| تعداد نشریات | 286 |
| تعداد نشریات سازمان | 84 |
| تعداد شماره‌ها | 3,030 |
| تعداد مقالات | 33,889 |
| تعداد مشاهده مقاله | 45,268,974 |
| تعداد دریافت فایل اصل مقاله | 61,271,248 |
تأثیر باکتری‌های تثبیت‌کننده نیتروژن و کود دامی بر عملکرد دانه و اسانس گیاه دارویی سیاهدانه (Nigella sativa L.) | ||
| تحقیقات گیاهان دارویی و معطر ایران | ||
| مقاله 15، دوره 32، شماره 4 - شماره پیاپی 78، آبان 1395، صفحه 716-727 اصل مقاله (261.71 K) | ||
| نوع مقاله: مقاله پژوهشی | ||
| شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.22092/ijmapr.2016.107142 | ||
| نویسندگان | ||
| فرشته قانع‌پسند1؛ محمدرضا حاج سید هادی* 2 | ||
| 1دانش‌آموخته کارشناسی ارشد، گروه زراعت، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، واحد رودهن، ایران | ||
| 2دانشیار، گروه زراعت، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، واحد رودهن، ایران | ||
| چکیده | ||
| به‌منظور بررسی تأثیر کودهای زیستی تأمین‌کننده نیتروژن و کود دامی بر عملکرد و اسانس گیاه دارویی سیاهدانه (Nigella sativa L.)، آزمایشی به‌صورت فاکتوریل در قالب طرح پایه بلوک‌های کامل تصادفی با سه تکرار در مزرعه تحقیقاتی شرکت کشاورزی ران در منطقه فیروزکوه در سال زراعی 1391 اجرا شد. فاکتورهای آزمایش شامل کود دامی در چهار سطح (عدم مصرف، 5/2، 5 و 5/7 تن در هکتار) و باکتری‌های تثبیت‌کننده نیتروژن در چهار سطح (عدم تلقیح، تلقیح با ازتوباکتر، تلقیح با آزوسپیریلوم و تلقیح توأم با ازتوباکتر و آزوسپیریلوم) بودند. نتایج حاصل از این پژوهش نشان داد که بیشترین ارتفاع بوته (8/47 سانتی‌متر)، درصد اسانس در دانه (14/0%) و عملکرد اسانس (31/768 گرم در هکتار) در کاربرد 5/7 تن کود دامی در هکتار بدست آمد، در حالی‌که بیشترین عملکرد زیستی (16/1829 کیلوگرم در هکتار) و عملکرد دانه (22/556 کیلوگرم در هکتار) از تیمار پنج تن کود دامی در هکتار حاصل شد. کمترین میزان صفات مورد بررسی از تیمار شاهد یا عدم مصرف کود دامی بدست آمد. بیشتر صفات تحت تأثیر مثبت و معنی‌دار تلقیح بذر با باکتری‌های ازتوباکتر و آزوسپیریلوم قرار گرفتند. بیشترین ارتفاع (61/49 سانتی‌متر)، عملکرد دانه (41/553 کیلوگرم در هکتار)، شاخص برداشت (71/37%)، عملکرد زیستی (21/1697 کیلوگرم در هکتار) و عملکرد اسانس (09/664 گرم در هکتار) از تلقیح توأم بذر با ازتوباکتر و آزوسپیریلوم بدست آمد. کمترین مقادیر نیز از تیمار شاهد یا عدم تلقیح بذر با باکتری‌های تثبیت‌کننده نیتروژن بدست آمد. | ||
| کلیدواژه‌ها | ||
| سیاهدانه (Nigella sativa L.)؛ ازتوباکتر؛ آزوسپیریلوم؛ عملکرد؛ اسانس | ||
| عنوان مقاله [English] | ||
| Effects of nitrogen fixing bacteria and manure application on seed yield and essential oil content of black cumin (Nigella sativa L.) | ||
| نویسندگان [English] | ||
| F. Ghanepasand1؛ M.R. Haj Seyed Hadi2 | ||
| 1MSc. of Agronomy, Department of Agronomy, Faculty of Agriculture, Islamic Azad University, Roudehen Branch, Roudehen, Iran | ||
| 2Department of Agronomy, Faculty of Agriculture, Islamic Azad University, Ropudehen Branch, Roudehen, Iran | ||
| چکیده [English] | ||
| In order to assess the effects of nitrogen fixing bacteria and manure application on yield and essential oil of black cumin (Nigella sativa L.), an experiment was carried out at the RAN Research Station in Firouzkouh in 2012. The study was conducted in a 4×4 factorial experiment, arranged in a randomized complete blocks design with three replications. The treatments consisted of 4 levels of manure (0, 2.5, 5 and 7.5 ton ha-1) and 4 levels of fixing bacteria (Control, Azotobacter, Azospirillum and Azotobacter + Azospirillum). The present results showed that the highest height (48.7 cm), essential oil percentage (0.14 %) and essential oil yield (768.31 g ha-1) were obtained after using 7.5 ton manure ha-1. While, the highest biological