| تعداد نشریات | 282 |
| تعداد نشریات سازمان | 80 |
| تعداد شمارهها | 3,186 |
| تعداد مقالات | 35,332 |
| تعداد مشاهده مقاله | 51,393,691 |
| تعداد دریافت فایل اصل مقاله | 91,299,055 |
اثر آتشسوزی و چرا بر تراکم، تنوع و غنای بانک بذر خاک در مراتع نیمهاستپی زاگرس مرکزی | ||
| تحقیقات مرتع و بیابان ایران | ||
| مقاله 3، دوره 23، شماره 3، مهر 1395، صفحه 442-453 اصل مقاله (327.42 K) | ||
| نوع مقاله: مقاله پژوهشی | ||
| شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.22092/ijrdr.2016.107604 | ||
| نویسندگان | ||
| علی اصغر نقی پور برج* 1؛ سید جمال الدین خواجه الدین2؛ حسین بشری3؛ مجید ایروانی3؛ پژمان طهماسبی4 | ||
| 1استادیار، دانشکده منابع طبیعی و علوم زمین، دانشگاه شهرکرد، ایران | ||
| 2استاد، گروه مرتع و آبخیزداری، دانشکده منابع طبیعی، دانشگاه صنعتی اصفهان، اصفهان، ایران | ||
| 3استادیار، گروه مرتع و آبخیزداری، دانشکده منابع طبیعی، دانشگاه صنعتی اصفهان، اصفهان، ایران | ||
| 4دانشیار، دانشکده منابع طبیعی و علوم زمین، دانشگاه شهرکرد، ایران | ||
| چکیده | ||
| آتشسوزی بههمراه چرای دام، دو عامل مهم در تعیین ساختار و ترکیب گونهای جوامع گیاهی به ویژه در مراتع خشک و نیمه خشک میباشند. این مطالعه با هدف بررسی اثر آتشسوزی و چرای دام بر خصوصیات بانک بذر خاک شامل تراکم، تنوع و غنای گونهای در مراتع نیمهاستپی زاگرس مرکزی انجام شد. نمونهبرداری به روش تصادفی طبقهبندی شده و در 12 سایت با سابقه آتشسوزی یک و پنج ساله انجام گرفت که تحت چرای سبک و سنگین قرار داشتند. نمونه های خاک در فصل پاییز و از دو عمق 5-0 و 10-5 سانتیمتری به وسیله آگر برداشت شد و به گلخانه منتقل گردید و در بستر مناسب کشت داده شد. به مدت 6 ماه تمامی بذور جوانه زده در گلخانه شناسایی و شمارش شدند. نتایج این تحقیق نشان داد که در آتشسوزی یکساله و تحت شرایط چرای سبک و سنگین، آتشسوزی باعث کاهش معنیدار تراکم، غنا و تنوع گونهای بانک بذر خاک میشود. در آتشسوزی 5 ساله و تحت شرایط چرای سبک، غنای گونهای و تنوع نسبت به منطقه شاهد افزایش معنیداری پیدا میکند. همچنین نتایج نشان داد که آتشسوزی و چرا هیچگونه اثر معنیداری بر بانک بذر لایه زیرین خاک ندارند و این موضوع بیانگر نقش عمق خاک در کاهش تأثیر آتش و چرا میباشد. به طور کلی نتیجهگیری میشود که مدیریت چرا پس از وقوع آتشسوزی در این مناطق، نقش مهمی در احیا پوششگیاهی از طریق بانک بذر خاک دارد. | ||
| کلیدواژهها | ||
| بانک بذر خاک؛ آتشسوزی؛ چرای دام؛ پوششگیاهی؛ تنوع | ||
| عنوان مقاله [English] | ||
| The effect of fire and grazing on density, diversity and richness of soil seed bank in Semi-Steppe rangelands of Central Zagros region, Iran | ||
| نویسندگان [English] | ||
| Ali Asghar Naghipour borj1؛ Jamaladdin Khaeddin2؛ Hosein Bashari3؛ Majid iravani3؛ Pejman Tahmasebi4 | ||
| چکیده [English] | ||
| The structure and composition of plant communities are mainly affected by fire and grazing, especially in arid and semiarid rangelands. This study aimed to investigate the role of fire and grazing on soil seed bank characteristics (density, diversity and species richness) in semi-steppe rangelands of Central Zagros. A stratified random sampling was used to collect the data from 12 sites with one and five years after the last fire, and with long term light and heavy grazing history. Soil samples were collected in the autumn by auger from 0-5 and 5-10 cm from the soil surface, and the samples were cultivated in the greenhouse. All the germinated seeds were identified and counted for a 6-month period. The results showed that the one year after fire treatment under both light and heavy grazing resulted to a significant decrease in density, richness, and diversity of the soil seed bank. The richness and diversity of soil seed bank in the five-year after fire treatment and under light grazing pressure increased significantly compared to its control site. According to the results, the soil seed bank in 5 to 10 cm from the soil surface did not vary statistically under fire and grazing pressure, indicating the role of soil depth in reducing the impact of fire and grazing. Overall, it can be concluded that the grazing management after a fire event has a key role in vegetation restoration through its effects on the soil seed bank. | ||
