| تعداد نشریات | 284 |
| تعداد نشریات سازمان | 82 |
| تعداد شماره‌ها | 3,036 |
| تعداد مقالات | 33,984 |
| تعداد مشاهده مقاله | 45,765,684 |
| تعداد دریافت فایل اصل مقاله | 77,188,901 |
بررسی تاثیر محیط‌های غذایی طبیعی روی میزان تولید و زندهمانی اسپور و بلاستوسپورهای قارچ Metarhizium anisopliae | ||
| مهار زیستی در گیاهپزشکی | ||
| مقاله 9، دوره 4، شماره 1 - شماره پیاپی 7، شهریور 1395، صفحه 94-104 اصل مقاله (156.01 K) | ||
| نوع مقاله: مقاله پژوهشی | ||
| شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): BCPP-1508-49 (R2) | ||
| نویسندگان | ||
| سیامک روشندل1؛ حسن عسکری* 2؛ رضا طلایی حسنلویی3؛ حسین اللهیاری4 | ||
| 1دانشگاه تهران، گروه گیاه پزشکی، پردیس کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی، دانشگاه تهران، کرج، ایران | ||
| 2محقق بخش کنترل بیولوژیک،موسسه تحقیقات گیاهپزشکی کشور | ||
| 3گروه گیاهپزشکی دانشگاه تهران، کرج | ||
| 4عصو هیات علمی گروه گیاه پزشکی، پردیس کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی، دانشگاه تهران، کرج ایران | ||
| چکیده | ||
| در این تحقیق میزان تولید و جوانه زنی اسپور و بلاستوسپورهای قارچ Metarhizium anisopliae که روی بذرهای مختلف تولید شده بودند، مورد ارزیابی قرار گرفت. آزمایش‌ها به‌صورت فاکتوریل و در قالب طرح کاملاً تصادفی که دارای 9 تیمار در سه تکرار بودند، انجام شد. نتایج اختلاف معنی‌داری را بین تعداد کنیدی تولید شده، دو هفته پس از کشت نشان داد (F= 4.66, df= 7, 16, p<0.01). بیشترین میانگین تولید محصول به‌میزان 108×1/3 و 108×3 کنیدی/گرم متعلق به آرد برنج و محیط کشت SDA (شاهد) بود. کمترین میانگین تولید محصول به‌میزان 106×4 کنیدی/گرم متعلق به سبوس گندم بود. همچنین اختلاف معنی‌داری بین میزان تولید بلاستوسپور بعد از 4 روز کشت در محیط‌های مایع مشاهده شد (F= 2.57, df=8, 18, p<0.05). بیشترین و کمترین میزان تولید بلاستوسپور به‌میزان 108×1/6 و 108×5/4 در هر میلی‌لیتر به‌ترتیب متعلق به عصاره‌ی سبوس گندم+سبوس برنج+مخمر و سبوس برنج+مخمر بودند. تجزیه‌ی واریانس برای تیمارهای مواد افزودنی شیمیایی و عناصر غذایی که در محیط‌های کشت مایع اضافه شده بودند نشان داد که اختلاف معنی‌داری بین تیمارها وجود دارد (F=5.02, df= 13, 29, p<0.01) بیشترین میزان تولید بلاستوسپور در هر میلی‌لیتر 108×6/6، 108×1/6 و 108×7/5 به‌ترتیب متعلق به تیمار عصاره‌ی سبوس برنج+سبوس گندم+مخمر+آب پنیر؛ تیمار عصاره‌ی سبوس برنج+عصاره‌ی سبوس گندم+مخمر و تیمار عصاره‌ی سبوس گندم+عصاره‌ی سبوس برنج، سولفات منیزیوم و کمترین میزان محصول تولید شده متعلق به تیمار آب انگور بود. نتایج نشان داد که میانگین درصد جوانه‌زنی کنیدی‌های M. anisopliae بعد از یک، دو و سه ماه که در شرایط 4 و 25 درجه‌ی سلسیوس نگهداری شده بودند، تفاوت معنی‌داری با هم داشتند. درصد جوانه‌زنی در تمام تیمارهایی که در یخچال نگهداری شده بودند بیشتر از تیمارهایی بودند که در دمای معمولی اتاق حفظ شده بودند. | ||
| کلیدواژه‌ها | ||
| جوانه‌زنی؛ تولید انبوه؛ قارچ؛ عناصر غذایی؛ محیط کشت؛ Metarhizium anisopliae | ||
| عنوان مقاله [English] | ||
| The effects of natural substrates on the sporulation and viability of conidia and blastospores of Metarhizium anisopliae | ||
| نویسندگان [English] | ||
| Siamak Roshandel1؛ Hasan Askary2؛ Reza Talaei-Hassanloui3؛ Hosin Allahyari4 | ||
| چکیده [English] | ||
| In this study the effects of natural grain-based media on the sporulation and germination of conidia and blastospores of Metarhizium anisopliae were investigated. Experiments were conducted with factorial arrangement in a completely randomized design with nine treatments and three replications. The obtained results showed that there was significant difference in the yield of conidia among different treatnents, two weeks after inoculation, (F= 4.66, df= 7, 16, p<0.01). Highest average yields were obtained as 3.1×108 and 3×108 conidia/g in rice flour and Sabouraud’s Dextrose Agar with 1% yeast extract, respectively. The lowest level of conidia yield was 4×106 conidia/g which obtained in the wheat bran medium. There was significant difference between blastospores yields four days after inoculation of the media, (F=2.57, df= 8, 18, p<0.05). The highest and lowest average yield of blastospores were 6.1×108 and 4.5×108 blastospores/ml and were obtained in the wheat bran+rice bran+yeast extract and rice bran+yeast extract media, respectively. Analysis