| تعداد نشریات | 282 |
| تعداد نشریات سازمان | 80 |
| تعداد شمارهها | 3,188 |
| تعداد مقالات | 35,336 |
| تعداد مشاهده مقاله | 51,458,347 |
| تعداد دریافت فایل اصل مقاله | 91,331,940 |
ارزیابی ترکیب شیمیایی، انرژی قابل متابولیسم و گوارش پذیری سه گیاه شورپسند مورد تعلیف شتر به روش آزمایشگاهی | ||
| علوم دامی | ||
| مقاله 3، دوره 28، شماره 106، خرداد 1394، صفحه 29-42 اصل مقاله (1.32 M) | ||
| نوع مقاله: مقاله پژوهشی | ||
| شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.22092/asj.2015.101345 | ||
| نویسندگان | ||
| اکبر ابرغانی* 1؛ مرتضی چاجی2؛ هرمز منصوری3؛ مرتضی ممویی2؛ خلیل میرزاده4؛ هدایت اله روشنفکر5 | ||
| 1دانش آموخته دوره دکتری تغذیه دام دانشگاه کشاورزی ومنابع طبیعی رامین خوزستان، ایران | ||
| 2دانشیار دانشگاه کشاورزی ومنابع طبیعی رامین خوزستان، ایران | ||
| 3استاد یار موسسه تحقیقات علوم دامی کشور، کرج، ایران | ||
| 4استادیار دانشگاه کشاورزی ومنابع طبیعی رامین خوزستان | ||
| 5دانشیار گروه علوم دامی دانشگاه کشاورزی ومنابع طبیعی رامین خوزستان | ||
| چکیده | ||
| سه گونه گیاهی شورزی تحت چرای شتر به نامهای سلمکی ساقه سفید، اشنان و سیاه شور از نظر ترکیب شیمیایی، انرژی قابل متابولیسم و گوارشپذیری ماده خشک، ماده آلی و فیبر در قالب طرح آزمایشی کاملاً تصادفی مورد مطالعه قرار گرفتند. نمونههای گیاهی در طول فصل چرای پاییزه و زمستانه از مراتع تحت چرای جنوب استان خوزستان و بر اساس الگوی چرای شتر از بوتههای مذکور جمعآوری و بر اساس ماده خشک مخلوط و نمونههای ترکیبی (به عنوان تیمار) تهیه شدند. جایگزینی سلمکی ساقه سفید با هر کدام از 5/66 یا 5/33 درصد از اشنان و سیاه شور به طور معنیداری مقدار ماده آلی را کاهش و مقدار خاکستر را افزایش داد. همچنین با جایگزینی مزبور، انرژی قابل متابولیسم افزایش یافت (05/0>P). درصد گوارشپذیری ماده خشک تحت تاثیر تیمار قرار گرفت (05/0>P). جایگزینی 5/66 درصد سیاه شور با اشنان و سلمکی ساقه سفید با اشنان سبب افزایش گوارشپذیری ماده آلی شد (05/0>P). گیاه سلمکی ساقه سفید در مقایسه با دو گونه اشنان و سیاه شور و همچنین اشنان در مقایسه با سیاه شور از درصد گوارشپذیری دیواره سلولی و دیواره سلولی منهای همی سلولز بالاتری برخوردار بودند (05/0>P). نتایج نشان داد که سه گونه گیاهی مورد مطالعه تفاوتی از نظر انرژی قابل متابولیسم نداشتند، ولی ترکیب اشنان و سلمکی ساقه سفید موجب افزایش گوارش پذیری ماده آلی و ارزش انرژیزائی آنها شد. | ||
| کلیدواژهها | ||
| گیاهان شورزی؛ شتر؛ گوارش پذیری؛ سلمکی ساقه سفید؛ اشنان؛ سیاه شور | ||
| عنوان مقاله [English] | ||
| Chemical composition, metabolizable energy and in vitro digestibility of three camel browsed halophyte species | ||
| نویسندگان [English] | ||
| Akbar Abarghani1؛ M. Chaji2؛ H. Mansouri3؛ Morteza Mamouei2؛ Khalil Mirzadeh4؛ Hedayatolah Roshanfekr5 | ||
| چکیده [English] | ||
| Chemical composition and metabolizable energy of three camel browsed halophyte species (Atriplex leucoclada, Suaeda fruticosa, Seidlitzia rosmarinus) were assessed and in vitro digestibility of DM (IVDMD), OM (IVOMD), NDF (IVNDFD), ADF (IVADFD) were determined using a completely randomized design. Plant samples were collected based on camel's grazing patterns during the autumn-winter grazing seasons in southern Khuzestan province. The samples were mixed on dry matter basis to provide different combined mixtures (as treatments). Replacing 