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بررسی القای پلیپلوئیدی در سیاهدانه (Nigella sativa L.) از طریق تیمار بذر با کلشیسین | ||
| تحقیقات گیاهان دارویی و معطر ایران | ||
| مقاله 8، دوره 32، شماره 5 - شماره پیاپی 79، دی 1395، صفحه 824-832 اصل مقاله (393.67 K) | ||
| نوع مقاله: مقاله پژوهشی | ||
| شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.22092/ijmapr.2016.108079 | ||
| نویسندگان | ||
| سیامک ذیشان1؛ رسول اصغری زکریا* 2؛ ناصر زارع2 | ||
| 1گروه زراعت و اصلاح نباتات، دانشکده علوم کشاورزی، دانشگاه محقق اردبیلی، اردبیل | ||
| 2دانشیار، گروه زراعت و اصلاح نباتات، دانشکده علوم کشاورزی، دانشگاه محقق اردبیلی، اردبیل، ایران | ||
| چکیده | ||
| سیاهدانه (Nigella sativa L.) گیاهی یکساله از خانواده آلاله است که دانه آن حاوی پروتئین، آلکالوئیدها، کینونها، ساپونین و اسانس فرّار بوده و علیه برخی از باکتریها و درمان بسیاری از بیماریها بکار میرود. در این تحقیق القاء پلیپلوئیدی در گیاه سیاهدانه از طریق تیمار بذر با غلظتهای 0، 025/0، 05/0، 1/0 و 2/0 درصد کلشیسین در مدت زمان 8، 24 و 48 ساعت در قالب آزمایش فاکتوریل با طرح پایه کاملاً تصادفی در سه تکرار بررسی شد. تعیین درصد گیاهان تتراپلوئید از طریق بررسی صفات مورفولوژیکی و مشاهدات کروموزومی انجام شد. تجزیه واریانس دادههای حاصل نشان داد که اثر غلظت کلشیسین، مدت زمان تیمار و اثر متقابل آنها بر زندهمانی گیاهان و درصد القاء تتراپلوئیدی معنیدار است. با افزایش غلظت کلشیسین و مدت زمان تیمار، درصد جوانهزنی بذرها و زندهمانی گیاهان حاصل بهطور قابل ملاحظهای کاهش یافت. کمترین تعداد گیاهان زنده مانده در غلظت 2/0% کلشیسین با زمان تیمار 24 و 48 ساعت مشاهده شد. بیشترین درصد گیاهان تتراپلوئید القاء شده (9/9%) در غلظت 05/0% کلشیسین با مدت زمان تیمار 48 ساعت بدست آمد که تفاوت معنیداری با غلظتهای 1/0% و 2/0% آن با همین زمان تیمار نداشت. البته گیاهان حاصل از تیمار با کلشیسین، ارتفاع بوته، فواصل میانگره، طول و عرض کپسول بیشتری نسبت به گیاهان دیپلوئید داشتند. علاوهبر این، آنها دارای روزنههای بزرگتر با تعداد کمتر در مقایسه با گیاهان دیپلوئید بودند. | ||
| کلیدواژهها | ||
| اتوپلیپلوئیدی؛ کلشیسین؛ سیاهدانه (Nigella sativa L.)؛ القاء پلیپلوئیدی | ||
| عنوان مقاله [English] | ||
| Polyploidy induction in black cumin (Nigella sativa L.) by colchicine treatment on seeds | ||
| نویسندگان [English] | ||
| S. Zishan1؛ R. Asghari Zakaria2؛ N. Zare2 | ||
| 1M.Sc. in Agricultural Biotechnology, Department of Agronomy and Plant Breeding, Faculty of Agricultural Sciences, University of Mohaghegh Ardabili, Ardabil, Iran | ||
| 2Department of Agronomy and plant breeding, Faculty of Agricultural Sciences, University of Mohaghegh Ardabili, Ardabil, Iran | ||
| چکیده [English] | ||
| Nigella Sativa L. is an annual plant from Ranunculacea family. Its seeds contain protein, alkaloids, kinons, saponin, and volatile essential oil used as antibacterial agent and treatment of some diseases. This study was aimed to investigate the polyploidy induction in Nigella sativa via seed treatment at colchicine concentrations of 0, 0.025%, 0.05%, 0.1%, and 0.2% for 8, 24 and 48 hours. The study was conducted in a factorial experiment based on completely randomized design with three replications. The percentage of tetraploid plants was determined through the morphological and chromosomal studies. Results of analysis of variance showed that effects of colchicine level, treatment duration, and the interaction between them were significant on the survival of plants and percentage of tetraploidy induction. The seed germination and viability of plants significantly decreased with increasing of colchicine concentration and treatment duration. The lowest number of survived plants was observed at a concentration of 2.0% colchicine and a treatment time of 24 and 48 hours. The highest percentage of induced tetraploid plants (9.9%) was obtained at a concentration of 0.05% colchicine with a treatment time of 48 hours, showing no significant difference with concentrations of 1 and 2 % at the same treatment time. The plants treated with colchicine showed higher plant height, internodes length, capsule width and length compared to that of control plants. Furthermore, they had larger stomata with lower number as compared with diploid plants. | ||
| کلیدواژهها [English] | ||
| Autopolyploidy, colchicine, Nigella sativa L, polyploidy induction | ||
| مراجع | ||
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