| تعداد نشریات | 282 |
| تعداد نشریات سازمان | 80 |
| تعداد شمارهها | 3,168 |
| تعداد مقالات | 35,197 |
| تعداد مشاهده مقاله | 50,932,387 |
| تعداد دریافت فایل اصل مقاله | 90,937,843 |
بررسی اثر عوامل مختلف محیطی بر جوانه¬زنی بذر بادبُر(Ceratocarpus arenarius | ||
| دانش علفهای هرز ایران | ||
| مقاله 6، دوره 7، شماره 1، شهریور 1390، صفحه 45-59 اصل مقاله (287.37 K) | ||
| نوع مقاله: مقاله پژوهشی | ||
| نویسندگان | ||
| اسماعیل ابراهیمی؛ سید وحید اسلامی؛ مجید جامی الاحمدی؛ سهراب محمودی | ||
| دانشگاه بیرجند | ||
| چکیده | ||
| بادبُر یکی از علفهایهرز سمج در دیمزارهای گندم، جو، عدس و نخود شمال خراسان است. به منظور شناخت تیمارهای موثر در شکستن خواب و تعیین اثرات نور، دما و pH بر قابلیت جوانهزنی این علفهرز، آزمایشاتی در قالب طرح کاملاً تصادفی با سه تکرار در آزمایشگاه تحقیقاتی دانشکدهی کشاورزی دانشگاه بیرجند در سال 1388 انجام گرفت. نتایج نشان داد که به جز تیمار حذف پوستۀ بذر (پریکارپ) با دست و اسیدسولفوریک 96% سایر تیمارها تأثیر قابل ملاحظهای در شکستن خواب بذر علفهرز بادبر نداشتند، که مؤید این نکته است که پوستهی بذر (پریکارپ)، مکانیسم اولیهی خواب بذر این علفهرز میباشد. بذر بادبر در شرایط روشنایی/تاریکی و تاریکی مداوم، جوانهزنی یکسانی داشتند که نشانگر غیرفتوبلاستیک بودن این گونه است. بذر بادبر در دامنه دماهای متناوب شب/روز تست شده (5/10، 10/20، 15/25، 20/30 و 25/35 درجه سانتیگراد) بیش از 35% جوانه زدند و حداکثر جوانهزنی (6/96 درصد) در دمای متناوب 15/25 درجه سانتیگراد مشاهده شد. جوانهزنی بذر بادبر در دامنه اسیدیته چهار تا ده بطور متوسط حدود 80% بود. بیشترین جوانهزنی (6/96%) در pH هشت و کمترین جوانهزنی (45%) در pH چهار رخ داد. اطلاعات این مطالعه برای بهبود برنامههای مدیریتی این گونه علفهرز مفید خواهد بود. | ||
| کلیدواژهها | ||
| بادبُر؛ خواب بذر؛ جوانه¬زنی؛ دماهای متناوب؛ اسیدیته | ||
| عنوان مقاله [English] | ||
| Studying the Effect of Different Environmental Factors on Germination of (Ceratocarpus arenarius L. Bluk) Seed. | ||
| نویسندگان [English] | ||
| esmail Ebrahimi؛ vahid eslami؛ majed Jami Ahmadi؛ sohrab mohmoodi | ||
| چکیده [English] | ||
| Ceratocarpus arenarius is one of the problematic and noxious weeds in dryland farming of wheat, barley, lentil and peas in North Khorasan. In order to identify the effective treatments in dormancy breaking and determine the effects of light, temperature and pH on germination of this species, experiments based on CRD with 3 replications were conducted in the Research Laboratory of Birjand Faculty of Agriculture during 2009. Results showed that, all treatments except pericarp removal by hand and sulfuric acid (96%) had no considerable effect on dormancy breaking, indicating that the pericarp is responsible for Ceratocarpus seed dormancy. Ceratocarpus seed had identical germination in either light/dark or continuous dark regimes, indicating this weed species is non-photoblastic. Ceratocarpus seed germinated over 35% in the range of alternating day/night tested temperatures (10/5, 20/10, 25/15, 30/20 and 35/25ºC) and the maximum germination (96.6%) was observed at 25/15ºC. Ceratocarpus average germination percentage was about 80% over a pH range of 4 to 10. The maximum and minimum germination occurred at pH 8 (96.6%) and pH 4 (45%), respectively. The information of this study would be useful for the improvement of this weed species management programs. | ||