33.5 or 66.5% of A. leucoclada with S. rosmarinus or S. fruticosa reduced OM content and increased Ash content. Also, replacing of A. leucoclada with S. rosmarinus increased ME content. The IVDMD of treatments were different (p<0.05). Replacing 66.5% of S. fruticosa with S. rosmarinus and A. leucoclada with S. rosmarinus increased IVOMD. NDF and ADF digestibility of A. leucoclada were higher than those of S. rosmarinus and S. fruticosa, also S. rosmarinus than that of S. fruticosa(p<0.05). It can be concluded that, three species were not different in terms of metabolizable energy but the combination of A. leucoclada with S. rosmarinus enhanced organic matter digestibility and energetic value | ||
| کلیدواژهها [English] | ||
| Halophyte plants, Camel, Digistibility, Atriplex leucoclada, Suaeda fruticosa, Seidlitzia rosmarinus | ||
| مراجع | ||
|
A.O.A.C. (1990) Official Methods of Analysis, 15th Edith, Association of Official Analytical Chemists (Washington DC, USA). Abideen, Z. Ansari, R. and Ajmal Khan, M. (2011) Halophytes: Potential source of ligno- cellulosic biomass for ethanol production. Biomass Bioenerg. 35: 1818-1822. AL-Masri, M.R. (2003) An in vitro evaluation of some unconventional ruminant feeds in terms of the organic matter digestibility, energy and microbial biomass. Trop. Anim. Health Pro. 35: 155-167. AL-Owaimer, A.N. Zahran, S.M. and AL-Bassam, B.A. (2008) Effect of feeding some types of Atriplex spp. in complete diet on growth performance and digestibility of growing lambs. Res. Bult., No. (161) , Food Sci. and Agric. Res. Center, King Saud Univ., pp: 5-19 Barhoumi, Z. Jebali, W. Maoui, A. Chaïbi, W. and Abdelly, C. (2007) Contribution of NaCl excretion to salt resistance of Aeluropus littoralis (Willd) Parl, J. Plant Physiol. 164: 842-850. Ben Salem, H. Norman, H.C. Nefzaoui, A. Mayberry, D.E. Pearce K.L. Revell. D.K. (2010) Potential use of oldman saltbush (Atriplex nummularia Lindl.) in sheep and goat feeding. A review. Small Rumin. Res. 91: 13-28. Benjamin, R.W. Oren, W.E. Katz, E. and Becker, K. (1992) The apparent digestibility of Atriplex barclayana and its effect on nitrogen balance in sheep. Anim. Prod. 54: 259–264. Cayley, J. W. D and Bird, P. R. (1996). Techniques for Measuring Pastures. Sccond Edition. Pastrol and Veterinary Institute Hamilton, ISBN 0 7306 64295. Chow, J.M. and Russell, J.B. (1992) Effect of pH and monensin on glucose transport by Fibrobacter succinogenes, a cellulolytic ruminal bacterium. Appl. Environ. Microbiol. 58: 1115-1120. Chow, J.M. Van Kessel, J.A.S. and Russell, J.B. (1994) Binding of radiolabeled monensin and lasalocid to ruminal microorganisms and feed. J. Anim. Sci. 72: 1630-1635. El Shaer, H.M. (1997) Sustainable utilization of halophytic plant species as livestock fodder in Egypt. In: Proceedings of the International Conference on “Water management, salinity and pollution control towards sustainable irrigation in the Mediterranean region”,September 22–26, 1997, Bari, Italy: 171–184. El Shaer, H.M. (2006) Halophytes as cash crops for animal feeds in arid and semi-arid regions. In: Biosaline