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تأثیر باکتری‌های تثبیت‌کننده نیتروژن و کود دامی بر عملکرد دانه و اسانس گیاه دارویی سیاهدانه (Nigella sativa L.) | ||
| تحقیقات گیاهان دارویی و معطر ایران | ||
| مقاله 15، دوره 32، شماره 4 - شماره پیاپی 78، آبان 1395، صفحه 716-727 اصل مقاله (261.71 K) | ||
| نوع مقاله: مقاله پژوهشی | ||
| شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.22092/ijmapr.2016.107142 | ||
| نویسندگان | ||
| فرشته قانع‌پسند1؛ محمدرضا حاج سید هادی* 2 | ||
| 1دانش‌آموخته کارشناسی ارشد، گروه زراعت، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، واحد رودهن، ایران | ||
| 2دانشیار، گروه زراعت، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، واحد رودهن، ایران | ||
| چکیده | ||
| به‌منظور بررسی تأثیر کودهای زیستی تأمین‌کننده نیتروژن و کود دامی بر عملکرد و اسانس گیاه دارویی سیاهدانه (Nigella sativa L.)، آزمایشی به‌صورت فاکتوریل در قالب طرح پایه بلوک‌های کامل تصادفی با سه تکرار در مزرعه تحقیقاتی شرکت کشاورزی ران در منطقه فیروزکوه در سال زراعی 1391 اجرا شد. فاکتورهای آزمایش شامل کود دامی در چهار سطح (عدم مصرف، 5/2، 5 و 5/7 تن در هکتار) و باکتری‌های تثبیت‌کننده نیتروژن در چهار سطح (عدم تلقیح، تلقیح با ازتوباکتر، تلقیح با آزوسپیریلوم و تلقیح توأم با ازتوباکتر و آزوسپیریلوم) بودند. نتایج حاصل از این پژوهش نشان داد که بیشترین ارتفاع بوته (8/47 سانتی‌متر)، درصد اسانس در دانه (14/0%) و عملکرد اسانس (31/768 گرم در هکتار) در کاربرد 5/7 تن کود دامی در هکتار بدست آمد، در حالی‌که بیشترین عملکرد زیستی (16/1829 کیلوگرم در هکتار) و عملکرد دانه (22/556 کیلوگرم در هکتار) از تیمار پنج تن کود دامی در هکتار حاصل شد. کمترین میزان صفات مورد بررسی از تیمار شاهد یا عدم مصرف کود دامی بدست آمد. بیشتر صفات تحت تأثیر مثبت و معنی‌دار تلقیح بذر با باکتری‌های ازتوباکتر و آزوسپیریلوم قرار گرفتند. بیشترین ارتفاع (61/49 سانتی‌متر)، عملکرد دانه (41/553 کیلوگرم در هکتار)، شاخص برداشت (71/37%)، عملکرد زیستی (21/1697 کیلوگرم در هکتار) و عملکرد اسانس (09/664 گرم در هکتار) از تلقیح توأم بذر با ازتوباکتر و آزوسپیریلوم بدست آمد. کمترین مقادیر نیز از تیمار شاهد یا عدم تلقیح بذر با باکتری‌های تثبیت‌کننده نیتروژن بدست آمد. | ||
| کلیدواژه‌ها | ||
| سیاهدانه (Nigella sativa L.)؛ ازتوباکتر؛ آزوسپیریلوم؛ عملکرد؛ اسانس | ||
| عنوان مقاله [English] | ||
| Effects of nitrogen fixing bacteria and manure application on seed yield and essential oil content of black cumin (Nigella sativa L.) | ||
| نویسندگان [English] | ||
| F. Ghanepasand1؛ M.R. Haj Seyed Hadi2 | ||
| 1MSc. of Agronomy, Department of Agronomy, Faculty of Agriculture, Islamic Azad University, Roudehen Branch, Roudehen, Iran | ||
| 2Department of Agronomy, Faculty of Agriculture, Islamic Azad University, Ropudehen Branch, Roudehen, Iran | ||
| چکیده [English] | ||
| In order to assess the effects of nitrogen fixing bacteria and manure application on yield and essential oil of black cumin (Nigella sativa L.), an experiment was carried out at the RAN Research Station in Firouzkouh in 2012. The study was conducted in a 4×4 factorial experiment, arranged in a randomized complete blocks design with three replications. The treatments consisted of 4 levels of manure (0, 2.5, 5 and 7.5 ton ha-1) and 4 levels of fixing bacteria (Control, Azotobacter, Azospirillum and Azotobacter + Azospirillum). The present results showed that the highest height (48.7 cm), essential oil percentage (0.14 %) and essential oil yield (768.31 g ha-1) were obtained after using 7.5 ton manure ha-1. While, the highest biological yield (1829.16 kg ha-1) and seed yield (556.22 kg ha-1) were obtained by 5 ton manure ha-1. Results of this investigation showed that the maximum plant height (49.61 cm), seed yield (553.41 kg ha-1), harvest index (37.71 %), biological yield (1697.21 kg ha-1) and essential oil yield (664.09 g ha-1) were obtained when Aotobacter+Azospirillum was inoculated with black cumin seeds simultaneously. Combined application of nitrogen fixing bacteria and manure could be helpful in developing of production and yield in Nigella sativa L. | ||
| کلیدواژه‌ها [English] | ||
| black cumin (Nigella sativa L.), Azotobacter, Azospirillum, yield, essential oil | ||
| مراجع | ||
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