| تعداد نشریات | 287 |
| تعداد نشریات سازمان | 85 |
| تعداد شمارهها | 3,159 |
| تعداد مقالات | 35,108 |
| تعداد مشاهده مقاله | 50,528,798 |
| تعداد دریافت فایل اصل مقاله | 90,477,702 |
مقایسه محتوای آرتمیزنین و اثر ضد مالاریایی درمنه خزری (Artemisia annua L.) و درمنه جارویی (Artemisia scoparia Waldst. & Kit.) | ||
| تحقیقات گیاهان دارویی و معطر ایران | ||
| مقاله 14، دوره 32، شماره 6 - شماره پیاپی 80، اسفند 1395، صفحه 1073-1087 اصل مقاله (323.6 K) | ||
| نوع مقاله: مقاله پژوهشی | ||
| شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.22092/ijmapr.2017.109325 | ||
| نویسندگان | ||
| عذرا عطائی عظیمی* 1؛ بابک دلنواز هاشملویان1؛ مهدی سلیمی2؛ علیرضا عمان2؛ ابوالفضل ناظمی2؛ انوش اقدامی3 | ||
| 1دانشیار، گروه زیست گیاهی، دانشکده علوم پایه، واحد ساوه، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، ساوه، ایران | ||
| 2کارشناس آزمایشگاه، گروه زیست گیاهی، دانشکده علوم پایه، واحد ساوه، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، ساوه، ایران | ||
| 3استادیار، گروه زیست گیاهی، دانشکده علوم پایه، واحد ساوه، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، ساوه، ایران | ||
| چکیده | ||
| درمنه خزری (Artemisia annua L.) و درمنه جارویی (Artemisia scoparia Waldst. & Kit.) دو گیاه مهم دارویی هستند که در بسیاری از مناطق دنیا و ایران انتشار دارند. مالاریا یک بیماری واگیر در انسان و جانوران است که علت آن انگل تکیاختهای آغازی پلاسمودیوم (Plasmodium) است. در این پژوهش ترکیبهای ترپنوئیدی و آرتمیزنین از اندامهای هوایی و ریشه این دو گونه درمنه استخراج شد. میزان ترپنوئیدها و آرتمیزنین به روش اسپکتروفتومتری سنجش و ترکیبهای ترپنی با روشهای کروماتوگرافی لایه نازک و گاز کروماتوگرافی جرمی شناسایی شدند. در نهایت اثر ضد مالاریای عصارهها، با اندازهگیری اثر بازدارنده این عصارهها بر تشکیل بتا-هماتین (همازواین) در شرایط درون شیشه، اندازهگیری شد. نتایج سنجش نشان داد که ظاهراً همه عصارهها دارای آرتمیزنین هستند ولی کروماتوگرافی لایه نازک و جرمی نشان داد که عصاره استونیتریلی (آرتمیزنینی) درمنه خزری دارای آرتمیزنین و چندین نوع ترپنوئید و عصاره درمنه جارویی با تعداد زیادی ترپنوئید، فاقد آرتمیزنین است. بررسی خاصیت ضد مالاریایی براساس اثر بازدارنده عصارهها بر تشکیل همازواین در شرایط درون شیشه، نشان داد که عصاره استونیتریلی و آبی اندامهای هوایی و ریشه درمنه خزری و عصاره آرتمیزنینی اندامهای هوایی درمنه جارویی اثر ضدمالاریا دارند. اثر بازدارنده عصاره استونیتریلی اندامهای هوایی درمنه خزری دو برابر عصاره استونیتریلی اندامهای هوایی درمنه جارویی و ریشه و عصاره آبی اندامهای هوایی درمنه خزری بود. عصاره استونیتریلی درمنه خزری دارای آرتمیزنین بود. اثر بازدارنده باقی عصارهها بر تشکیل همازواین نشاندهنده اثر ضدمالاریایی ترپنهای دیگر موجود در این عصارهها بود. اثر بازدارنده همه عصارهها بجز عصاره آبی اندامهای هوایی و عصاره استونیتریلی ریشه درمنه جارویی از اثر بازدارنده کلروکوئین فسفات بیشتر بود. | ||
| کلیدواژهها | ||
| مالاریا؛ همازواین؛ ترپن؛ کلروکوئین فسفات | ||
| عنوان مقاله [English] | ||
| Comparison of artemisinin content and anti-malaria effects of Artemisia annua L. and Artemisia scoparia Waldst. & Kit. | ||
| نویسندگان [English] | ||
| A. Ataei Azimi1؛ B. Delnavaz Hashemloian1؛ M. Salimi2؛ A.R. Oman2؛ A. Nazemi2؛ A. Eghdami3 | ||
| 1Department of Plant Biology, Faculty of Science, Saveh Branch, Islamic Azad University, Saveh, Iran | ||
| 2Department of Plant Biology, Faculty of Science, Saveh Branch, Islamic Azad University, Saveh, Iran | ||
| 3Department of Plant Biology, Faculty of Science, Saveh Branch, Islamic Azad University, Saveh, Iran | ||
| چکیده [English] | ||