| کلیدواژهها [English] | ||
| Ceratocarpus, Seed Dormancy, Germination, alternating temperature, acidity | ||
| مراجع | ||
|
Arnon, D. I. and Johnson, C. M. 1942. Influence of hydrogen ion concentrations on the growth of higher plants under controlled conditions. Plant Physiol. 17: 525–539. Assadi, M. 2001. Flora of Iran (Chenopodiaceae). Research Institute of Forests and Rangelands, No. 38. Pp568. (In Persian with English summary). Baskin, J. M. and Baskin, C. C. 1985. The annual dormancy cycle in buried weed seeds: A continuum. BioSci. 35: 492-498. Benech-Arnold, R. L., Sanchez, R. A., Forcella, F., Kruk, B. and Ghersa, C. M. 2000. Environmental control of dormancy in weed seed banks in soil. Field Crops Res. 67: 105-122. Bewley, J. D. 1997. Seed germination and dormancy. Plant Cell. 9: 1055-1066. Bewley, J. D. and Black, M. 1994. Seeds: Physiology of development and germination. 2nd ed. New York: Plennum. Pp. 273-290. Buhler, D. D. 1997. Effects of tillage light environment on emergence of 13 annual weeds. Weed Technol. 11: 496-501. Chachalis, D. and Ready, K. N. 2000. Factors affecting Campsis radicans seed germination and seedling emergence. Weed Sci. 48: 212-216. Chauhan, B. S. and Johnson, D. E. 2008. Seed germination and seedling emergence of giant sensitive plant (Mimosa invisa). Weed Sci. 56: 244-248. Chauhan, B. S., Gill, G. and Preston, C. 2006. Factors affecting turnipweed (Rapistrum rugosum) seed germination in Southern Australis. Weed Sci. 54: 1032-1036. Ebrahimi, E., Eslami, S. V. and Moayedi-Shahraki, E. 2010a. Studying the ecology of seed germination and seedling emergence of Rumex crispus L and Silene conoidea L. Iranian J Weed Sci. 61: 19-31 (In Persian with English summary). Ebrahimi, E., Eslami, S. V., Mahmoodi, S. and Jami Al-Ahmadi, M. 2010(b). Effect of environmental factors on germination, emergence and growth characteristics of Ceratocarpus arenarius L. MSc thesis, Birjand University, Birjand, Iran. (In Persian with English summary). Egley, G. H. and Duke, S. O. 1985. Physiology of weed seed dormancy and germination . Pp. 27-64. In Duke, S. O. (eds.), Weed Physiology. Volume I. Reproduction and Ecophysiology. Boca Raton, FL. CRC. Fowler, J. L., Hageman, J. H., Moore, K. J., Suzukida, M. and Assadian, H. 1988. Evalution of salinity tolerance of Russian-thistle, a potential forage crop. Agron J. 80: 250-258. Hock, S. M., Knezevic, S. Z., Petersen, C. L., Eastin, J. and Martin, A. R. 2006. Germination techniques for common lambsquarters (Chenopodium album) and pennsylvania smartweed (Polygonum pensylvanicum). Weed Technol. 