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بررسی اثر خاکورزی حفاظتی و تراکم بوته بر عملکرد دو رقم پنبه | ||
| پژوهش های پنبه ایران | ||
| مقاله 8، دوره 2، شماره 1، خرداد 1393، صفحه 105-122 اصل مقاله (422.28 K) | ||
| نوع مقاله: مقاله پژوهشی | ||
| شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.22092/ijcr.2014.100662 | ||
| نویسندگان | ||
| مریم نوروزی1؛ حسینعلی شمس آبادی* 2؛ شهرام نوروزیه3 | ||
| 1کارشناس ارشد مهندسی مکانیک بیوسیستم | ||
| 2استادیار دانشگاه علوم کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی گرگان | ||
| 3استادیار موسسه تحقیقات پنبه کشور پنبه | ||
| چکیده | ||
| بهمنظور بررسی تأثیر سیستمهای مختلف خاکورزی، تراکم بوته و رقم بر عملکرد پنبه، آزمایشی بصورت کرتهای خرد شده در قالب طرح بلوکهای کامل تصادفی در سه تکرار در ایستگاه تحقیقات پنبههاشم آباد اجرا گردید. سه سیستم خاکورزی از جمله سیستم خاکورزی سطحی (دیسک)، سیستم کم خاکورزی (سیکلوتیلر+دیسک) و سیستم خاکورزی مرسوم (گاوآهن برگرداندار+ دیسک) بعنوان فاکتور اصلی؛ دو رقم پنبه به نامهای گلستان و خرداد بهعنوان فاکتور فرعی و تراکم بوته در سه سطح 12/5، 6/3 و 4/2 بوته در مترمربع بعنوان فاکتور فرعی فرعی در نظر گرفته شد. نتایج حاکی از عدم وجود اختلاف معنیدار بین سیستمهای مختلف خاکورزی بود. بالاترین و پایینترین میزان عملکرد پنبه بترتیب به سیستمهای کم خاکورزی و خاکورزی مرسوم اختصاص داشت. دو سیستم خاکورزی سطحی و کم خاکورزی نسبت به سیستم خاکورزی مرسوم دارای تعداد شاخه زایا، طول شاخه رویا و ارتفاع بوته کمتر؛ تعداد غوزه و وزن 10 غوزه و در نتیجه عملکرد بیشتری بودند. با کاهش فاصله بوتهها روی ردیف کاشت از 30 به 10 سانتیمتر، تعداد غوزه در بوته و وزن 10 غوزه کاهش یافت، اما با افزایش تعداد بوته در واحد سطح، عملکرد محصول افزایش یافت. رقم گلستان نیز در مقایسه با رقم خرداد بالاترین عملکرد را داشت. علاوه براین بیشترین عملکرد مربوط به رقم گلستان در سیستم کم خاکورزی و تراکم 12/5 بوته در متر مربع بود. | ||
| کلیدواژهها | ||
| تراکم بوته؛ سیستم های خاک ورزی؛ عملکرد پنبه | ||
| عنوان مقاله [English] | ||
| Effect of conservational tillage and plant density on two cottons cultivars yield | ||
| نویسندگان [English] | ||
| Maryam Nowruozi1؛ Hosseinali Shamsabadi2؛ shahram Nowrouzieh3 | ||
| 1MSc. Bio-system mechanics engineering | ||
| 2Assistant Professor, University of Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources, Gorgan, Iran | ||
| 3Assistant Prof., Cotton Research Institute of Iran | ||
| چکیده [English] | ||
| In order to investigate the effects of different tillage systems, plant density and cultivar on yield of cotton, an experiment was carried out as a split - split plot in a randomized complete block design (RCBD) with 3 replications in Cotton Research Station of Hashemabad. Gorgan, Iran. The three tillage systems namely; 1) shallow tillage system (disk harrow), 2) reduced tillage system (cyclo tiller + disk harrow) and 3) conventional tillage system (moldboard + disk harrow) were assigned to main plots. The two cotton cultivars namely; Golestan and Khordad were considered as sub plot and three plant densities including 12.5, 6.3 and 4.2 plant per m2 were attributed to sub-sub plots. The results showed that tillage systems were no significant effect on yield of cotton. The lowest and the highest values of cotton yield were attributed to conventional and reduced tillage system, respectively. The two systems of reduced and shallow tillage systems yielded the lowest number of sympodia, length of monopodia and plant height; and the highest number of boll and 10 boll weights that caused an increase yield. With decreasing the plant distance from 30 to 10 cm, the number of boll and 10 boll weights were decreased, but the yield was increased with increasing in number of plant in a hectare. The highest value of yield cotton was attributed to Golestan cultivar at the reduced tillage plots and S1, with plant space of 10 cm. | ||
| کلیدواژهها [English] | ||
| plant density, Tillage system, Cotton Yield | ||
| مراجع | ||
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