| تعداد نشریات | 287 |
| تعداد نشریات سازمان | 85 |
| تعداد شمارهها | 3,159 |
| تعداد مقالات | 35,108 |
| تعداد مشاهده مقاله | 50,527,915 |
| تعداد دریافت فایل اصل مقاله | 90,477,153 |
روشهای مناسب شکستن خواب بذر بارانک ایرانی (Sorbus persica Hedl.) | ||
| تحقیقات جنگل و صنوبر ایران | ||
| مقاله 12، دوره 23، شماره 4، دی 1394، صفحه 694-706 اصل مقاله (373.15 K) | ||
| نوع مقاله: علمی- پژوهشی | ||
| شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.22092/ijfpr.2015.106590 | ||
| نویسندگان | ||
| مسعود اسماعیلی شریف* 1؛ سیدمحمد حسینی نصر2؛ عباس قمری زارع3؛ مجید طالبی4 | ||
| 1دانشجوی دکتری، گروه جنگلداری و اقتصاد جنگل، دانشکده منابع طبیعی دانشگاه علوم کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی ساری | ||
| 2دانشیار، گروه جنگلداری و اقتصاد جنگل، دانشکده منابع طبیعی دانشگاه علوم کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی ساری | ||
| 3دانشیار پژوهش، مؤسسه تحقیقات جنگلها و مراتع کشور | ||
| 4دانشیار، گروه بیوتکنولوژی، دانشکده کشاورزی دانشگاه صنعتی اصفهان | ||
| چکیده | ||
| بارانک ایرانی (Sorbus persica Hedl.) یکی از گونههای ارزشمند درختچهای جنگلهای استان اصفهان (زاگرس مرکزی) است. پس از سپری شدن سرمای زمستان، سبزشدن بذرهای این درختچه در شرایط طبیعی آغاز میشود. عاملهای متعددی ازجمله مشکلات مربوط به جوانهزنی بذر و استقرار نهال، زادآوری گونههای مختلف را در عرصههای جنگلی تحت تأثیر قرار میدهد. در پژوهش پیشرو جوانهزنی بذر بارانک ایرانی برمبنای طرح کامل تصادفی شامل تیمارهای: چینه سرمایی، چینه گرمایی و سپس چینه سرمایی، جیبرلین، جیبرلین و سپس چینه سرمایی، بذر بدون پوسته و شاهد بررسی شد. بیشترین درصد جوانهزنی (97/5%) درتیمار چینه گرمایی (25 درجه سانتیگراد) بهمدت دو هفته و سپس چینه سرمایی (یک تا چهار درجه سانتیگراد) بهمدت چهار ماه بهدست آمد.موفقترین تیمار شکستن خواب بذر، از نوع چینه سرمایی بود. بنابراین بهنظر میرسد خواب بذر بارانک ایرانی از نوع خواب فیزیولوژیک باشد. با توجه به اینکه پیشتیمار پسرسی بعد از 120 روز در دمای یک تا چهار درجه سانتیگراد موجب برطرف شدن کامل خواب بذر شد، خواب فیزیولوژیکی بذر در گونه مورد مطالعه عمیق است. محتوای اولیه رطوبتی بذر 17/3% بود. کاهش رطوبت بذر تا 7% تأثیر معنیداری بر زندهمانی بذرها نداشت و قابلیت حیات بذر بعد از نگهداری بذرها بهمدت 600 روز در دمای منفی 20 درجه سانتیگراد حفظ شد، بنابراین بذر بارانک دارای رفتار بذرهای ارتدکس Orthodox است. درمجموع، استفاده از تیمارهای مناسب نشان داد که بذرهای این گونه از قوه نامیه زیادی برخوردار است. | ||
| کلیدواژهها | ||
| اصفهان؛ بذر ارتدکس؛ تترازولیم؛ جنگل؛ جوانه زنی؛ خواب فیزیولوژیک | ||
| عنوان مقاله [English] | ||
| Appropriate methods for breaking seed dormancy of Iranian mountain ash (Sorbus persica Hedl.) | ||
| نویسندگان [English] | ||
| Masoud Esmaeili Sharif1؛ Seyyed Mohammad Hosseini Nasr2؛ Abbas Ghamari Zare3؛ Majid Talebi4 | ||
| 1Ph.D. Student, Department of Forestry and Forest Economics, Faculty of Natural Resources, Sari Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources University | ||
| 2Associate Prof., Department of Forestry and Forest Economics, Faculty of Natural Resources, Sari Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources University | ||
| 3Associate Prof., Research Institute of Forests and Rangelands, Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization (AREEO) | ||
| 4Associate Prof., Biotechnology Department, College of Agriculture, Isfahan University of Technology | ||
| چکیده [English] | ||