20: 530-534. Huang, Z., Zhang, X., Zhenge, G. and Gutterman, Y. 2003. Influence of light, temperature, salinity and storage on seed germination of Haloxylon ammodendron. Journal Arid Env. 55: 453-464. Kelly, K. M., Staden, J. Van. and Bell, W. E. 1992. Seed coat structure and dormancy. Plant Growth Reg. 11: 201-209. Khan, M. A, Rizvi, Y. 1994. Effect of salinity, temperature, and growth regulators on the germination and early seedling growth of Atriplex griffithii var. stocksii. Can. J. Bot. 72: 475-479. Khan, M. A. and Ungar, I. A. 1997. Effects of light, salinity, and thermoperiod on the seed germination of halophytes. Can. J Bot. 75: 835-841. Koger, C. H., Reddy, K. N. and Poston, D. H. 2004. Factors affecting seed germination, seedling emergence, and survival of texasweed (Caperonia palustris).Weed Sci. 52: 989-995. Korres, N. E. 2005. Encyclopaedic dictionary of weed science: Theory and digest. Paris: Lavoisier. 724 p. Lacey, M. J. and Line, M. A. 1994. Influence of soil pH on the germination and survival of regnans F. Muell. in southern Tasmania. Australian Forestry. Vol. 57, No. 3, pp. 105-108. Larcher, L. 2000. Ecofisiologia vegetal. Sao Carlos: RiMa. pp. 531. Martinez-Ghersa, M. A., Satorre, E. H. and. Chersa, C. M. 1997. Effect of soil water content and temperature on dormancy breaking and germination of three weeds. Weed Sci. 45: 791-797. Mayer, A. M. and Poljakoff-Mayber, A. 1989. The germination of seeds. 4th edition. Pergaman Press, Oxford. 270p. Milberg, P. 1994. Annales dark dormancy cycle in buried seeds of Lychnis flos-cuculi. Ann Botanic Fennici. 31: 163-167. Milberg, P., Andersson, L. and. Noronha, A. 1996. Seed germination after short-duration light exposure: Implications for the photo-control of weeds. J. of Applied Ecol. 33: 1469-1478. Milberg, P., Anderson, L. and Thompson, K. 2000. Large-seeded species are less dependent on light for germination than small-seeded ones. Seed Sci Res. 10: 99-104. Niazi, M. 2003. Evaluation of some dormancy terminating and germination methods in some weed seeds. MSc Thesis Shiraz university. Shiraz, Iran. (Abstract). (In Persian with English summary). Okuzanya, O. T. 1980. Germination and growth of Celosia cristata L., under light and temperature regimes. American J. of Botany. 67: 854-858. Roberts, E. H. 1981. The interaction of environmental factors controlling loss of dormancy in seeds. Ann of Applied Biol. 98: 552-555. Schmidt, L. 2000. Germination and seedling establishment. Extract from, Guide to Handing of Tropicall and Subtropical Forest Seed. Pp. 24. Schutz, W., Milberg, P. and Lamont, B. B. 2002. Seed dormancy, after-ripening and light requirements of four annual Asteraceae in South-western Australia. Ann Botany. 90: 707-714. Seeber, G. 1976. Nursery techniques. In: Manual of reforestation and erosion control for the Philippines (Weidelt, H.J, comp.). 229-389. GTZ, Eschborn. Tang, D. S., Hamayun, M., Ko, Y. M., Zhang, Y. P., Kang, S. M. and Lee, I. J. 2008. Role of red light temperature, stratification and nitrogen in breaking seed dormancy of Chenopodium album L. J. Crop. Sci. Biotec. 11: 199-204. Taylor, G. B. 2005. Hardseededness in Mediterranean annual pasture legumes in Australia. Aust. J. Agric. Res. 56:645-661. Taylorson, R. B. 1987. Environmental and chemical manipulation of weed seed dormancy. Rev. of Weed Sci. 3: 135-154. Werker, E. 1981. Seed dormancy as explained by the anatomy of embryo envelopes. Israil J. Bot. 29: 22-44. | ||
|
آمار تعداد مشاهده مقاله: 2,626 تعداد دریافت فایل اصل مقاله: 1,362 |
||