدگی، چولگی و کشیدگی محاسبه گردید. نه مدل توزیع اندازه ذرات جهت تعیین مدل مناسب در تشریح توزیع اندازه رسوبات بادی مورد بررسی قرار گرفته و از اجزاء وزنی مربوط به قطرهای 840>، 420>، 420 تا 840، 100> و 100 تا 840 میکرومتر جهت تعیین میزان حساسیت به فرسایش بادی استفاده گردید. نتایج نشان داد که میانگین اندازه ذرات در نهشته‌های بادی بطور متوسط برابر با μm310 (69/1f) بود که در مقایسه با اغلب بیابان‌های جهان، شامل ماسه‌های نسبتا درشت‌تر، با جورشدگی ضعیف و بسیار لپتوکورتیک بود. با توجه به ضرایب کارایی، مدل فردلاند بهترین عملکرد را در تشریح توزیع اندازه ذرات رسوبات مورد مطالعه نشان داد. نمونه‌های مورد مطالعه به طور میانگین دارای 97 درصد ذرات کوچکتر از 840 میکرومتر بوده و بسیار مستعد فرسایش بادی می‌باشند. حدود80 درصد ذرات قابلیت انتقال توسط فرآیند جهش و حدود 17 درصد توسط فرآیند تعلیق را دارند. | ||
| کلیدواژه‌ها | ||
| تپه‌های ماسه‌ای؛ مدل‌های توزیع اندازه ذرات؛ حساسیت به فرسایش بادی؛ دریاچه ارومیه | ||
| عنوان مقاله [English] | ||
| Prediction of the wind erodibility of sand dunes by particle size distribution models in parts of western coast of Urmia Lake | ||
| نویسندگان [English] | ||
| farokh asadzadeh1؛ maral khodadadi2؛ ehsan ehsan malahat3 | ||
| چکیده [English] | ||
| Huge parts of Urmia Lake have been dried up in recent years. As a result, vast areas of salty fine sand dunes, which are very susceptible to wind erosion, have been formed. This study was conducted to investigate the performance of Particle Size Distribution (PSD) models in description of sand dune PSDs and predicting wind erodibility by using PSD models in parts of western coast of Urmia Lake. Totally, 48 samples from a grid of 500m × 500m were collected. PSD of the samples was determined by dry sieving method. Statistical parameters of grain size including mean, sorting, skewness and kurtosis were calculated. Performance of nine PSD models in describing the grain size distribution was assessed by the coefficient of determination (R2), Root mean square error (RSME) and Akaike criterion (AIC) of the models. To determine wind erodibility of sand dunes, mass fractions of aggregates | ||
| کلیدواژه‌ها [English] | ||
| sand dunes, Particle Size Distribution models, wind erodibility, Urmia Lake | ||
| مراجع | ||
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