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بررسی سیستم‌های مختلف حاصلخیزی خاک بر برخی صفات فیزیولوژیکی، عملکرد و میزان اسانس مریم‌گلی (Salvia officinalis L.) در شرایط مختلف رطوبتی | ||
| تحقیقات گیاهان دارویی و معطر ایران | ||
| مقاله 14، دوره 32، شماره 2 - شماره پیاپی 76، خرداد 1395، صفحه 333-345 اصل مقاله (241.19 K) | ||
| نوع مقاله: مقاله پژوهشی | ||
| شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.22092/ijmapr.2016.106567 | ||
| نویسندگان | ||
| مصطفی گواهی1؛ امیر قلاوند* 2؛ فرزاد نجفی3؛ علی سروش‌زاده4 | ||
| 1دانشجوی دکتری، گروه زراعت، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه تربیت مدرس، تهران، ایران | ||
| 2استاد، گروه زراعت، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه تربیت مدرس، تهران، ایران | ||
| 3استادیار، گروه کشاورزی، پژوهشکده گیاهان و مواد اولیه دارویی، دانشگاه شهید بهشتی، تهران، ایران | ||
| 4دانشیار، گروه زراعت، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه تربیت مدرس، تهران، ایران | ||
| چکیده | ||
| مریم‌گلی یک گیاه دارویی متداول است که به‌طور گسترده‌ای در صنایع غذایی و داروسازی مورد استفاده قرار می‌گیرد. به‌منظور بررسی کودهای آلی و بیولوژیک بر خصوصیات فیزیولوژیکی، عملکرد و میزان اسانس گیاه دارویی مریم‌گلی (Salvia officinalis L.) در شرایط مختلف رطوبتی، آزمایشی به‌صورت اسپلیت پلات در قالب طرح بلوک‌های کامل تصادفی با 15 تیمار و سه تکرار در سال 1391 در دانشکده کشاورزی دانشگاه تربیت مدرس انجام شد. تیمارهای آزمایشی شامل آبیاری (I) در سه سطح: آبیاری پس از مصرف 40% رطوبت قابل استفاده در عمق توسعه ریشه (I1)، آبیاری پس از مصرف 60% رطوبت قابل استفاده در عمق توسعه ریشه (I2)، آبیاری پس از مصرف 80% رطوبت قابل استفاده در عمق توسعه ریشه (I3) و سامانه‌های حاصلخیزی خاک در پنج سطح: عدم مصرف کود (F0)، کود شیمیایی اوره (Ur)، باکتری‌های آزادزی تثبیت‌کننده نیتروژن (NFB)، ورمی‌کمپوست (V) و ورمی‌کمپوست + باکتری‌های آزادزی تثبیت‌کننده نیتروژن (V+NFB) بودند که تیمار آبیاری در کرت‌های اصلی و سامانه‌های حاصلخیزی خاک در کرت‌های فرعی قرار داده شدند. نتایج آزمایش نشان داد که تمام صفات مورد بررسی به‌طور معنی‌داری (01/0P ) تحت تأثیر رژیم‌های مختلف آبیاری و سامانه‌های حاصلخیزی خاک قرار گرفت. با افزایش تنش خشکی کلروفیل a، b، کل و عملکرد خشک کاهش یافت، اما مقدار قند، پرولین و مقدار اسانس افزایش یافت. بررسی نتایج نشان داد که بالاترین مقادیر کلیه صفات اندازه‌گیری شده مربوط به تیمار ورمی‌کمپوست+باکتری‌های تثبیت‌کننده نیتروژن بود. همچنین نتایج آزمایش نشان داد که بالاترین مقدار اسانس (10/1%) و عملکرد اسانس (l ha-150/20) از تیمار ورمی‌کمپوست + باکتری‌های تثبیت‌کننده نیتروژن تحت تنش متوسط (I2) بدست آمد. | ||
| کلیدواژه‌ها | ||
| مریم‌گلی (Salvia officinalis L.)؛ ورمی‌کمپوست؛ کود زیستی؛ نیتروژن؛ رطوبت خاک | ||
| عنوان مقاله [English] | ||
| Effects of different soil fertility systems on some physiological characteristics, yield and essential oil of sage (Salvia officinalis L.) under different irrigation regimes | ||
| نویسندگان [English] | ||
| M. Govahi1؛ A. Ghalavand2؛ F. Nadjafi3؛ A. Sorooshzadeh4 | ||
| 1Ph.D. Student, Department of Agronomy, Faculty of Agriculture, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran | ||
| 2Department of Agronomy, Faculty of Agriculture, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran | ||
| 3Department of Agriculture, Medicinal Plants and Drug Research Institute, Shahid Beheshti University, Tehran, Iran | ||
| 4Department of Agronomy, Faculty of Agriculture, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran | ||
| چکیده [English] | ||
| Sage, a popular medicinal plant, is widely used in food and pharmaceutical industries. This research was aimed to study the effects of organic and biological fertilizers on physiological characteristics, yield, and essential oil content of sage (Salvia officinalis L.) under different moisture conditions. The study was conducted in a field experiment in split-plot design with 15 treatments and three replications at Tarbiat Modares University in 2012. Treatments included three irrigation levels (irrigation after depletion of 40% available water, irrigation after depletion of 60% available water, and irrigation after depletion of 80% available water) and five different soil fertility systems (control (no fertilizer) (F0), chemical fertilizer (urea) (Ur), nitrogen fixing bacteria (NFB), vermicompost (V), vermicompost + nitrogen fixing bacteria (V+MFB), allocated to main plots and subplots, respectively. Results indicated that the irrigation regimes had significant effect (p 0.01) on all measured traits. Chlorophyll a, b, and dry matter declined with increasing of water stress, but sugar, proline and essential oil content increased. Results showed that the highest values of all measured traits were related to the vermicompost + nitrogen fixing bacteria treatment. In addition, results showed that the highest essential oil percentage (1.10%) and essential oil yield (20.50 l ha-1) were obtained in vermicompost + nitrogen fixing bacteria treatment under moderate drought stress (I2). | ||
| کلیدواژه‌ها [English] | ||
| Sage (Salvia officinalis L.), vermocompost, Biofertilizer, nitrogen, Soil Moisture | ||
| مراجع | ||
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