of variance of nutritional and chemical amendments which were added to blastospores media showed significant differences in the yield among different treatments (F=5.02, df=13, 29, p<0.01). The highest average yield of blastospores were 6.6×108, 6.1×108 and 5.7 ×108 blastospores/ml which were obtained in the rice bran+wheat bran+yeast extract+whey powder, rice bran+wheat bran+yeast extract, and wheat bran+rice bran+magnesium sulfate media, respectively. The lowest average yield of the blastospores was obtained in the media containing grape juice. Results also showed significant difference between the means of germination rate of conidia one, two and three month storage at 4°C and 25°C. The highest germination rate belonged to treatments stored in the refrigerator. | ||
| کلیدواژه‌ها [English] | ||
| oculture substrate, mass production, Media, Metarhizium anisopliae | ||
| مراجع | ||
|
Arcas, J.A., Diaz, B.M., & Lecuona, R.E. 1999. Bioinsecticidal activity of conidia and dry mycelium preparations of two isolate of Beauveria bassiana against the sugarcane borer, Diatraea saccharalis. Journal of Biotechnology, 67: 151-158. Assaf, A., Escobar, F. & de la Torre, M. 2009. Culture medium improvement for Isaria fumosorosea submerged conidia production. Biochemical Engineering Journal, 47: 87-92. Bena-Molaei, P., Talaei-Hassanloui, R., Askary, H., and Kharazi-Pakdel, A. 2011. Study on potential of some solid natural substances in production of Beauveria bassiana (Ascomycota, Cordycipitaceae) conidia. Journal of Entomological Society of Iran, 30(2): 1-15. (In Farsi). Dorta, B., Bosch, A., Arcas, J.A., & Ertola, R.J. 1990. High level of sporulation of Metarhizium anisopliae in a medium containing by-products. Applied Microbiology Biotechnology, 33: 712-715. EL Damir, M. 2006. Effect of growing media and water volume on conidial production of Beauveria bassiana and Metarhizium anisopliae. Journal of Biological Sciences, 6(2): 269-274. Fargus, J., Smits, N., Vidal, C., Vega, F., & Mercadier, G. 2001. Effect of liquid culture media on morphology, growth, propagule production, and pathogenic activity of the hyphomycete, Metarhizium flavoviridae. Mycopathologica, 154: 127-138. Goettel, M.S. & Inglis, G.D. 1997. Fungi: Hyphomycetes. pp. 213-249. In: Lacey L.A. (ed.), Manual of Techniques in Insect Pathology. Academic Press, San Diego, USA. Farsi, M.J., Askary, H., Talebi Jahromi, KH., & Kharazi Pakdel, A. 2005. Effect of important ecological factors on blastospore production of Verticillium lecanii DAOM 198499 in liquid medium. Iranian, Journal of Agriculture Science, 36(1):109-119. (In Persian). Feng, M.G., Liu, B.L., & Tzeng, Y.M. 2000. Verticillium lecanii spore production in solid-state and liquid-state fermentations. Bioprocess and Biosystems Engineering,23: 25-29. Ibrahim, L., Butt, T., & Jenkinson, P. 2002. Effect of artificial culture media on germination, growth, virulence and surface properties of the enthomopathogenic Hyphomycete Metarhizium anisopliae. Mycological Research, 106: 705-715. Issaly, N., Chauveau, H., Aglevor, F., Fargues, J., & Durand, A. 2005. Influence of nutrient, pH and dissolved oxygen on the production of Metarhizium flavoviride Mf189 blastospores in submerged batch culture. Process Biochemistry, 40: 1425-1431. Jackson, M.A. 1997. Optimizing nutritional conditions for the liquid culture production of effective fungal biological control agents. Journal of Industrial Microbiology & Biotechnology, 19: 180-187. Jackson, M.A., Erhan, S., & Poprawski, T.J. 2006. Influence of formulation additives on the desiccation tolerance and storage stability of blastospores of the entomopathogenic fungus Paecilomyces fumosoroseus (Deuteromycotina:Hyphomycetes).Biocontrol Science and Technology, 16(1): 61-75. Jackson, M.A., Cliquet, S. & ItenL, B. 2003. Media and fermentation processes for the rapid production of high concentrations of stable blastospores of the bioinsecticidal fungus Paecilomyces fumosoroseus, Biocontrol Science and Technology, 13: 23-33. Jenkins, N.E., & Prior, C. 