| Iranian mountain ash (Sorbuspersica Hedl.) is a valuable shrub species which also frequently occurs in the stands located in Isfahan province in central Zagros. Mountainash seedling typically begins to germinate after winter. We investigated its seed germination by means of a completely randomized design with 15 treatments including the pre-chill, warm stratification then pre-chill, gibberellin, gibberellin then pre-chill, and control treatments, each in four replications. The highest germination rate (97.50%) was observed for two-week warm stratification (25°C) and the 4-month cold stratification (1-4°C) treatments. The success of cold stratification treatment suggests that Iranian mountain ash is associated with physiological dormancy. Since the pre-chilled treatment for 120 days at 1-4°C completely broke the seed dormancy, the seed dormancy was concluded to be substantially deep. Reducing the initial seed moisture content (17.3%) to 7% did not affect its survival. Moreover, seed viability was maintained following a 600-day storage at -20°C, suggesting an orthodox behavior of the seeds. In conclusion, the use of appropriate treatment resulted in a very high germination rate. | ||
| کلیدواژهها [English] | ||
| Isfahan, orthodox seed, Tetrazolium, germination, Physiological dormancy | ||
| مراجع | ||
|
- Anonymus, 1974. Seeds of Woody Plants in the United States. USDA, Forest Service, Washington, DC. Agri. Handbook No. 450, 883p. - Anonymus, 1985. Rules for testing seeds. Association of Official Seed Analysts (AOSA) Journal of Seed Technology, 6: 1–118. - Anonymus, 1996. International Rules for Seed Testing: rules 1996. International Seed Testing Association (ISTA), Seed Science and Technology, 24: 1–335. - Anonymus, 1999. International Rules for Seed Testing. International Seed Testing Association (ISTA), Seed Science Technology. 27, (Supplement) Rules. 333p. - Anonymus, 2000. Tetrazolium Testing Handbook, (Oleaceae Revision 2006). J. Peters (Ed.), Association of Official Seed Analysts (AOSA), www.aosaseed.com/TZwebsite/2006pdf/2006TZOlea ceae.pdf - Anonymus, 2005. Rules for seed testing. International Seed Testing Association (ISTA), Bassersdorf, Switzerland. 395 p. - Anonymus, 2013. The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. Version 2013.1. <www.iucnredlist.org>. - Arrillaga, I., Marzo, T. and Segura, J., 1992. Embryo culture of Fraxinus ornus and Sorbus domestica removes seed dormancy. Horticultural Science, 27: 371-371. - Barclay, A. M. and Crawford, R. M. M., 1984. Seedling emergence in the rowan (Sorbus aucuparia) from an altitudinal gradient. Journal of Ecology, 72: 627–636. - Baskin, J. M. and Baskin, C. C. 2004., A classification system for seed dormancy. Seed science research, 14: 1-16. - Baskin, C. C., Baskin, J. M., McDonald, M. B. and Kwong, F. Y., 2005. Seed dormancy in wild flowers. Flower seeds: Biology and technology, 163-185. - Bian, L., Yang, L. Wang, J. and Shen, H., 2013. Effects of KNO3 pretreatment and temperature on seed germination of Sorbus pohuashanensis. Journal of Forestry Research, 24: 309-316. - Bray, C. M., Davison, P.A., Ashraf, M. and Taylor, R.M., 1989. Biochemical changes during osmopriming of leek seeds. Annual Botany, 63: 185–93. - Demesure, B., Guerroué, B. L., Lucchi, G., Prat, D. and Petit, R.J., 2000. Genetic variability of a scattered temperate forest tree: Sorbus torminalis L. (Crantz). Annals of Forest Science, 57: 63–71. - Demesure-Musch, B. and Oddou-Muratorio, S., 2004. EUFORGEN Technical Guidelines for genetic conservation and use for wild service tree (Sorbus torminalis). International Plant Genetic Resources Institute, Rome, Italy, 6p. - Dirr, M. and HEUSER, C. W. J., 1987. The Reference Manual of Woody Plant Propagation: From Seed to Tissue Culture. Varsity Press, Inc., Athens, Georgia, 239p. - Dzhangaliev, A. D., Salova, T. N. and Turekhanova, P. M., 2003. The wild fruit and Nut plants of Kazakhstan. Kazakhstan Academy of Science Interbranch