| کلیدواژهها [English] | ||
| Soil seed bank, fire, Grazing, vegetation, diversity | ||
| مراجع | ||
|
-Abbasi Moselou, H., Ghorbani, G., Safaian, N.A. and Tamartash, R., 2010. Effect of fire on vegetation upon the soil seed bank in Bamo national park of Shiraz. Rangeland, 3(4): 623-640. -Bertiller, M. and Ares, J., 2011. Does sheep selectivity along grazing paths negatively affect biological crusts and soil seed banks in arid shrublands? A case study in the Patagonian Monte, Argentina. Journal of Environmental Management, 92(8): 2091-2096. -Bisigato, A. and Bertiller, M., 2004. Temporal and micro-spatial patterning of seedling establishment. Consequences for patch dynamics in the southern Monte, Argentina. Plant Ecology, 174(2): 235-246. -Busso, C. A. and Bonvissuto, G. L., (2009). Soil seed bank in and between vegetation patches in arid Patagonia, Argentina. Environmental and Experimental Botany, 67(1): 188-195. -Demel, T., 1998. Soil seed bank at an abandoned Afromontane arable site. Feddes Repertorium, 109: 161-174. -Erfanzadeh, R. and Hosseini Kahnuj, S.H., 2011. The effect of grazing and successional stages on seed bank density and similarity between seed bank and above ground vegetation. Rangeland, 5(2): 155-162. -Erfanzadeh, R., Hosseini Kahnuj, S.H. and Dianati Tilaki, G.A., 2012. Comparison of soil seed bank characteristics between grazed and ungrazed areas in two different depths. Arid Biome Scientific and Research Journal, 1(4): 64-74. -Esposito, A., Strumia, S., Caporaso, S. and Mazzoleni, S., 2006. The effect of fire intensity on soil seed bank in Mediterranean macchia. Forest Ecology and Management, 234, Supplement: S207. -Esque, T. C., Young, J. A. and Tracy, C. R., 2010. Short-term effects of experimental fires on a Mojave Desert seed bank. Journal of Arid Environments, 74(10): 1302-1308. -Fattahi, B. and Tahmasebi, A., 2010. Fire influence on vegetation changes of Zagros mountainous rangelands (Case study: Hamadan province). Rangeland, 4(2): 228-239. -Gonzalez, S., and Ghermandi, L., 2012. Fire cue effects on seed germination of six species of northwestern Patagonian grasslands. Natural Hazards and Earth System Science, 12(9): 2753-2758. -Guevara, J., Stasi, C., Wuilloud, C. and Estevez, O., 1999. Effects of fire on rangeland vegetation in south-western Mendoza plains (Argentina): composition, frequency, biomass, productivity and carrying capacity. Journal of Arid Environments, 41(1): 27-35. -Kamali, P., Erfanzadeh, R. and Ghelichnia, H., 2014. The effect of grazing on density, diversity and richness of soil seed bank in mountainous rangelands (case study: Waz watershed, Mazanderan province). Journal of Range and Watershed Management, 66 (4): 583-593. -Kent, M., 2011. Vegetation description and data analysis: a practical approach. John Wiley & Sons. Kinloch, J., and Friedel, M., 2005. Soil seed reserves in arid grazing lands of central Australia. Part 1: seed bank and vegetation dynamics. Journal of Arid