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استفاده ازتجزیه به روش جمعی در مطالعه اثر جهت و ارتفاع از سطح دریا بر مؤلفههای تنوع آلفا، بتا و گاما (مطالعه موردی: منطقه حفاظت شده گنو، استان هرمزگان) | ||
| تحقیقات مرتع و بیابان ایران | ||
| مقاله 19، دوره 23، شماره 3، مهر 1395، صفحه 645-660 اصل مقاله (414.34 K) | ||
| نوع مقاله: مقاله پژوهشی | ||
| شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.22092/ijrdr.2016.107625 | ||
| نویسندگان | ||
| سجاد امیری1؛ رضا عرفانزاده* 2؛ یحیی اسماعیل پور3؛ رضا امیدی پور1 | ||
| 1دانشجوی کارشناسی ارشد رشته مرتعداری، دانشگاه تربیت مدرس، نور، ایران. | ||
| 2نویسنده مسئول، دانشیار گروه مرتعداری، دانشکده منابع طبیعی دانشگاه تربیت مدرس، شهرستان نور، استان مازندران، ایران | ||
| 3استادیار گروه مرتع و آبخیزداری دانشگاه هرمزگان، استان هرمزگان، ایران. | ||
| چکیده | ||
| در مطالعات تنوع گونهای استفاده از روش‌هایی که بتواند تنوع هر مقیاس را تعیین نماید ضروری است. تقسیم‌بندی افزایشی روشی (تجزیه به روش جمعی) برای اندازه‌گیری و مقایسه مؤلفههای تنوع در مقیاس‌های مکانی و زمانی مختلف می‌باشد. بنابراین این تحقیق با هدف بررسی تأثیر ارتفاع و جهت بر مؤلفههای تنوع گونهای (آلفا، بتا و گاما) با روش تقسیم‌بندی افزایشی در منطقه حفاظت شده کوه گنو انجام شد. فهرست‌‌برداری از گیاهان در 9 طبقه ارتفاعی (1050-400 متر) در دو جهت جنوبی و شرقی و با تعداد 5 پلات 4 مترمربعی (در مجموع 90 پلات) در هر طبقه ارتفاعی انجام شد. کل غنای گونهای (rγ) به مؤلفههای داخل نمونهها یا پلات (1α)، بین نمونهها (1β)، بین طبقات ارتفاعی (2β) و بین جهت (3β) تقسیم‌بندی شد. تجزیه و تحلیل مؤلفههای تنوع گونهای نشان داد که مؤلفه تنوع 3β با 36/72 درصد و 1β با 19/8 درصد به ترتیب دارای بیشترین و کمترین سهم را از تنوع کل به خود اختصاص دادند. به علاوه 3β بیشتر از میزان مورد انتظار و تنوع آلفا (1α) کمتر از میزان مورد انتظار آن بود که نشان دهنده پراکنش غیر تصادفی گونههای گیاهی است. در دو جهت شرقی و جنوبی کمترین میزان درصد مشاهده‌‌ای و مورد انتظار در سطح آلفا دیده شد و از طرفی در هر دو جهت کمترین مقدار اعداد مشاهده‌‌ای در سطح آلفا ثبت گردید که مقدار آن در جهت جنوبی برابر 95/5 درصد و برای جهت شرقی 73/5 درصد بود. به طور کلی نتایج نشان داد که مؤلفههای بتا درصد بیشتری نسبت به مؤلفه آلفا داشتند و از میزان موردانتظار آنها بیشتر بود. از طرفی مؤلفه‌‌ی آلفا در دو جهت شرقی و جنوبی از میزان موردانتظار آن کمتر دیده شد. نتایج نشان داد که بیشترین تنوع شانون در طبقات ارتفاعی 1600-1200 متر و غنای گونهای در طبقات 2050-1600 متر بود که بهترتیب مقدار 72/1 و 22 را به خود اختصاص دادند. بر اساس نتایج بدست آمده از این پژوهش پیشنهاد میگردد جهت حفاظت و افزایش تنوع، مقیاس منطقه‌‌ای (کل منطقه مورد مطالعه) بایستی مد نظر قرار گیرد که، حفاظت مؤثری از تنوع کل (γ) به عمل خواهد آمد. | ||
| کلیدواژه‌ها | ||
| تنوع گیاهی؛ گرادیان ارتفاع؛ جهت دامنه؛ تنوع شانون؛ غنای گونهای | ||
| عنوان مقاله [English] | ||
| Application of additive partitioning to study the effect of aspect and elevation on alpha, beta and gamma diversities of plant species (case study: protected area of Geno, Hormozgan province) | ||
| نویسندگان [English] | ||
| Sajad Amiri1؛ reza erfanzadeh2؛ yahya esmaeil pour3؛ reza omidipour1 | ||
| چکیده [English] | ||
| This research was aimed to study the effects of elevation and aspect on diversity components (alpha, beta and gamma) using additive partitioning in the Geno Mountain. All plant species were listed in nine elevation zones (400-1050 m a.s.l.) in southern and eastern aspects of Geno. The cover percentage was measured using five plots of 4m2 (in total 90 plots) in each elevation zone. Total plant species diversity (γr) was partitioned into additive components within plots (α1) and between plots (β1) and among elevation zones (β2) and among aspects (β3). The results showed that β3 diversity (72.36%) and β1 (8.19%) had the highest and lowest contribution to the total diversity (γr), respectively. The β3 and α1 values were higher and lower than the expected values, respectively, indicating the non-random distribution of plant species. The lowest observed percentage and expected values at the alpha level were recorded for both southern and eastern directions. In addition, the lowest observed values at the alpha level were recorded for the southern (5.95%) and eastern (5.73%) directions. Generally, beta components had a higher percentage, whose values were higher than that of the expected values. On the other hand, the alpha component in eastern and southern directions was lower than expected values. The results showed that the highest Shannon index (1.72) and richness (22) were obtained at elevations of 1200-1600 m a.s.l. and 1600-2050 m a.s.l, respectively.According to the results of this study, it is suggested that the regional scale (whole area) should be taken into consideration to protect and enhance the diversity. | ||
| کلیدواژه‌ها [English] | ||
| plant diversity, gradient elevation, aspect, shannon diversity, Species richness | ||
| مراجع | ||
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