yield (1829.16 kg ha-1) and seed yield (556.22 kg ha-1) were obtained by 5 ton manure ha-1. Results of this investigation showed that the maximum plant height (49.61 cm), seed yield (553.41 kg ha-1), harvest index (37.71 %), biological yield (1697.21 kg ha-1) and essential oil yield (664.09 g ha-1) were obtained when Aotobacter+Azospirillum was inoculated with black cumin seeds simultaneously. Combined application of nitrogen fixing bacteria and manure could be helpful in developing of production and yield in Nigella sativa L. | ||
| کلیدواژه‌ها [English] | ||
| black cumin (Nigella sativa L.), Azotobacter, Azospirillum, yield, essential oil | ||
| مراجع | ||
|
- Abdou, M.A.H., El Sayed, A.A., Badran, F.S. and El Deen, R.M.S., 2004. Effect of planting density and chemical and biofertilization on vegetative growth, yield and chemical composition of fennel (Foeniculum vulgare Miller): I-Effect of planting density and some chemical (Nofatrein) and biochemical (Biogen) fertilizers. Annals of Agricultural Science, 42(4): 1907-1922. - Ahmadian, A., Ghanbari, A. and Galavi, M., 2006. Effects of manure application on quantitative and qualitative yield and chemical indices of essence of cumin. Iranian Journal of Field Crop Research, 4(2): 207-206. - Ateia, E.M., Osman, Y.A.H. and Meawad, A.E.A.H., 2009. Effect of organic fertilization on yield and active constituents of Thymus vulgaris L. under North Sinai conditions. Research Journal of Agriculture and Biological Sciences, 5(4): 555-565. - Azzaz, N.N., Hassan, E. and Hamad, E.H., 2009. The chemical constituent and vegetative and yielding characteristics of fennel plants treated with organic and bio-fertilizer instead of mineral fertilizer. Australian Journal of Basic and Applied Sciences, 3(2): 579-587. - Badran, F.S. and Safwat, M.S., 2004. Response of fennel plants to organic manure and bio-fertilizers in replacement of chemical fertilization. Egyptian Jourmal of Agricultural Research, 82(2): 247-256. - Banchio, E., Xie, X., Zhang, H. and Pare, P.W., 2009. Soil bacteria elevate essential oil accumulation and emissions in sweet basil. Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry, 57(2): 653-657. - Bannayan, M., Nadjafi, F., Azizi, M., Tabrizia, L. and Rastgoo, M., 2008. Yield and seed quality of Plantago ovate and Nigella sativa under different irrigation treatments. Industrial Crops and Products, 27(1):11-16. - Bashan, Y. and Holguin, G., 1997. Azospirillum-plant relationships: environmental and physiological advances (1990-1996). Canadian Journal of Microbiology, 43: 103-121. - Bashan, Y. and Levanony H., 1990. Current status of Azospirillum inoculation technology: Azospirillum as a challenge for agriculture. Canadian Journal of Microbiology, 36: 591-607. - Biasi, L.A., Machado, E.M., Kowalski, A.P., Signor, D., Alves, M.A., Lima, F.I., Deschamps, C., Cocco, L.C. and Scheer, A.P., 2009. Organic fertilization in the production, yield and chemical composition of basil chemotype eugenol. Horticultura Brasileira, 27(1): 35-39. - Cacciari, I., Lippi, D., Pietrosanti, T. and Pietrosanti, W., 1989. Phytohormone-like substances produced by single and mixed diazotrophic cultures of Azospirillum and Arthrobacter. Plant and Soil, 115: 151-153. - Darzi, M.T., Ghalavand, A. and Rejali, F., 2008. Effects of mycorhuyza, vermicompost and phosphate biofertilizer on flowering, biological yield and root colonization in fennel. Iranian Journal of Agronomy, 10(1): 88-109. - Darzi, M.T., Haj Seyed Hadi, M.R. and Rejali, F., 2012. Effects