Agriculture and Salinity Tolerance in Plants. Edited by M. Öztürk, Y. Waisel, M. A. Khan and G. Görk. Birkhäuser Verlag/Switzerland El Shaer, H.M. (2010) Halophytes and salt-tolerant plants as potential forage for ruminants in the Near East region. A Review. Small Rumin Res. 91: 3–12. Endres, D.B. and Rude, R.K. (1999) Mineral and bone metabolism. In: Burtis, CA. and Ashwood, ER, editors. Diets textbook of clinical chemistry, 3th Edith. Philadelphia: W. B Saunders Company. 1395-1457. Engels, E.A.N. and Van der Merwe, F.J. (1967). Application of an in vitro technique to South African forages with special reference to the effect of certain factors on the result. S. Afr. J. Agric. Sci. 10: 983-995. Fayed, A.M. El- Essawy, A.M. Eid, E.Y. Helal, H.G. Abdou A.R. and El Shaer, H.M. (2010) Utilization of Alfalfa and Atriplex for Feeding Sheep under Saline Conditions of South Sinai, Egypt. J. Am. Sci. 6 (12) : 1447-1461. Georing, H.K. and Van Soest, P.J. (1970) Forage fiber analysis: apparatus, reagents, procedures, and some applications, Agriculture Handbook No. 379, USDA. Gihad, E.A. and ElShaer, H.M. (1994) Nutritive value of halophytes. In: Squires,V.R., Ayoub, A.T. (Eds.) , Halophytes as a Resource for Livestock and for Rehabilitation of Degraded Lands. Kluwer Academic Publishers, pp: 281–284. Haddi, M.L. Filacorda, S. Meniai, K. Rollin, F. and Susmel, P. (2003) In vitro fermentation kinetics of some halophyte shrubs sampled at three stage maturity. Anim. Feed Sci. Technol. 104: 215-225. Hamilton, J.A. Webster, M.E.D. (1987) Food intake,water intake,urine output, growth rate and wool growth of lambs accustomed to high or low intake of sodium chloride. Aust. J. Agric. Res. 37, 187–194. ICBA. (2006) Biosalinity news. Newsletter of the International Center of Biosaline Agriculture (ICBA). 9/2/2006. Kandil, H.M. and El Shaer, H.M. (1988) The utilization of Atriplex nummularia by goats and sheep in Sinai. In: Proceedings of the International Conference on Constraints and possibilities of ruminant production in dry subtropics, Cairo, Egypt, November 5–7, pp: 100–115. Kassilly, F.N. (2002) Forage quality and camel feeding patterns in Central Baringo, Kenya. Livestock Production Science. 78: 175–182. Khan, U.S. and Bano, A. (2011) Physiological and Biochemical Analysis of the Selected Halophytes of District Mardan, Pakistan. International Journal of Bioscience, Biochemistry and Bioinformatics. Vol (1) : No. 4. Laudadio, V. Dario, M. Hammadi, M. and Tufarelli, V. (2009) Nutritional composition of three fodder species browsed by camels (Camelus dromedarius) on arid area of Tunisia. J. Trop. Anim. Health Prod. 41: 1219-1224. Le Houérou, H.N. (1993) Salt tolerant plants for the arid regions of the Mediterranean isoclimatic zone. In: Leith, H., El-Masoom, A. (Eds.) , Towards the Rational Use Of high Salinity Tolerant Plants. Kluwer Academic Publications, Dordrecht, The Netherlands, P: 405–411. Le Houérou, H.N. (1994) Forage halophytes and salt-tolerant fodder crops in the Mediterranean Basin. In: Squires, V.R., Ayoub, A.T. (Eds.) , Halophytes as a Resource for Livestock and