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ارزیابی میزان پارازیتیسم تخم بید گوجه‌فرنگی Tuta absoluta توسط جمعیت‌های بومی زنبور Trichogramma brassicae در شرایط آزمایشگاه | ||
| مهار زیستی در گیاه‌پزشکی | ||
| مقاله 8، دوره 3، شماره 2، اسفند 1394، صفحه 109-122 اصل مقاله (221.58 K) | ||
| نوع مقاله: مقاله پژوهشی | ||
| شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.22092/bcpp.2016.105940 | ||
| نویسندگان | ||
| سیده راضیه احمدی پور1؛ جهانشیر شاکرمی* 2؛ شهرام فرخی2؛ شهریار جعفری2 | ||
| 1دانشجوی کارشناسی ارشد | ||
| 2هیات علمی | ||
| چکیده | ||
| بید گوجه‌فرنگیTuta absoluta یکی از آفات مهم گوجه‌فرنگی در بسیاری از نقاط دنیاست که همه‌ی مراحل رشدی گیاه میزبان را مورد حمله قرار داده و در صورت عدم کنترل به نابودی کامل محصول منجر خواهد شد. یکی از روش‌های کنترل این آفت، استفاده از عوامل کنترل بیولوژیک از جمله زنبورهای Trichogramma (Hym: Trichogrammatidae) می‌باشد. در این بررسی میزان پذیرش و پارازیتیسم تخم T. absolutaتوسط شش جمعیت بومی زنبور Trichogramma brassicae درشرایط آزمایشگاه (1±25 درجه‌ی سلسیوس، رطوبت نسبی10±70 درصد، دوره‌ی نوری 16 ساعت روشنایی و 8 ساعت تاریکی) مقایسه شد. آزمایشها با استفاده از گیاه گوجه‌فرنگی رقم نانهمز 6189 در قالب طرح کاملاً تصادفی در 12 تکرار انجام شد. برای هر جمعیت، زنبورهای ماده جفت‌گیری کرده با طول عمر کمتر از 24 ساعت، به‌صورت انفرادی روی برگچههای حاوی30 عدد تخم تازهی بید گوجه‌فرنگی (به‌صورت مساوی، 15 عدد در هریک از سطوح برگ) به‌مدت 24 ساعت درون ظروف پلاستیکی استوانهای شکل (5/8×11 سانتیمتر) قرار داده شدند. سپس برگها به‌مدت پنج روز در اتاق حرارت ثابت نگهداری و میزان پارازیتیسم تخمT. absoluta توسط جمعیت‌های بومی T. brassicae تعیین شد. نتایج نشان داد میزان پذیرش و پارازیتیسم تخم بید گوجه‌فرنگی توسط جمعیت‌های بومی زنبور T. brassicae به‌صورت معنی‌داری با یکدیگر تفاوت دارد. بیش‌ترین و کم‌ترین درصد پارازیتیسم به‌میزان 34/9±89/53 و 05/4±94/6 به‌ترتیب مربوط به جمعیت‌های بابلسر و صومعه‌سرا بود. میانگین درصد پارازیتیسم تخم‌های T. absoluta توسط هر یک از جمعیت‌های زنبور در سطوح رویی و زیرین برگ تفاوت معنی‌داری نداشت. | ||
| کلیدواژه‌ها | ||
| پارازیتیسم؛ Trichogramma brassicae؛ بیدگوجهفرنگی؛ کنترل بیولوژیک | ||
| عنوان مقاله [English] | ||
| Evaluation of Trichogramma brassicae native populations as egg parasitoid of tomato leafminer, Tuta absoluta (Meyrick) in the laboratory conditions | ||
| چکیده [English] | ||
| The tomato leafminer, Tuta absoluta (Meyrick) (Lepidoptera: Gelechiidae) is a devastating pest of tomato worldwide, originating from South America. As the key pest of tomato, it occurs in all stages of host plant and its damage and leads to the total destruction of the product. One of the control measures of T. absoluta is the use of biological control agents, such as Trichogramma wasp (Hym.: Trichogrammatidae) as the egg parasitoid. Laboratory tests were undertaken to evaluate the potential of six populations of T. brassicae to control T. absoluta. A completely randomized design with 12 replications was employed to evaluate treatments. Tomato (cv. Nanhemz 6189) was used as host plant and all experiments were carried out at 25±1˚C, 70±10%RH and 16:8h (L:D). Mated Trichogramma females aged 12-24h, were placed individually on an infested tomato leaflet harbouring 30 T. absoluta fresh eggs (15 eggs in both sides of leaves) in a plastic glass (11×8.5cm). The parasitoid wasps were then removed from the glass after 24 hours. After five days the parasitized eggs were counted and the parasitism rate of T. absoluta eggs by T. brassicae populations was compared. The highest and lowest parasitism rate was achieved as 53.89±9.34 and 6.94±4.05 percent for Baboulsar and Some-e Sara populations, respectively. In addition, the average of T. absoluta eggs parasitized by T. brassicae populations was not significantly different on the both sides of tomato leaves. | ||
| کلیدواژه‌ها [English] | ||
| Parasitism, Trichogramma brassicae, Tuta absoluta, biological control | ||
| مراجع | ||
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