Laboratory for the Protection of Germplasm. Main Botanical Garden Almaty, Republic of Kazakhstan.Horticultural Reviews, 29: 305-371. - Ellis, R. H., Hong, T. D. and Roberts, E. H., 1985. Handbook of seed technology for genebanks. Vol. 2. Compendium of specific germination information and test recommendations. International Board for Plant Genetic Resources, Rome, 405p. - Espahbodi, K., Mirzaee Nadoshan, H., Tabari, M., Akbarinia, M. and Dehghan Shuraki, Y., 2005. The effect of maternals age and one year of maintenance seeds on seed growing of mountain ash (Sorbus torminalis). Iranian Journal of Forest and Poplar Research, 11(4): 519- 538 (In Persian). - Farooq M, Wahid A, Kobayashi N, Fujita D, Basra SMA. 2009. Plant drought stress: effects, mechanisms and management. Agron. Sustain. Dev., 29: 185-212. - Flemion, F., 1931. After-ripening, germination, and vitality of seeds of Sorbus aucuparia L. Contributions From the Boyce Thompson Institute, 3: 413–439. - Flemion, F., 1933. Physiological and chemical studies of after-ripening of Rhodotypos kerrioides seeds. Contributions From the Boyce Thompson Institute, 5: 143-159. - Gordon, A.G. and Rowe, D. C. F., 1982. Seed manual for ornamental trees and shrubs. Forestry Commission Bulletin, 59. HMSO, London. ISBN: 0-11-710152-4. http://agris.fao.org/agris-search/search.do?recordID=GB19830912420. - Gosling, P., 2007. Raising trees and shrubs from seed. Forestry Commission. Edinburgh, Scotland. 28p. - Gültekin, H. C., Gülcü, S., Çelik, S., Gürvelik, N., Ozturk, G., 2007. The Effects of Stratification Periods on Germination of Service Tree (Sorbus L.) Seeds, Süleyman Demirel Üniversitesi Orman Fakültesi Dergisi, Seri: A, Sayı: 2: 42-50. - Harris, A. S. and Stein, W. I., 1974. Sorbus aucuparia L., mountain- ash. In: Schopmeyer C.S. (Ed.), tech. cord. Seed of woody plants in the United States. Agric. Handbk. Washingtong .DC: USDA Forest Service, 450: 780-784. - Hartmann, H. T., Kester, D. E., Davies, F. T. JR. and Geneve, R. L., 1997. Plant Propagation. Principles and practices. Fifth edition. Prentice-Hall International, Inc., 647p. - Hilton, R. J., Jaswal, A. S., Teskey, B. J. E. and Barabas, B., 1965. Rest period studies on seeds of Amelanchier, Prunus, and Sorbus. Canadian Journal Plant Science, 45: 79-85. - Hong, T. D. and Ellis, R. H. 1992. The survival of germinating orthodox seeds after desiccation and hermetic sto,rage. Experimental Botany, 43: 239-247. - Hummer, K. E. and Janick, J., 2009. Rosaceae: taxonomy, economic importance, genomics: 1-17. In: Folta, K.M. and Gardiner, S.E. (Eds.). Plant Genetics and Genomics: Crops and Models. Springer, New York, 636p. - Jentsch, W., 1970. Der Einfluß Tillichs auf die Religionspädagogik der Gegenwart. EvErz 22: 345–362. - Khare, C. P., 2007. Indian Medicinal Plants. Janak Puri. New Delhi. India. 836p. - Kildisheva, O. A., Dumroese, R. K. and Davis, A. S., 2011. Overcoming Dormancy and Enhancing Germination of Sphaeralcea munroana Seeds. Horticultural Science, 46(12): 1672-1676. - Kučerová, V., Honec, M., Paule, L., Zhelev, P. and Gomory, D., 2010. Genetic differentiation of Sorbus torminalis in Eastern Europe as determined by microsatellite markers. Biologia, 65(5): 817-821 - Lenartowicz, A., 1988. Warm-followed-by-cold stratification of mountain-ash (Sorbus aucuparia L.) seeds. Acta Horticulturae, 226: 231-238. - McKeever, D.G., 1938. The effects of various methods of treatment on germination of seeds of some plants valuable for game and erosion purposes. Master's thesis, University of Idaho, Moscow, ID. 128p. - Mirov, N.T., and Kraebel, C.J., 1939. Collecting and Handling Seeds of Wild Plants. Civilian Conservation Corps Forestry publ. No.5. US Government Printing Office. Washington, DC. 42 p. - Moore, R. P., 1985. Handbook on Tetrazolium Testing. Published by The International Seed Testing Association. Zurich, Switzerland. 