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رزیابی اثر نهاده های آلی در تولید بذر زیستی (ارگانیک) گیاه دارویی همیشه بهار (Calendula officinalis L.) | ||
| علوم و فناوری بذر ایران | ||
| مقاله 7، دوره 4، شماره 2 - شماره پیاپی 8، مهر 1394، صفحه 81-96 اصل مقاله (411.83 K) | ||
| نوع مقاله: مقاله پژوهشی | ||
| نویسندگان | ||
| لیلا تبریزی* 1؛ علیرضا کوچکی2 | ||
| 1استادیار گروه مهندسی علوم باغبانی و فضای سبز، دانشکده علوم و مهندسی کشاورزی، پردیس کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی دانشگاه تهران، | ||
| 2استاد گروه زراعت،دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه فردوسی مشهد | ||
| چکیده | ||
| بهمنظور بررسی عملکرد و خصوصیات کیفی بذر گیاه دارویی همیشه بهار (.L officinalis Calendula (تحت شرایط تغذیه ارگانیک، بذور حاصل از کاربرد نهادههای آلی مختلف (دو سطح بسترکشت کود گاوی (به میزان 20 تن در هکتار و بدون مصرف کود دامی) و چهار سطح مایه تلقیح باکتریهای تثبیتکنندة نیتروژن (chroococcum Azotobacter/brasilense Azospirillum ،(حلکنندة فسفات نامحلول (fluorescens Pseudomonas ،(مخلوط باکتریهای تثبیتکنندة نیتروژن وحلکنندة فسفات و عدم کاربرد باکتری) در یک آزمایش مزرعهای، بر اساس آزمایشی بهصورت فاکتوریل در قالب طرح کاملاً تصادفی با چهار تکرار در آزمایشگاه گیاهان دارویی گروه مهندسی علوم باغبانی و فضای سبز، پردیس کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی دانشگاه تهران در دو سال 1389 و 1390 ارزیابی شدند. عملکرد بذر و وزن هزار دانه، ابعاد بذر و خصوصیات کیفی جوانهزنی بذر شامل درصد، سرعت، یکنواختی و زمان رسیدن به 95 درصد جوانهزنی بذر، طول و وزن خشک گیاهچه و شاخص بنیه بذر ارزیابی شدند. بر اساس نتایج موجود، اثر متقابل بستر کود دامی و باکتریهای محرک رشد گیاه بهطور معنی داری بیشترین وزن هزار دانه و عملکرد بذر را در طی دو سال آزمایش بهدنبال داشت. تقریبا کلیه صفات مرتبط با ابعاد بذر در هر دو سال تحت تاثیر استفاده از کود دامی در بستر کشت و همچنین تلقیح با باکتریهای محرک رشد قرار گرفتند. استفاده از کود دامی، اثر معنی داری بر درصد جوانه زنی، طول گیاهچه و شاخص بنیه بذر (طی هر دو سال) داشت و همچنین کاربرد باکتریهای محرک رشد، درصد جوانهزنی، طول گیاهچه و شاخص بنیه بذر (طی هر دو سال) و یکنواختی و زمان رسیدن به 95 درصد جوانهزنی و وزن خشک گیاهچه (سال اول) را بهطور معنی داری تحت تاثیر قرار دادند. در مجموع، استفاده از بستر کود دامی و همچنین کاربرد باکتریهای محرک رشد نسبت به عدم کاربرد آنها، بیشترین میزان صفات مورد اندازه گیری را بههمراه داشت. | ||
| کلیدواژهها | ||
| جوانه زنی بذر؛ گیاه دارویی؛ بنیه بذر؛ کود آلی | ||
| عنوان مقاله [English] | ||
| Effect of organic inputs on organic seed production of pot marigold (Calendula officinalis L.) | ||
| چکیده [English] | ||
| In order to investigate the effect of organic fertilizers on yield and seed quality criteria of Calendula officinalisL., seeds of a field experiment under application of two levels of cattle manure (without and with 20 t ha-1) and four levels of bacterial inoculant (containing N-fixing bacteria, P solubilizerbacteria, mixture of bacteria and control) were evaluated for seed quality criteria in a factorial experiment based on completely randomized design with four replications in Medicinal Plant Laboratory of Department of Horticultural Sciences and Landscape, University of Tehran in 2010 and 2011. Then, 1000 seed weight, seed yield and dimension and seed germination quality criteria such as seed germination percentage, rate and uniformity, time to 95% germination, seedling weight and length and seed vigour index were investigated. Results indicated that interaction effect of manure and bacterial inoculant caused significantly the highest 1000 seed weight and seed yield in both years. Nearly, all criteria related to seed dimension affected by cow manure and also bacterial inoculants in both years. Also, application of cow manure significantly affected seed germination percentage, seedling length and seed vigour index (both years) and inoculation of seed by plant growth promotion bacteria showed significant effects on seed germination percentage, seedling length and seed vigour index (both years) and seed germination uniformity, time to 95% germination and seedling weight (first year). In general, using cattle manure and also plant growth promotion bacteria resulted in the highest amount of all measured criteria compared to non application of manure and bacterial inoculants. | ||
| کلیدواژهها [English] | ||
| medicinal plant, Seed germination, seed vigour, Organic fertilizer | ||
| مراجع | ||
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