Environments, 60(1): 133-161. -Leck, M. A., 2012. Ecology of soil seed banks. Elsevier. -Levene, H., 1960. In Contributions to Probability and Statistics: Essays in Honor of Harold Hotelling, Stanford University Press. -Lilliefors, H. W. 1967. On the Kolmogorov-Smirnov test for normality with mean and variance unknown. Journal of the American Statistical Association, 62: 399-402. -Maia, P., Pausas, J. G., Arcenegui, V., Guerrero, C., Pérez-Bejarano, A., Mataix-Solera, J., Varela, M. E.T., Fernandes, I., Pedrosa, E. T. and Keizer, J. J., 2012. Wildfire effects on the soil seed bank of a maritime pine stand — The importance of fire severity. Geoderma, 191: 80-88. -Moghadam, M. R., 2001. Range and Range Management in Iran, 2th edition. Tehran University, Iran, 452p. -Naghipour, A. A., Bashari, H., Khajeddin, S. J., Tahmasebi, P. and Iravani, M., 2016. Effects of smoke, ash and heat shock on seed germination of seven species from Central Zagros rangelands in the semi-arid region of Iran. African Journal of Range & Forage Science, 33(1): 67-71. -Naghipour Borj, A., Khajeddin, S., Bashari, H., Tahmasebi, P. and Iravani M., 2014. Effects of fire products on the seed germination of the three dominant species from Astragalus genus in semi-steppe rangelands of Central Zagros, Iran. Iranian Journal of Applied Ecology, 3 (9): 71-80. -Noy‐Meir, I., 1995. Interactive effects of fire and grazing on structure and diversity of Mediterranean grasslands. Journal of Vegetation Science, 6(5): 701-710. -Saatkamp, A., Poschlod, P. and Venable, D. L., 2014. The Functional Role of Soil Seed Banks in Natural Communities: 263-295. In: Fenner, M., (Eds.). Seeds: The Ecology of Regeneration in Plant Communities. 3th Edition, Publishing, USA, 389p. -Sadeghipour, A. and Kamali, P., 2013. Soil seed bank of the Atriplex canescens cultivated area under different grazing intensities (Case study: Shahryar, Iran). Rangeland, 6(4): 330-339. -Shokri, M., Safaian N. A. and Atrakchali, A., 2002. Investigation of the effects of fire on vegetation variations in Takhti Yeylagh-Golestan National Park. Iranian Journal of Natural Resources, 55(2): 273-281. -Simpson, R., Leck, M. A. and Parker, V., 1989. Seed banks: general concepts and methodological issues. In: Leck, M.A., Parker, V.T., and Simpson, R.L., (Eds.). Ecology of soil seed banks. Academic Press, New York, 462p. -Sternberg, M., Gutman, M., Perevolotsky, A. and Kigel, J., 2003. Effects of grazing on soil seed bank dynamics: an approach with functional groups. Journal of Vegetation Science, 14(3): 375-386. Tahmasebi, P., Shirmardi, H., Khedri, H. A. and Ebrahimi, A. A., 2011. Cyclical pattern of succession in semi-steppe rangeland: interactive effect of grazing and fire. Journal of Range and Watershed Management, 64 (2): 187-198. -Thompson, K., 2000. The functional ecology of soil seed banks. Seeds: 215-235. In: Fenner, M., (Eds.). The ecology of regeneration in plant communities, Cabi Publishing, USA, 389p. -Whelan, R. J., 1995. The ecology of fire. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge. -Wolters, M. and Bakker, J. P., 2002. Soil seed bank and driftline composition along a successional gradient on a temperate salt marsh. Applied Vegetation Science 5(1): 55-62. -Zhang, H. and Chu, L. M., 2013. Changes in soil seed bank composition during early succession of rehabilitated quarries. Ecological Engineering, 55: 43-50.
| ||
|
آمار تعداد مشاهده مقاله: 1,282 تعداد دریافت فایل اصل مقاله: 722 |
||