| Artemisia annua L. and Artemisia scoparia Waldst. & Kit. are two important medicinal plants, distributed in many parts of the world. Malaria is an infectious disease in humans and animals caused by various species of the genus Plasmodium, protozoan parasite begins. In this study, artemisinin and terpenoids were extracted from Artemisia annua and Artemisia scoparia. The terpenoids and artemisinin content was measured by spectrophotometry methods. The terpenoids were detected by Thin-Layer Chromatography and Mass Gas Chromatography. The antimalarial effects of the study extracts were measured based on the inhibitory effect of the extracts on in vitro formation of β-hematin (hemazoin). According to the results, it seemed that all extracts contained artemisinin. However, the results of Thin-Layer Chromatography (TLC) and Mass Gas Chromatography (GC-Mass) showed that the acetonitrile extract (artemisininic extract) of Artemisia annua contained artemisinin and several kinds of terpenoids. The extract of A. scoparia was lack of artemisinin despite containing lots of terpenoids. The inhibitory effects of the study extracts on the in vitro formation of β-hematin (hemazoin) showed that the acetonitrile and aquatic extracts of the shoots and roots of A. annua and A. scoparia had antimalarial effects. The inhibitory effects of acetonitrile extract of A. annua shoots was double of the artemisininic extract of A. scoparia shoots and the aquatic extract of A. annua shoots and roots. The acetonitrile extract of A. annua contained artemisinin. The inhibitory effect of other extracts on the in vitro formation of β-hematin (hemozoin) showed the antimalarial effects of other terpenes in the extracts. The inhibitory effect of all extracts, except the aqueous extract of shoots and the acetonitrile extract of roots in A. scoparia, was more than that of chloroquine phosphate. | ||
| کلیدواژهها [English] | ||
| Malaria, hemazoin, terpenes, chloroquine phosphate | ||
| مراجع | ||
|
- Afshar, F., 2011. Evaluation of antimalarial, free-radicalscavenging and insecticidal activities of Artemisia scoparia and A. spicigera. Brazilian Journal of Pharmacognosy, 21(6): 986-990. - Akkawi, M., Aljazzar, A., Abul Haj, M. and Abu-Remeleh, Q., 2012a. The effect of cis-2-(1h imidazole 2-yl)-1H-imidazole dichloro platinum (II) on the in-vitro formation of β-hematin. British Journal of Pharmacol. Toxicol, 3(2): 65-69. - Akkawi, M., Sharif, A., Salem, K., Saleh A. and Abu-Remeleh, Q., 2012b. Wild sage (Salvia officinalis) as a potential anti-malarial drug. Malaria Journal, 11(Suppl1): 1-3. - Akkawi, M., Jaber, S., Abu-Remeleh, Q., Engeu, O.P. and Lutgen, P., 2014a. Investigations of Artemisia annua and Artemisia sieberi water extracts inhibitory effects on β-hematin formation. Medical Aromatic Plants, 3(1): 150-155. - Akkawi, M., Aburemeleh, Q., Jaber, S., Qutob, M. and Lutgen P., 2014b. The effect of Artemisia sieberi extracts on the formation of β-hematin. British Journal of Pharmacology and Toxicology, 5(1): 49-54 - Aljazzar, A., Abu-Remeleh, Q., Alsharif, A., Abul Haj, M. and Akkawi, M., 2010. In vitro inhibition of β-hematin by 2,4-diamino-6-mercaptopyrimidine and 2-mercaptopyrimidine. Journal of Chemistry, 4(12): 57-65. - Bharati, A. and Sabat, S.C., 2010. A spectrophotometric assay for quantification of artemisinin. Talanta, 82(3):1033-1037. - Butler, A.R. and Wu, Y.L., 1992. Artemisinin (qinghaosu), a new type of antimalarial drug. Chemical Society Review, 21: 85-90. - Efferth, T., Dunstan, H., Sauerberry, A., Miyachi, H. and Chitambar, C.R., 2001. The anti-malarial artesunate is also active against cancer. International Journal of Oncology, 18: 767-773. - Elfawal, M., Towler, M., Reich, N., Golenbock, D., Weathers, P. and Rich, S., 2012. Dried whole plant Artemisia annua as an antimalarial therapy. PLoS ONE, 7(12): 