of the application of vermicompost and nitrogen fixing bacteria on quantity and quality of the essential oil in dill (Anethum graveolens). Journal of Medicinal Plants Research, 6(21): 3793-3799. - Darzi, M.T. and Haj Seyed Hadi, M.R., 2012. Effects of organic manure and nitrogen fixing bacteria on some essential oil components of coriander (Coriandrum sativum). International Journal of Agriculture and Crop Sciences, 4(12): 787-792. - Elsen, T.V., 2000. Species diversity as a task for organic agriculture in Europe. Agriculture, Ecosystems and Environment, 77: 101-109. - Fallahi, J., Koocheki, A. and Rezvani Moghaddam, P., 2008. Effects of organic fertilizers on quantitative indices and chamazulen in chamomile (Matricaria chamomilla L.). Journal of Agricultural Research: Water, Soil and Plant in Agriculture, 8(1): 157-168. - Gaur, A.C., 2001. Effects of Azotobacterization in presence of fertilizer nitrogen in the yield of canola (Brassica napus L.): Field experiment. Indian Society of Soil Science, 41: 50-54. - Gharib, F.A., Moussa, L.A. and Massoud, O.N., 2008. Effect of compost and bio-fertilizer on growth, yield and essential oil of sweet majoram (Majorana hortensis) plant. International Journal of Agriculture and Biology, 10(4): 381-387. - Ghazi Manas, M., Banj Shafiee, S., Haj Seyed Hadi, M.R. and Darzi, M.T., 2013. Effects of vermicompost and nitrogen on quantitative and qualitative yeild of chamomile (Matricaria chamomilla L.). Iranian Journal of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants, 29(2): 269-280. - Ghilavizadeh, A., Darzi, M.T. and Haj Seyed Hadi, M.R., 2013. Effects of biofertilizer and plant density on essential oil content and yield traits of Ajowan (Carum copticum). Middle-East Journal of Scientific Research, 14(11): 1508-1512. - Haj Seyed Hadi, M.R., Darzi, M.T. and Ghandehari, Z., 2012. Effects of irrigation treatment and Azospirillum inoculation on yield and yield component of black cumin (Nigella sativa L.). Journal of Medicinal Plants Research, 6(30): 4553-4561. - Hosseinpour, M., Pirzad, A., Habibi, H. and Fotookian, M.H., 2011. Effects of nitrogen biofertilizer (Azotobacter) and plant density on yield and essential oil of anise. Journal of Agriculture and Sustainable Production, 21(2): 69-86. - Ishizuka, J., 1992. Trends in biological nitrogen fixation research and application. Plant and Soil, 11: 197-209. - Kader, M.A., Mian, M.H. and Hoque, M.S., 2002. Effects of azotobacter inoculant on the yield nitrotions uptake by wheat. Journal of Biological Science, 2(4): 250-261. - Kaplan, M., Kocabas, I., Sonmez, I. and Kalkan, H., 2009. The effects of different organic manure applications on the dry weight and the essential oil quantity of sage (Salvia fruticosa Mill.). Acta Horticulturae, 826: 147-152. - Kapoor, R., Giri, B. and Mukerji, K.G., 2004. Improved growth and essential oil yield and quality in (Foeniculum vulgar Mill.) on mycorrhizal inoculation supplemented with P-fertilizer. Bioresource Technology, 93: 307-311. - Khalid, K.A. and Shafei, A.M., 2005. Productivity of dill (Anethum graveolens L.) as influenced by different organic manure rates and sources. Arab Universities Journal of Agricultural Sciences, 13(3): 901-913. - Khorramdel, S., Koocheki, A., Nasiri Mahallati, M. and Ghorbani, R., 2010. Effects of biofertilizers on growth indices of black cumin (Nigella sativa L.). Iranian Journal of Field Crop Research, 8(5): 768-776. - Koocheki, A., Tabrizi, L. and Ghorbani, R., 2008. Evaluation of biofertilizers effects on growth