for Rehabilitation of Degraded Lands. Kluwer Academic Publishers, P: 123–137. MAFF. (1984). Energy allowance and feeding systems for ruminants. Ministry of Agriculture, Fisheries and Food, 2th Edition. Chalcombe Publications, Marlow, UK 85 pp. Masters, D.G. Norman, H.C. and Dynes, R.A. (2001) Opportunity and limitations for animal production from saline land. Asian-Aust. J. Anim. Sci.14, 199–211. Moore, K.J. and Jung, H.J.G. (2001) Lignin and fiber digestion. J. Range Manage. 54: 420-430. Riasi, A. Danesh Mesgaran, M. Stern, M.D. and Ruiz Moreno, M.J. (2008) Chemical composition,in situ ruminal degradability and post-ruminal disappearance of dry matter and crude protein from the halophytic plants Kochia scoparia, Atriplex dimorphostegia, Suaeda arcuata and Gamanthus gamacarpus. Animal Feed Science and Technology, 141: 209–219 Rossi, R. Del Prete, E. Rokitzky, J. Scharrer, E. (1998) Effect of high NaCl diet on eating and drinking patterns in Pygmy goats. Physiol. Behav.63, 601–604. Russell, J.B. and Strobel, H.J. (1989). Effect of ionophores on ruminal fermentation. Appl. Environ. Microbiol. 55: 1-6 Sallam, S.M.A. da Silva Bueno, I.C. de Godoy, P.B. Eduardo, F.N. Schmidt Vittib, D.M.S. and Abdalla, A.L. (2010) Ruminal fermentation and tannins bioactivity of some browses using a semi-automated gas production technique. Tropical and Subtropical Agroecosystems. 12: 1 - 10. SAS Institute. (2002) SAS users Guide. Statistic. Cray, NC. SAS Institute INC. Sliwinski, B.J. Soliva, C.R. Machmuller, A. and Kreuzer, M. (2002) Efficacy of plant extracts rich in secondary constituents to modify rumen fermentation. Anim. Feed Sci. Technol. 101: 101–114. Tilley, J.M.A. and Terry R.A. (1963) A two stage technique for in vitro digestion of forage crops. J. Br. Grassl. Soc. 18:104. Towhidi, A. (2007) Nutritive value of some herbage for dromedary camel in Iran. Pakistan J. Biol. Sci. 10 (1) : 167-170. Towhidi, A. and Zhandi, M. (2007) Chemical composition, in vitro digestibility and palatability of nine plant species for dromedary camels in the province of Semnan, Iran. Egyp. J. Biol. 9: 47-52. Towhidi, A. Saberifar, T. and Dirandeh, E. (2011) Nutritive value of some herbage for dromedary camels in the central arid zone of Iran. Trop. Anim. Health Prod. 43: 617–622. Van Kessel, J.S. and Russell, J.B. (1992). Energetics of arginine and lysine transport by whole cells and membrane vesicles of strain SR, a monensin-sensitive ruminal bacterium. Appl. Environ. Microbiol. 58: 969-975. Van Niekerk, W.A. Abubeker Hassen, P. Vermaak, J. and Coertze, R.J. (2009). Influence of species/cultivar and season on the quality of Atriplex grown at different sites in South Africa. S. Afr. J. Anim. Sci. 39: 238-241. Van Soest, P.J. (1994) Nutritional ecology of the ruminants, 2th Edition, Comstock Cornell University Press, USA. Van Soest, P.J. Robertson, J.B. and Lewis, B.A. (1991) Methods for dietary fiber, neutral detergent fiber, and non-starch polysaccharides in relation to animal nutrition, J. Dairy Sci. 74, 3583–3597. | ||
|
آمار تعداد مشاهده مقاله: 1,900 تعداد دریافت فایل اصل مقاله: 1,378 |
||