99p. - Nee, C. L. and Zheng, Y. R., 2005. Effects of water supply and sand burial on seed germination and seedling emergence of four dominant psammophytes in the Ordos Plateau. [J]. Acta Phytoecologica Sinica, 5: 730-739. - Nekratova, N. A. and Shurupova, M. N., 2015. Medicinal plants in the Altai Mountains: reserves of raw materials and annual possible volumes of harvesting. International Journal of Environmental Studies, (ahead-of-print): 1-11. - Nikolaeva, M. G., 1969. Physiology of deep dormancy in seeds (Fiziologiya glubokogo pokoya semyan). Israel Program for Scientific Translations [available from the U.S. Dept. of Commerce, Clearinghouse for Federal Scientific and Technical Information.] http://www.seedbiology.de/dormancy.asp - Paganova, V. 2007. Ecology and distribution of Sorbus torminalis (L.) Crantz. in Slovakia. Horticultural Science, 34(4): 138–151. - Pourmajidian, M. R., 2000. Investigation on germination and propagation of service tree (Sorbus torminalis) in western part of Hyrcanian forests of Iran. Iranian Journal of Natural Resources, 53 (2): 131-139 (In Persian). - Saleem, M. S., Sajid, M., Ahmed, Z., Ahmed, S., Ahmed, N. and Islam, M. S. U., 2014. Effect of Seed Soaking On Seed Germination and Growth of Bitter Gourd Cultivars. IOSR Journal of Agriculture and Veterinary Science, 6(6): 7-11. - Takos, I. A. and Efthimiou, G. SP., 2003. Germination Results on Dormant Seeds of fifteen Tree Species Autumn Sown in a Northern Greek Nursery. Silvae Genetica, 52(2): 67-71. - Trindle, J. D. C., 1996. Personal communication. Corvallis, OR: USDA Natural Resources Conservation Service, Plant Materials Center. - Var, M., Becki, B. and Dincer, D., 2010. Effect of stratification treatments on germination of Sorbus torminalis L. Crantz (wild service tree) seeds with different origins. African Journal of Biotechnology, 9(34): 5535-5541. - Yang, L. and Hai-long, S., 2011. Effect of electrostatic field on seed germination and seedling growth of Sorbus pohuashanesis. Journal of Forestry Research, 22(1): 27-34. - Young J.A. and Young C.G. 1992. Seeds of woody plants in North America. Revised and Enlarged edition. Dioscorides Press, Portland, Oregon. 407 p. - Young, J. A. and Young, C. G. 1986. Collecting, processing and germinating seeds of wildland plants. Timber Press. 236 p. - Yosef-zadeh, H. and Espahbodi, K., 2007. An investigation of effect seed source, diameter of mother tree and period of treatment on seed germination of Wild Service (Sorbus torminalis (L.) Crantz) species in Mazandaran. Iranian Journal of Biology, 20(2): 215- 224 (In Persian). - Zarchini, M., Hashemabadi, D., Negahdar, N. and Zarchini, S., 2013. Improvement Seed Germination of Wild Service Tree (Sorbus aucoparia L (.by Gibberellic Acid. Annals of Biological Research, 4(1): 72-74. - Zarska-Maciejewskanal, S. and Lewak, T., 1976. The role of lipases in the removal of dormancy in apple seeds. Planta, 132: 177-181. - Zeitlinger, H. J., 1990. Die Elsbeere. Österreichische Forstzeitung, 12: 35–37. - Zentsch, W., 1970. Stratification of Sorbus aucuparia L. seeds. In: Bialobok, S. and Suszka B. (Eds.) Proceedings, International Symposium on Seed Physiology of Woody Plants; 1968 September 3–8; Kornik, Poland. Kornik, Poland: Institute of Dendrology and Kornik Arboretum: 127-132. | ||
|
آمار تعداد مشاهده مقاله: 1,776 تعداد دریافت فایل اصل مقاله: 877 |
||