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روند تغییرات حفاظتکنندههای اسمزی و پارامترهای فیزیولوژی سه گونه اکالیپتوس در پاسخ به تنش سرب | ||
| تحقیقات جنگل و صنوبر ایران | ||
| مقاله 14، دوره 25، شماره 1 - شماره پیاپی 67، فروردین 1396، صفحه 148-137 اصل مقاله (277.81 K) | ||
| نوع مقاله: علمی- پژوهشی | ||
| شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.22092/ijfpr.2017.109783 | ||
| نویسندگان | ||
| آناهیتا شریعت* 1؛ محمدحسن عصاره2؛ عباس قمری‌زارع3 | ||
| 1دکترای اصلاح نباتات، مؤسسه تحقیقات جنگلها و مراتع کشور، سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی، تهران، ایران | ||
| 2استاد پژوهش، مؤسسه تحقیقات جنگلها و مراتع کشور، سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی، تهران، ایران | ||
| 3دانشیار پژوهش، مؤسسه تحقیقات جنگلها و مراتع کشور، سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی، تهران، ایران | ||
| چکیده | ||
| پژوهش پیشرو به‌منظور بررسی تغییرات بیوشیمیایی و فیزیولوژیکی نونهالهای سه گونه اکالیپتوس (Eucalyptus camaldulensis Dehnh.، E. microtheca F. Muell و E. occidentalis Endl.) در پاسخ به سمیت سرب انجام شد. بذرها در گلدانهای حاوی سنگریزه کشت شدند و توسط محلول غذایی آبیاری شدند. پس از گذشت 10 هفته، نونهالهای اکالیپتوس در معرض تیمارهای نیترات سرب (صفر، 50، 100 و 200 میلی‌مولار) به مدت 10 ماه قرار گرفتند و پس از آن با استفاده از دستگاه ICP-OES غلظت سرب در اندامهای ریشه، ساقه و برگ نونهالها اندازه‌گیری شد. روند انباشت سرب در برگ به‌صورت E. camaldulensis > E. microtheca < E. occidentalis بود. غلظت سرب در بافت ریشه بیشتر از برگ و ساقه بود و در اغلب موارد در بافت ساقه نیز کمتر از برگ بود. در هر سه گونه با افزایش غلظت سرب، غلظت این عنصر در بافتهای گیاه نیز افزایش یافت. با افزایش غلظت سرب، در هر سه گونه محتوای پرولین و قندهای محلول افزایش یافت و در مقابل محتوای رنگیزهها، محتوای نسبی آب برگ و سطح ویژه برگ کاهش یافت. این نتایج بیان‌گر آن بود که اکالیپتوس دارای مکانیسمهای مؤثر در برابر سمیت سرب ازجمله تجمع حفاظتکنندههای اسمزی بود. در میان سه گونه مورد بررسی، بیشترین غلظت سرب تجمع‌یافته در برگ و ساقه E. occidentalis مشاهده شد که به‌ترتیب 2/38 و 1/82 برابر غلظت سرب تجمع‌یافته در برگ E.camaldulensis و E. microtheca بود، اگرچه حداقل مقدار شاخص تحمل تنش (0/76) در E. occidentalis مشاهده شد. در کل، با توجه به نتایج به‌دست‌آمده میتوان اکالیپتوس را به‌عنوان یک گونه مقاوم به فلز سنگین سرب برای گیاه‌پالایی خاکهای آلوده به سرب درنظر گرفت. | ||
| کلیدواژه‌ها | ||
| پرولین؛ رنگیزه‌های گیاهی؛ سمیت فلزات سنگین؛ قندهای محلول؛ گیاه‌پالایی | ||
| عنوان مقاله [English] | ||
| Osmoprotectants and physiological responses of three Eucalyptus species to toxic concentrations of lead | ||
| نویسندگان [English] | ||
| Anahita Shariat1؛ Mohammad Hasan Assareh2؛ Abbas Ghamari Zare3 | ||
| 1Ph.D. Plant Breeding, Research Institute of Forests and Rangelands, Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), Tehran, Iran | ||
| 2Prof., Research Institute of Forests and Rangelands, Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), Tehran, Iran | ||
| 3Associate Prof., Research Institute of Forests and Rangelands, Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), Tehran, Iran | ||
| چکیده [English] | ||
| One of the serious problems across the world is heavy metal pollution in water bodies that caused by Lead (Pb). This study was designed to find out the effect of Pb toxicity on physiological and biochemical changes in three Eucalyptus species (Eucalyptus camaldulensis Dehnh., E. microtheca F. Muell and E. occidentalis Endl.).Seeds were grown in marble chips and irrigated with nutrient solution. The seedling (42 days old) were exposed to Pb(NO3)2 treatments (Pb:50, 100, 200 mM) for ten months. After this period, leaf, stem and root tissues were harvested. Lead content were determined by ICP-OES and some physiological and morphological characters were determined. The order of Pb accumulation in three species were E. occidentalis> E. camaldulensis> E. microtheca. The concentrations of lead in root tissue were higher than leaf and stem tissue and stem concentration was lower than the concentration of leaf (root Cu>leaf Cu>stem Cu). Tissue concentration increased as Pb increased in three species. The content of prolin, soluble sugar raised by increasing metal concentrations, but the content of pigments, relative water content and specific leaf area decreased. These results suggest that eucalypts have efficient mechanism to tolerate Pb toxicity, as evidenced by accumulating of osmoprotectants. Comparison of three Eucalyptus species revealed that E. occidentalis had the highest concentrations of Pb in the leaves and stems. Accumulation of Pb in the E. occidentalis leaves was 2.38 and 1.82 times more than E. microtheca and E.camaldulensis respectively. Although the least amount of stress tolerance index (0.76) was observed in E. occidentalis. In general, the results showed that Eucalypts could be considered as a tolerant species for hyperaccumulation of lead and phytoremediation of contaminated soil by lead. | ||
| کلیدواژه‌ها [English] | ||
| Heavy metal toxicity, phytoremediation, pigments, prolin, Soluble sugar | ||
| مراجع | ||
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