characteristics, yield and qualitative characteristics of hyssop. Iranian Journal of Field Crop Research, 6(1): 127-137. - Koocheki, A, Tabrizi, L. and Ghorbani, R., 2009. Effect of biofertilizers on agronomic and quality criteria of Hyssop (Hyssopus officinalis).Iranian Journal of Agronomy Research, 6(1): 127-137. - Kothari, S.K., Marschner, H. and Romheld, V., 2005. Contribution of the VA mycorrhizal hyphae in acquisition of Phosphorus and Zinc by maize grown in a calcareous soil. Plant and Soil, 131(2): 177-185. - Lakshmanam, A., Govindarajan, K. and Kumar, K., 2005. Effect of seed treatment with native diazotrophs on the seedling parameters of Senna and Ashwagandha. Crop Research (Hisar), 30(1): 119-123. - Leithy, S., El-Meseiry, T.A. and Abdellah, E.F., 2006. Effect of biofertilizers, cell stabilizer and irrigation regime on Rosemary herbage oil yield and quality. Journal of Applied Science Research, 2(10): - Mahfouz, S.A. and Sharaf-Eldin, M.A., 2007. Effect of mineral vs. biofertilizer on growth, yield, and essential oil content of fennel (Foeniculum vulgare Mill.). International Agrophysics, 21(4): 361-366. - Makizadeh Tafti, M., Chaei Chi, M.R., Nasrohhahzadeh, S. and Khavazi, K., 2011. Evaluation of bio and chemical fertilizer effects on growth, yield and essential oil composition of dill. Journal of Agriculture and Sustainable Production, 21(4): 52-62. - Manaffee, W.F. and Kloepper, J.W., 1994. Application of plant growth promoting rhizobacteria in sustainable agriculture: 23-31. Paankburst, C.E., (Eds.). Soil Biota: Management in Sustainable Farming Systems. CSIRO Pubilication, 262p. - Martinez Toledo, M.V., Moreno, J., De la Rubia, T. and Gonzalez-Lopez, J., 1989. Root exudates of Zea mays and production of auxins, gibberellins and cytokinins by Azotobacter chroococcum. Plant and Soil 110: 149-152. - Migahed, H.A., Ahmed, A.E. and Abdel Ghany, B.F., 2004. Effect of different bacterial strains as biofertilizer agents on growth, production and oil of Apium graveolens under calcareous soil. Arab Universities Journal of Agricultural Science, 12(2): 511-525. - Moradi, R., Nasiri Mahallati, M., Rezvani Moghaddam, P., Lakzian, A. and Nejad Ali, A., 2011. The effect of application of organic and biological fertilizers on quantity and quality of essential oil in fennel (Foeniculum vulgare). Journal of Horticultural Science, 25(1): 25-33. - Nadjafi, F., 2006. Evaluation of ecological criteria of Nepeta binaludensis for adaptation under low inputs agroecosystems. Ph.D. Thesis in Crop Ecology, College of Agriculture, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Iran. - Omidi, H., Naghdibadi, H.A., Golzad, A., Torabi, H. and Fotookian, M.H., 2009. Effects of chemical and biological nitrogen fertilizers on quantitative and qualitative yield of saffron (Crocus sativus L.). Journal of Medicinal Plants, 9(30): 98-109. - Osman, Y.A.H., 2009. Comparative study of some agricultural treatments effects on plant growth, yield and chemical constituents of some fennel varieties under Sinai conditions. Research Journal of Agriculture and Biological Sciences, 5(4): 541-554. - Rajabi Kaboodcheshmeh, O., Ghorbani, S., Sam Daliri, M. and Sadeghi Shoja, M., 2013. Effect of application of biological fertilizers on essence and oil content of black cumin (Nigella sativa L.). Journal of Agronomy and Plant Breeding, 9(2): 15-23. - Rezvani Moghaddam, P., Seyedi S.M. and Azad, M., 2014. Effects of organic, chemical and biological sources of nitrogen on nitrogen use efficiency in black seed (Nigella sativa L.). Iranian Journal of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants, 30(2): 260-274. - Saeid Nejad, A.H. and Rezvani Moghaddam, P., 2010. Evaluation of biofertilizer and chemical fertilizer application on morphological traits, yield, yield components and essential oil percent in cumin (Cuminum cyminum). Journal of Horticultural Science, 24(1): 38-44. - Said-Al Ahl, H.A.H., Omer, E.A. and Naguib, N.Y., 2009. Effect of water stress and fertilizer on herb and essential oil of oregano. International Journal of Agrophysics, 23: 269-275. - Salehi, A., Fallah, S., Irani Pour, R. and Abbasi Souraki, A., 2014. Effects of time of chemical fertilizer application integrated with manure on growth, yield and yield components on black cumin (Nigella sativa L.). Journal of Agroecology, 6(3): 495-507. - Salem, A.G. and Awad, A.M., 2005. Response of coriander plants to organic and mineral fertilizers fertigated in sandy soils. Egyptian Journal of Agricultural Research, 83(2): 829-858. - Salmani Biari, A., Taheri, G., Ajam Norouzi, H., Safarzadeh, H. and Rayej, H., 2010. Study the effects of nitroxin and urea fertilizers on yield and yield components of wheat. 5th National congress of New Ideas in Agriculture, Iran, 16-17 February. - Santos, M.F., Mendonca, M.C., Carvalho Filho, J.L.S., Dantas, I.B., Silva-Mann, R. and Blank, A.F., 2009. Cattle manure and biofertilizer on the cultivation of lemon balm (Melissa officinalis L.). Revista Brasileira de Plantas Medicinais, 11(4): 355-359. - SAS, Inc., 2001. SAS Procedure guide. SAS Institute, Cary, NC. - Scheffer, M.C., Ronzelli Junior, P. and Koehler, H.S., 1993. Influence of organic fertilization on the biomass, yield and composition of the essential oil of Achillea millefolium L. Acta Horticulturae, 331: 109-114. - Shaalan, M.N., 2005. Influence of biofertilizers and chicken manure on growth, yield and seeds quality of (Nigella sativa L.) plants. Egyptian Journal of Agricultural Research, 83: 811-828. - Shabahang, J., Khorramdel, S., Siahmorgooei, A., Ghesm, R. and Jafari, L., 2014. Integrated application of manure and mycorhyza inoculation on growth characteristics, quantitative yield and essential oil of hyssop (Hyssopus officinialis L.) under Mashhad conditions. Journal of Agroecology, 6(2): 353-363. - Swaefy, M.F., Weaam, R.A., Sabh, A.Z. and Ragab, A.A., 2007. Effect of some chemical and biofertilizers on peppermint plants grown in sandy soil. Agricultural Science, 52(2):451- 463. - Tabrizi, L., 2004. Effects of water stress and manure on quantitative and qualitative characteristics of Plantago ovate and Plantago psyllium. M.Sc. Thesis, Deparment of Agronomy, University of Mashhad, Iran. - Tavakoli Saberi, M.R. and Sedaghat M.R., 2005. Medicinal Plants. Roozbahan Press, Tehran, 264p. - Valadabadi, S.A. and Farahani, H.A., 2011. Investigation of biofertilizers influence on quantity and quality characteristics in Nigella sativa L. Journal of Horticulture and Forestry, 3(3): 88-92. - Wu, S.C., Cao, Z.H., Li, Z.G., Cheung, K.C. and Wong, M.H., 2004. Effect of biofertilizer containing N- fixer, pand K Solubilizers and AM fungi on maize growth. Geoderma, 125: 155-166. - Yossef, A.A., Edris, A.E. and Gomaa, A.M., 2004. A comparative between some plan growth regulators and certain growth hormone, producing microorganisms on growth and essential oil composition of Salvia officinalis L. plant. Annals of Agricultural Science Cairo, 49(1): 229-311. | ||
|
آمار تعداد مشاهده مقاله: 861 تعداد دریافت فایل اصل مقاله: 752 |
||