1993. Growth and formation of true conidia by Metarhiziumflavoviride in a simple liquid medium. Mycological Research, 97(12): 1489-1494. Jenkins, N.E., Heviefo, G., Langewald, J., Cherry, A.J., & Lomer, C.J. 1998. Development of mass production technology for aerial conidia for use as mycopesticides. Biocontrol News and Information, 19: 21-31. Jenkins, N.E., Ali, B.S. & Moore, D. 2007. Mass production of entomopathogenic fungi for biological control of insect pest. pp. 287-293. In: Parker, B.L., Skinner, M., EL Bouhssini, M. & S. G. Kumair (eds), Sunn Pest Management, A Decade of Progress 1994-2004. ICARDA, Aleppo, Syria, Arab Society for Plant Protection. Kassa, A., Brownbridge, M., Parker, B., Skinner, M, Gouli, V., Gouli, T., Guo, S.M., & Lee, F. 2007. Evaluation of whey powder as a basal media ingredient for mass production of Beauveria bassiana and Metarhizium anisopliae. Proceedings of the 40th Annual meeting of the society for invertebrate pathology and 1st international forum on the entomopathogenic nematodes and symbiotic bacteria, 12-16 Aug., Quebec City, Universite Laval, Canada, 97. Mascarin, G.M., Alves, S.B., & Lopes, R. 2010. Culture media selection for mass production of Isaria fumosorosea and Isaria farinose. Brazilian Archives of Biology and Technology, 53(4): 753-761. Ortiz-Urquiza, A., Keyhani, N.O., & Quesada-Moraga E. 2013. Culture conditions affect virulence and production of insect toxic proteins in the entomopathogenic fungus Metarhizium anisopliae. Biocontrol Science and Technology, 23(10): 1199-1212. Pham,T.H., Kim, J.J., Kim, G.S., & Kim, K. 2009. Production of blastospores of entomopathogenic fungus Beauveria bassiana in a submerged batch culture. Mycobiology, 37(3): 218-224. Safavi, S.A., Shah, F.A., Pakdel, A.K., Rasoulian, G.R., Bandani, A.R., & Butt, T.M. 2007. Effect of nutrition on growth and virulence of the entomopathogenic fungus Beauveria bassiana, FEMS Microbiology Letters, 270: 116-123. Rangel, D.E.N., Alston, D.G., & Roberts, D.W. 2008. Effects of physical and nutritional stress conditions during mycelial growth on conidial germination speed, adhesion to host cuticle, and virulence of Metarhizium anisopliae, an entomopathogenic fungus. Mycological Research, 112: 1355-1361. Roshandel, S., Talaei Hassanlouei, R., Askary, H., Allahyari, H. & Marzban, R. 2013. Effect of culture substrates on virulence of Metarhizium anisopliae conidia and blastospores against Sunn pest, Eurygaster integriceps. Iranian Journal of Plant Protection Science, 44(2): 225-234. Shah, F., Wang, C.S., & Butt, T.M. 2005. Nutrition influences growth and virulence of the insect-pathogenic fungus Metarhizium anisopliae FEMS. MicrobiologyLetters, 251(2): 259-266. Tlecuital-Beristain, S., Gonzalez, G.V., Diaz-Godinez, G., & Lovea, O. 2010. Medium selection and effect of higher Oxygen concentration pulses on Metarhizium anisopliae Var Lepidiotum conidial production and quality. Mycopathologia, 169: 367-394. Thomas, K.C., Khachatourians, G., & Ingledew, W.M. 1987. Production and properties of Beauveria bassiana conidia cultivated in submerged culture. Canadian Journal of Microbiology, 33: 12-20. Wraight, S.P., Jackson, M.A. & Kock, S.L. 2001. Production, stabilization and formulation of fungal biocontrol agents. pp. 253-287. In: Butt, T.M., Jackson, C.W. & Magan, N. (eds), Fungi as Biocontrol Agents: Progress, Problems and Potential. CABI publishing, Wallingford, Wu, J.H., Ali, S., Huang, Z., Ren, S. X., & Cai, S.J. 2010. Media composition influences growth, enzyme activity and virulence of the entomopathogen Metarhizium anisopliae (Hypocreales: Clavicipitaceae). Pakistan Journal of Zoology, 42: 451-459. Wyss, G.S., Charudattan, R., & DeValerio, J.T. 2001. Evaluation of agar and grain media for mass Production of conidia of Dactylaria higginsii. Plant Disease, 85: 1165-1170. Zimmermann, G. 1993. The entomopathogenic fungus Metarhizium anisopliae and its potential as a biocontrol agent. Pesticide Science, 37(4): 375-379. | ||
|
آمار تعداد مشاهده مقاله: 778 تعداد دریافت فایل اصل مقاله: 1,025 |
||