522-546. - Ferreira, J.F.S. and Janick, J., 1995. Floral morphology of Artemisia annua with special reference to trichomes. International Journal of Plant Science, 156: 807-815 - Ferreira, J.F.S., Laughlin, J.C., Delabays, N. and Magalhaes, P.M., 2005. Cultivation and genetics of Artemisia annua for increased production of the anti-malarial artemisinin. Plant Genetic Research, 3: 206-229. - Fitch, C.D. and Kanjananggulpan, P., 1987. The state of ferriprotoporphyrin IX in malaria pigment. Journal of Biology and Chemistry, 262: 15552-15555. - Goldberg, D., Slater, A., Cerami, A. and Henderson, G., 1990. Hemoglobin degradation in the malaria parasite Plasmodium falciparum: An ordered process in a unique organelle. Plant. Natural Academic Science, 87: 2931-2935. - Göpfert, J.C., MacNevin, G., Ro, D.K. and spring, O., 2009. Identification, functional characterize-ation and developmental regulation of sesquiterpene synthases from sunflower capitate glandular trichomes. BMC plant biology, 9(1): 86. - Klayman, D.L., 1985. Qinghaosu (artemisinin): an antimalarial drug from China. Science, 228: 1049-1055. - Krugliak, M., Zhang, F. and Ginsburg, H., 2002. Intraerythrocytic Plasmodium falciparum utilizes only a fraction of the amino acids derived from the digestion of host cell cytosol for the biosynthesis of its proteins. Molecular Biochemistry Parasitology, 119: 249-256. - Kumar, S., Guha, M., Choubey, V., Maity, P. and Bandyopadhyay, U., 2007. Antimalarial drugs inhibiting hemozoin (beta-hematin) formation: A mechanistic update. Life Science, 80(9): 813-828. - Laughlin, J.C., Heazlewood, G.N. and Beattie, B.M., 2002. Cultivation of Artemisia annua L.: 159-195. In: Wright, C.W., (Ed.). Artemisia. Taylor and Francis, London, 344p. - Liu, C.Z., Murch, S.J., EL-Demerdash, M. and Saxena, P.K., 2003. Regenration of Egyption medicinal plant Artemisia judicia. Plant Cell Reports, 21(6): 525-530. - Lutgen, P., 2012. Retreieved form: http://www.malariaworld. Org/blog/artemisia-absinthium forgotten antimalarial. - Ma, C., Wang, H., Lu, X., Li, H., Liu, B. and Xu, G., 2007. Analysis of Artemisia annua L. volatile oil by comprehensive two-dimensional gas chromatography time-of-flight mass spectrometry. Journal of Chromatography A, 1150: 50-53. - Maffei, M.E., Gertsch. J. and Appendino, G., 2011. Plant volatiles: production, function and pharmacology. Natural Product Reports, 28(8): 1359-1380. - Martens, P. and Hall, L., 2000. Malaria on the move: human population movement and malaria transmission. Emerging Infectious Diseases, 6: 103-109. - Mirjalili, M.H., 2007. Phenological variation of the essential oil of Artemisia scoparia Waldst. et Kit from Iran.Journal of Essential Oil Research, 19: 326-329. - Miyaoka, H., Shimomura, M., Kimura, H., Yamada, Y., Kim, H.S. and Yusuke, W., 1998. Antimalarial activity of kalihinol A and new relative diterpenoids from the Okinawan sponge. Acanthella sp. Tetrahedron, 54(44): 13467-13474. - Monzote, L., Alarcón, O. and Setzer, W.N., 2013. Antiprotozoal activity of essential oils. Agriculturae Conspectus Scientificus (ACS), 77(4): 167-175. - Nahrevanian, H., Sheykhkanlooye Milan, B., Kazemi, M., Hajhosseini, R., Soleymani Mashhadi, S. and Nahrevanian, S., 2012. Antimalarial effects of Iranian flora Artemisia sieberi on Plasmodium berghei in vivo in mice and phytochemistry analysis of its herbal extracts. Malaria Research Treatment, 8: 727-732. - Nguyen, D.T., Göpfert, J.C., Ikezawa, N., MacNevin, G., Kathiresan, M. and Conrad. J., 2010. Biochemical conservation and evolution of germacrene A oxidase in Asteraceae. Journal of Biological Chemistry, 285(22): 