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تأثیر عامل رویشگاهی جهت جغرافیایی بر کیفیت و کمّیت روغن بادام وامچک (Amygdalus arabica Olivier) (مطالعه موردی رویشگاه کره‌بس استان چهارمحال و بختیاری) | ||
| تحقیقات گیاهان دارویی و معطر ایران | ||
| مقاله 13، دوره 32، شماره 4 - شماره پیاپی 78، آبان 1395، صفحه 688-697 اصل مقاله (235.05 K) | ||
| نوع مقاله: مقاله پژوهشی | ||
| شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.22092/ijmapr.2016.107140 | ||
| نویسندگان | ||
| راضیه شریف‌پور* 1؛ علی جعفری2؛ حسن جهانبازی گوجانی3 | ||
| 1دانشجوی کارشناسی ارشد جنگل‌داری، دانشکده منابع طبیعی و علوم زمین، دانشگاه شهرکرد، ایران | ||
| 2استادیار، دانشکده منابع طبیعی و علوم زمین، دانشگاه شهرکرد، ایران | ||
| 3استادیار، مرکز تحقیقات کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی استان چهارمحال و بختیاری، سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی، شهرکرد، ایران | ||
| چکیده | ||
| باتوجه به نقش مهم مغز میوه‌های خشکباری در جلوگیری و کاهش بیماری‌های قلبی و سرطان و باتوجه به مصرف بالای آنها در کشورمان که برای تغذیه و سلامت انسان می‌تواند مفید باشد، در این پژوهش به بررسی درصد روغن و عناصر پرمصرف موجود در بادام وامچک (Amygdalus arabica Olivier) و تأثیر جهت جغرافیایی پرداخته شده‌است. این تحقیق در جنگل‌های منطقه کره‌بس استان چهارمحال و بختیاری انجام گردید و نمونه‌برداری از پایه‌های سالم و شاداب با بذردهی کافی در پنج طبقه قطر تاج شامل 2، 5/2، 3، 5/3 و 4 متر انجام شد. در هر طبقه قطری تعداد 5 اصله به‌صورت تصادفی از دو جهت اصلی شمالی و جنوبی به‌طور مجزا با ثبت موقعیت و وضعیت درختچه‌ها انتخاب شد. تمامی بذر تولیدی آنها جمع‌آوری و در کیسه‌های جداگانه به آزمایشگاه منتقل و در هر طبقه قطری 10 گرم مغز بادام پس از خرد کردن به‌روش سوکسله روغن‌گیری و بعد عناصر پرمصرف موجود در کنجاله و اسیدهای چرب روغن اندازه‌گیری شد. برای تجزیه‌و‌تحلیل داده‌ها از نرم‌افزارهای EXCEL و SAS استفاده شد. نتایج نشان داد که از نظر کمّیت، مقدار روغن در جهت جنوبی 76/15% و در جهت شمالی 84/14% بود و این اختلاف از نظر آماری معنی‌دار شد. همچنین، بیشینه و کمینه درصد روغن بذر به‌ترتیب متعلق به طبقه قطری 4 و 2 متر با میزان 94/18 و 94/10 بود. از نظر عناصر پرمصرف، عناصر پتاسیم، فسفر و نیتروژن در جهت جنوبی بیشترین مقدار را داشتند، در حالی که میزان عنصر کلسیم در جهت شمالی بیشینه مقدار خود را داشت. | ||
| کلیدواژه‌ها | ||
| بادام (Amygdalus arabica Olivier)؛ جهت جغرافیایی؛ کره‌بس؛ روغن؛ عناصر پرمصرف | ||
| عنوان مقاله [English] | ||
| Effects of aspect on age dependent quality and quantity of mountain almond (Amygdalus arabica Olivier) oil (case study: Karebas, Cheharmahal-va-Bakhtiary) | ||
| نویسندگان [English] | ||
| R. Sharifpoor1؛ A. Jafari2؛ H. Jhanbazi Gojani3 | ||
| 1Graduate Student, Faculty of Natural Resources and Geosciences, Forestry Shahrekord University, Shahrekord, Iran | ||
| 2Department of Forestry, Faculty of Natural Resources and Geosciences, Shahrekord University, Shahrekord, Iran | ||
| 3Chaharmahal and Bakhtiari Agricultural and Natural Resources Research Center, Agricultural Research Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), Shahrekord, Iran | ||
| چکیده [English] | ||
| Heart disease and cancer preventive effects of nut kernels are a well-known feature of the Persian diet. We hypothesized that the quality and quantity of mountain almond (Amygdalus Arabica Olivier) oil in Zagros forests changes as the mother tree locations varies on different aspects. In the current study, sampling was carried out on five healthy trees at each 5 different crown diameter classes from 0.5 to 4 meter were selected with 0.5-meter interval. The trees distribution was uniform over two distinct Northern and Southern aspects. For each tree, 10g nut kernel was sampled in laboratory. Macro elements and fatty acid contents were evaluated after a Soxhlet extraction on each kernel meal. Data were analyzed in Excel and SAS software package. The oil concentration was significantly higher in kernels coming from Southern slopes; in average, 15.76% against 14.84% of those from Northern slopes. The maximum (18.94%) and minimum (10.94%) oil contents were belonged to the trees with a crown diameter of 4 and 2, respectively. The highest potassium, phosphorus, and nitrogen contents were detected in kernels collected on Southern slopes. However, the highest content of calcium in kernels was obtained from Northern slopes. | ||
| کلیدواژه‌ها [English] | ||
| Almond tree (Amygdalus arabica Olivier), geographic aspects, Kare-Bass, Oil, macro elements | ||
| مراجع | ||
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