16588-16598. - Ogwang, P.E., Ogwal, J.O., Kasasa, S., Ejobi, F., Kabasa, D. and Obua, C., 2011. Use of Artemisia annua L. infusion for malaria prevention: mode of action and benefits in a Ugandan community. British Journal of Pharmacology Research, 1(4): 124-132. - Oliveira, M.F., Timm, B. and Machado, E.A., 2002. On the pro-oxidant effects of haemozoin. FEBS Lett, 512: 139-144. - Pagola, S., Stephens D., Kosar, A. and Madsen, S., 2000. The structure of malaria pigment β-hematin. Nature, 404: 307-310. - Rathore, D., 2006. Strategies for malaria control: 49-53. In: Sobral, B., (Ed.). Virginia Bioinformatics Institute at Virginia Tech. VBI Scientific Annual Report, 111p. - Renu, S. and Aditi, S., 2010. Artemisia scoparia-A new source of artemisinin. Bangladesh Journal of Pharmacology, 5(1): 1-17. - Singh, A., Sarin, R. and Yaduvanshi, A., 2012. Genetic studies of Artemisia scoparia ET kit subject to salt stress. Scholarly Journal of Agricultural Science, 2(4): 80-82. - Singh, H.P., Kaur, S., Mittal, S., Batish, D.R. and Kohli, R.K., 2010. In vitro screening of essential oil from young and mature leaves of Artemisia scoparia compared to its major constituents for free radical scavenging activity. Food Chemistry Toxicology, 48: 1040-1044. - Singh, H.P., Kaur, S., Mittal, S., Batish, D.R. and Kohli, R.K., 2009. Essential oil of Artemisia scoparia inhibits plant growth by generating reactive oxygen species and causing oxidative damage. Journal of Chemistry and Ecology, 35: 154-162. - Singh, H.P., Kaur, S., Mittal, S., Batish, D.R. and Kohli, R.K., 2008. Phytotoxicity of major constituents of the volatile oil from leaves of Artemisia scoparia Waldst. & Kit. Z. Naturforsch, 63: 663-666. - Siveen, K.S. and Kuttan, G., 2011. Augmentation of humoral and cell mediated immune responses by Thujone. International Immuno Pharmacology, 11(12): 1967-1975. - Steele, J., Warhurst, D., Kirby, G. and Simmonds, M., 1999. In vitro and in vivo evaluation of betulinic acid as an antimalarial. Phytotherapy Research, 13(2): 115-119. - Verdian-rizi, M.R., 2008. Variation in the essential oil composition of Artemisia annua L. of different growth stages cultivated in Iran. African Journal of Plant Science, 2(2): 016-018. - Weissbuch, I. and Leiserowitz, L., 2008. Interplay between malaria, crystalline hemozoin formation and antimalarial drug action and design. Chemistry Research, 108(11): 4899-4914. - White, N.J., Nosten, F., Looareesuwan, S., Watkins, W.M., Marsh, K., Snow, R.W., Kokwaro, G., Ouma, J., Hien, T.T. and Olliaro, P., 1999. Adverting a malaria disaster. Lancet, 353: 1965-1967. - Willcox, M.L. and Bodeker, G., 2004. Traditional herbal medicines for malaria. British Medical Journal, 329(7475): 1156-1163. - Wink, M., 2012. Medicinal plants: a source of anti-parasitic secondary metabolites. Molecules, 17(11): 12771-12791. - Wright, C.W., 2005. Plant derived antimalarial agents: new leads and challenges. Phytochemistry Reviews, 4(1): 55-61. - Xu, X.X., Zhu, J., Huang, D.Z. and Zhou, W.S., 1986. Total synthesis of artemisinin and deoxyartemisinin. Tetrahedron, 42: 819-828. - Yann, L.K., Babaeian-Jelodar, N. and Lai-Keng, C., 2012. Investigation on the effect of subculture frequency and inoculum size on the artemisinin content in a cell suspension culture of Artemisia annua L., Applied Journal of Chemistry Science, 6(5): 801-807. - Zhao, Y., Hantan, W.K. and Lee, K.H., 1986. Antimalarial agents, artesunate, an inhibitor of cytochrome oxidase activity in Plasmodium berghei. Journal of Natural Products, 49: 139-142. | ||
|
آمار تعداد مشاهده مقاله: 1,377 تعداد دریافت فایل اصل مقاله: 1,111 |
||